N, N-substituted 3-aminopyrrolidine compounds useful as monoamines reuptake inhibitors

ABSTRACT

The present invention provides a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) 
                         
or a salt thereof, wherein R 101  and R 102  are each independently a phenyl group or a pyridyl group, the phenyl group or the pyridyl group may have one or more substituents selected from halogen atoms and lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, etc. The pyrrolidine compound or a salt thereof of the present invention is usable to produce a pharmaceutical preparation having a wider therapeutic spectrum and being capable of exhibiting sufficient therapeutic effects after short-term administration.

This is a Divisional Appln. of U.S. application Ser. No. 11/914,183, filed Sep. 29, 2008, which is a National Stage Entry of PCT/JP2006/309988, filed May 12, 2006, claiming priority from JP Appln. No. 2005-141230, filed May 13, 2005, the contents of all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a pyrrolidine compound.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Three types of monoamines, known as serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine, act as neurotransmitters in organisms. Therefore, pharmaceuticals having a monoamine reuptake inhibitory effect are widely used as therapeutic pharmaceuticals for diseases of the central and peripheral nervous systems.

Many of the pharmaceuticals used to date for treating depression selectively inhibit norepinephrine or serotonin reuptake. Examples of such pharmaceuticals include imipramine (a first-generation antidepressant), maprotiline (a second-generation antidepressant), selective serotonin-uptake inhibitors such as fluoxetine (SSRI, third-generation antidepressants), serotonin and/or norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors such as venlafaxine (SNRI, fourth-generation-antidepressants), and the like (see Sadanori Miura, Rinshoseishinyakuri (Japanese Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology), 2000, 3: 311-318).

However, it takes at least three weeks for these pharmaceuticals to exhibit their therapeutic effects and furthermore, these pharmaceuticals fail to exhibit sufficient effects in about 30% of patients suffering from depression (see Phil Skolnick, European Journal of Pharmacology, 2001, 375: 31-40).

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

An object of the invention is to provide a pharmaceutical preparation having a wider therapeutic spectrum than known antidepressants, and being capable of exhibiting sufficient therapeutic effects after short-term administration.

The present inventors carried out extensive research to achieve the above object and found that a pyrrolidine compound represented by formula (1) below can be used to produce such a desired pharmaceutical preparation. The present invention has been accomplished based on this finding.

The present invention provides a′ pyrrolidine compound, a composition comprising said compound, an agent comprising said compound, a use of said compound, a method for treating a disorder, and a process for producing said compound, as described in Items 1 to 14 below.

Item 1. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1)

or a salt thereof,

-   wherein R¹⁰¹ and R¹⁰² are each independently one of the following     groups (1) to (86): -   (1) a phenyl group, -   (2) a pyridyl group, -   (3) a benzothienyl group, -   (4) an indolyl group, -   (5) a 2,3-dihydro-1H-indenyl group, -   (6) a naphthyl group, -   (7) a benzofuryl group, -   (8) a quinolyl group, -   (9) a thiazolyl group, -   (10) a pyrimidinyl group, -   (11) a pyrazinyl group, -   (12) a benzothiazolyl group, -   (13) a thieno[3,2-b]pyridyl group, -   (14) a thienyl group, -   (15) a cycloalkyl group, -   (16) a tetrahydropyranyl group, -   (17) a pyrrolyl group, -   (18) a 2,4-dihydro-1,3-benzodioxinyl group, -   (19) a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuryl group, -   (20) a 9H-fluorenyl group, -   (21) a pyrazolyl group, -   (22) a pyridazinyl group, -   (23) an indolinyl group, -   (24) a thieno[2,3-b]pyridyl group, -   (25) a thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidinyl group, -   (26) a thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidinyl group, -   (27) a 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridyl group, -   (28) an isoquinolyl group, -   (29) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxadinyl group, -   (30) a quinoxalinyl group, -   (31) a quinazolinyl group, -   (32) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolyl group, -   (33) a cycloalkyl lower alkyl group, -   (34) a lower alkylthio lower alkyl group, -   (35) an amino-substituted lower alkyl group optionally sustituted     with one or two lower alkyl groups on the amino group, -   (36) a phenoxy lower alkyl group, -   (37) a pyridyloxy lower alkyl group, -   (38) a lower alkynyl group, -   (39)*a phenyl lower alkenyl group, -   (40) a 1,3-benzodioxolyl group, -   (41) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxinyl group, -   (42) a 3,4-dihydro-1,5-benzodioxepinyl group, -   (43) a dihydropyridyl group, -   (44) a 1,2-dihydroquinolyl group, -   (45) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl group, -   (46) a benzoxazolyl group, -   (47) a benzoisothiazolyl group, -   (48) an indazolyl group, -   (49) a benzoimidazolyl group, -   (50) an imidazolyl group, -   (51) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl lower alkyl group, -   (52) an imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl lower alkyl group, -   (53) a thiazolyl lower alkyl group, -   (54) a tetrahydropyranyl lower alkyl group, -   (55) a piperidyl lower alkyl group, -   (56) a diphenyl lower alkoxy-substituted lower alkyl group, -   (57) a lower alkoxycarbonyl-substituted lower alkyl group, -   (58) a phenyl lower alkoxycarbonyl-substituted lower alkyl group, -   (59) a hydroxy-substituted lower alkyl group, -   (60) a lower alkoxy lower alkyl group, -   (61) a carboxy lower alkyl group, -   (62) a carbamoyl-substituted lower alkyl group optionally     substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the carbamoyl     group, -   (63) a lower alkenyl group, -   (64) a morpholinylcarbonyl lower alkyl group, -   (65) a benzoyl lower alkyl group, -   (66) a phenylthio lower alkyl group, -   (67) a naphthylthio lower alkyl group, -   (68) a cycloalkylthio lower alkyl group, -   (69) a pyridylthio lower alkyl group, -   (70) a pyrimidinylthio lower alkyl group, -   (71) a furylthio lower alkyl group, -   (72) a thienylthio lower alkyl group, -   (73) a 1,3,4-thiadiazolylthio lower alkyl group, -   (74) a benzimidazolylthio lower alkyl group, -   (75) a benzthiazolylthio lower alkyl group, -   (76) a tetrazolylthio lower alkyl group, -   (77) a benzoxazolylthio lower alkyl group, -   (78) a thiazolylthio lower alkyl group, -   (79) an imidazolylthio lower alkyl group, -   (80) an amino-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl group     optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the     amino group, -   (81) a phenyl-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl group, -   (82) a furyl-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl group, -   (83) a pyridyl-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl group, -   (84) a hydroxy-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl group, -   (85) a phenoxy-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl group, and -   (86) a lower alkoxycarbonyl-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl     group,     and each of the groups (1) to (32), (37), (39) to (56), (64) to     (79), (81) to (83) and (85) may have one or more substituents     selected from the following (1-1) to (1-37) on the cycloalkyl,     aromatic or heterocyclic ring: -   (1-1) halogen atoms, -   (1-2) lower alkylthio groups optionally substituted with one or more     halogen atoms, -   (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more     halogen atoms, -   (1-4) lower alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one or more     halogen atoms, -   (1-5) nitro group, -   (1-6) lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, -   (1-7) amino groups optionally substituted with one or two lower     alkyl groups, -   (1-8) lower alkylsulfonyl groups, -   (1-9) cyano group, -   (1-10) carboxy group, -   (1-11) hydroxy group, -   (1-12) thienyl groups, -   (1-13) oxazolyl groups, -   (1-14) naphthyl groups, -   (1-15) benzoyl group, -   (1-16) phenoxy groups optionally substituted with one to three     halogen atoms on the phenyl ring, -   (1-17) phenyl lower alkoxy groups, -   (1-18) lower alkanoyl groups, -   (1-19) phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with     one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of     halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, cyano group, lower alkanoyl     groups and lower alkyl groups, -   (1-20) phenyl lower alkyl groups, -   (1-21) cyano lower alkyl groups, -   (1-22) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group-substituted     sulfonyl groups, the heterocyclic group containing on the     heterocyclic ring one or two heteroatoms selected from the group     consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, -   (1-23) thiazolyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower     alkyl groups on the thiazole ring, -   (1-24) imidazolyl groups, -   (1-25) amino lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or     two lower alkyl groups on the amino group, -   (1-26) pyrrolidinyl lower alkoxy groups, -   (1-27) isoxazolyl groups, -   (1-28) cycloalkylcarbonyl groups, -   (1-29) naphthyloxy groups, -   (1-30) pyridyl groups, -   (1-31) furyl groups, -   (1-32) phenylthio group, -   (1-33) oxo group, -   (1-34) carbamoyl group, -   (1-35) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic groups containing one     or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen,     oxygen and sulfur, the heterocyclic group optionally being     substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group     consisting of oxo group; lower alkyl groups; lower alkanoyl groups;     phenyl lower alkyl groups; phenyl groups optionally substituted on     the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group     consisting of halogen atoms and lower alkoxy groups; and pyridyl     groups, -   (1-36) oxido group and -   (1-37) lower alkoxido groups, -   with the proviso that R¹⁰¹ and R¹⁰² are not simultaneously     unsubstituted phenyl.

Item 2. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to Item 1, wherein

-   R¹⁰¹ is -   (1) a phenyl group, -   (3) a benzothienyl group, -   (4) an indolyl group, -   (5) a 2,3-dihydro-1H-indenyl group, -   (6) a naphthyl group, -   (7) a benzofuryl group, -   (8) a quinolyl group, -   (12) a benzothiazolyl group, -   (18) a 2,4-dihydro-1,3-benzodioxinyl group, -   (19) a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuryl group, -   (20) a 9H-fluorenyl group, -   (23) an indolinyl group, -   (28) an isoquinolyl group, -   (29) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxadinyl group, -   (30) a quinoxalinyl group, -   (31) a quinazolinyl group, -   (32) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolyl group, -   (40) a 1,3-benzodioxolyl group, -   (41) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxinyl group, -   (42) a 3,4-dihydro-1,5-benzodioxepinyl group, -   (44) a 1,2-dihydroquinolyl group, -   (45) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl group, -   (46) a benzoxazolyl group, -   (47) a benzoisothiazolyl group, -   (48) an indazolyl group or -   (49) a benzoimidazolyl group, -   and each of which may have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one     to three substituents selected from the groups (1-1) to (1-37) as     defined in Item 1.

Item 3. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to Item 2, wherein

-   R¹⁰¹ is -   (1) a phenyl group or -   (3) a benzothienyl group, -   and each of which may have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one     to three substituents selected from the group consisting of (1-1)     halogen atoms and (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted     with one to three halogen atoms.

Item 4. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to Item 3, wherein

-   R¹⁰¹ is -   (1) a phenyl group, -   (2) a pyridyl group, -   (9) a thiazolyl group, -   (10) a pyrimidinyl group, -   (11) a pyrazinyl group -   (14) a thienyl group, -   (48) an indazolyl group, -   (59) a hydroxy-substituted lower alkyl group or -   (60) a lower alkoxy lower alkyl group, -   and each of the groups (1), (2), (9), (10), (11), (14) and (48) may     have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one to three substituents     selected from the groups (1-1) to (1-37) as defined in Item 1.

Item 5. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to Item 4, wherein

-   R¹⁰¹ is -   a monohalophenyl group, a dihalophenyl group or a phenyl group     substituted with one halogen atom and one lower alkyl group, -   R¹⁰² is -   (1) a phenyl group, -   (2) a pyridyl group, -   (9) a thiazolyl group, -   (10) a pyrimidinyl group, -   (11) a pyrazinyl group, -   (14) a thienyl group, -   (48) an indazolyl group, -   (59) a hydroxy-substituted lower alkyl group or -   (60) a lower alkoxy lower alkyl group, -   and each of the groups (1), (2), (9), (10), (11), (14) and (48) may     have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one or two substituents     selected from the group consisting of (1-1) halogen atoms, (1-3)     lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen     atoms, and (1-9) cyano group.

Item 6. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to Item 5 selected from the group consisting of:

-   (4-chlorophenyl)phenyl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (4-fluorophenyl)phenyl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3,4-difluorophenyl)phenyl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine,     bis-(4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3,4-difluorophenyl)-(4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl-p-tolylamine, -   4-[(S)-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]-benzonitrile, -   bis-(3-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, -   (4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, -   (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, -   (3,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrimidin-5-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrazin-2-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-3-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3,4-dichlorophenyl)pyridin-3-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiophen-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   2-[(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]ethanol, -   1-[(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]-2-methyl-propan-2-ol, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(2-methoxyethyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   3-[(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]-propan-1-ol, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-methoxypropyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine,

benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiophen-3-ylamine, and

-   benzo[b]thiophen-5-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiophen-3-ylamine.

Item 7. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to Item 1 as an active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Item 8. A prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent for disorders caused by reduced neurotransmission of serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine, comprising as an active ingredient a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to Item 1.

Item 9. A prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent according to Item 8, wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of hypertension; depression; anxiety disorders; fear; posttraumatic stress syndrome; acute stress syndrome; avoidant personality disorders; body dysmorphic disorder; precocious ejaculation; eating disorders; obesity; chemical dependencies to alcohol, cocaine, heroin, phenobarbital, nicotine and benzodiazepines; cluster headache; migraine; pain disorder; Alzheimer's disease; obsessive-compulsive disorders; panic disorders; memory disorders; Parkinson's disease; endocrine disorders; vascular spasm; cerebellar ataxia; gastrointestinal tract disorders; negative syndrome of schizophrenia; premenstrual syndrome; fibromyalgia syndrome; stress incontinence; Tourette's syndrome; trichotillomania; kleptomania; male impotence; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); chronic paroxysmal hemicrania; chronic fatigue; cataplexy; sleep apnea syndrome and headache.

Item 10. A prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent according to Item 8, wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of:

-   depressions selected from the group consisting of major depression;     bipolar 1 disorder; bipolar 2 disorder; mixed episode; dysthymic     disorders; rapid cycler; atypical depression; seasonal affective     disorders; postpartum depression; minor depression; recurrent brief     depressive disorder; intractable depression/chronic depression;     double depression; alcohol-induced mood disorders; mixed anxiety &     depressive disorders; depressions induced by various physical     disorders selected from the group consisting of Cushing's disease,     hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism syndrome, Addison's disease,     amenorrhea and lactation syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's     disease, intracerebral bleeding, diabetes, chronic fatigue syndrome     and cancers; depression of the middle-aged; senile depression;     depression of children and adolescents; depression induced by     interferons; depression induced by adjustment disorder; and     anxieties selected from the group consisting of anxiety induced by     adjustment disorder and anxiety induced by neuropathy selected from     the group consisting of head trauma, brain infection and inner ear     injury.

Item 11. Use of a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to any one of Items 1 to 6 as a drug.

Item 12. Use of a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to any one of Items 1 to 6 as a serotonin reuptake inhibitor and/or a norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and/or a dopamine reuptake inhibitor.

Item 13. A method for treating or preventing disorders caused by reduced neurotransmission of serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine, comprising administering a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to any one of Items 1 to 6 to human or animal.

Item 14. A process for producing a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1):

or a salt thereof, wherein R¹⁰¹ and R¹⁰² are defined above in Item 1,

-   -   the process comprising     -   (1) subjecting a compound of General Formula (2)

wherein R¹⁰¹ and R¹⁰² are as defined above in Item 1, and R¹¹² is an amino-protecting group to an elimination reaction to remove the amino protecting group.

Preferred embodiments of the pyrrolidine compound (1) include compounds represented by General Formula (1)

and salts thereof,

-   wherein R¹⁰¹ is -   (1) a phenyl group, -   (3) a benzothienyl group, -   (4) an indolyl group, -   (5) a 2,3-dihydro-1H-indenyl group, -   (6) a naphthyl group, -   (7) a benzofuryl group, -   (8) a quinolyl group, -   (12) a benzothiazolyl group, -   (18) a 2,4-dihydro-1,3-benzodioxinyl group, -   (19) a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuryl group, -   (20) a 9H-fluorenyl group, -   (23) an indolinyl group, -   (28) an isoquinolyl group, -   (29) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxadinyl group, -   (30) a quinoxalinyl group, -   (31) a quinazolinyl group, -   (32) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolyl group, -   (40) a 1,3-benzodioxolyl group, -   (41) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxinyl group, -   (42) a 3,4-dihydro-1,5-benzodioxepinyl group, -   (44) a 1,2-dihydroquinolyl group, -   (45) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl group, -   (46) a benzoxazolyl group, -   (47) a benzoisothiazolyl group, -   (48) an indazolyl group or -   (49) a benzoimidazolyl group,     and each of which may have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one     to five (preferably one to three) substituents selected from the     following (1-1) to (1-37): -   (1-1) halogen atoms, -   (1-2) lower alkylthio groups optionally substituted with one or more     (preferably one to three) halogen atoms, -   (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more     (preferably one to three) halogen atoms, -   (1-4) lower alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one or more     (preferably one to four) halogen atoms, -   (1-5) nitro group, -   (1-6) lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, -   (1-7) amino groups optionally substituted with one or two lower     alkyl groups, -   (1-8) lower alkylsulfonyl groups, -   (1-9) cyano group, -   (1-10) carboxy group, -   (1-11) hydroxy group, -   (1-12) thienyl groups, -   (1-13) oxazolyl groups, -   (1-14) naphthyl groups, -   (1-15) benzoyl group, -   (1-16) phenoxy groups optionally substituted with one to three     halogen atoms on phenyl ring, -   (1-17) phenyl lower alkoxy groups, -   (1-18) lower alkanoyl groups, -   (1-19) phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with     one to five (preferably one to three) substituents selected from the     group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, cyano group,     lower alkanoyl groups and lower alkyl groups, -   (1-20) phenyl lower alkyl groups, -   (1-21) cyano lower alkyl groups, -   (1-22) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group-substituted     sulfonyl groups, the heterocyclic group containing on the     heterocyclic ring one or two nitrogen atoms (preferably     piperidylsulfonyl), -   (1-23) thiazolyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower     alkyl groups on the thiazole ring, -   (1-24) imidazolyl groups, -   (1-25) amino lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or     two lower alkyl groups on the amino group, -   (1-26) pyrrolidinyl lower alkoxy groups, -   (1-27) isoxazolyl groups, -   (1-28) cycloalkylcarbonyl groups, -   (1-29) naphthyloxy groups, -   (1-30) pyridyl groups, -   (1-31) furyl groups, -   (1-32) phenylthio group, -   (1-33) oxo group, -   (1-34) carbamoyl group, -   (1-35) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic groups containing one     or two nitrogen atoms (preferably pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl or     piperidyl), the heterocyclic group optionally being substituted with     one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of oxo     group; lower alkyl groups; lower alkanoyl, groups; phenyl lower     alkyl groups; phenyl groups optionally substituted with one to three     members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and     lower alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups, -   (1-36) oxido group and -   (1-37) lower alkoxido groups, -   with the proviso that R¹⁰¹ and R¹⁰² are not simultaneously     unsubstituted phenyl.

More preferred embodiments of the pyrrolidine compound

-   (1) include compounds represented by General Formula (1)

and salts thereof,

-   wherein R¹⁰¹ is -   (1) a phenyl group or -   (3) a benzothienyl group, -   and each of which may have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one     or two substituents selected from the group consisting of (1-1)     halogen atoms and (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted     with one to three halogen atoms, and R¹⁰² is -   (1) a phenyl group, -   (2) a pyridyl group, -   (3) a benzothienyl group, -   (4) an indolyl group, -   (5) a 2,3-dihydro-1H-indenyl group, -   (6) a naphthyl group, -   (7) a benzofuryl group, -   (8) a quinolyl group, -   (9) a thiazolyl group, -   (10) a pyrimidinyl group, -   (11) a pyrazinyl group, -   (12) a benzothiazolyl group, -   (13) a thieno[3,2-b]pyridyl group, -   (14) a thienyl group, -   (15) a cycloalkyl group, -   (16) a tetrahydropyranyl group, -   (17) a pyrrolyl group, -   (18) a 2,4-dihydro-1,3-benzodioxinyl group, -   (19) a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuryl group, -   (20) a 9H-fluorenyl group, -   (21) a pyrazolyl group, -   (22) a pyridazinyl group, -   (23) an indolinyl group, -   (24) a thieno[2,3-b]pyridyl group, -   (25) a thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidinyl group, -   (26) a thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidinyl group, -   (27) a 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridyl group, -   (28) an isoquinolyl group, -   (29) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxadinyl group, -   (30) a quinoxalinyl group, -   (31) a quinazolinyl group, -   (32) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolyl group, -   (40) a 1,3-benzodioxolyl group, -   (41) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxinyl group, -   (42) a 3,4-dihydro-1,5-benzodioxepinyl group, -   (43) a dihydropyridyl group, -   (44) a 1,2-dihydroquinolyl group, -   (45) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl group, -   (46) a benzoxazolyl group, -   (47) a benzoisothiazolyl group, -   (48) an indazolyl group, -   (49) a benzoimidazolyl group, -   (50) an imidazolyl group, -   (59) a hydroxy-substituted lower alkyl group or -   (60) a lower alkoxy lower alkyl group     and each of groups (1) to (50) may have on the aromatic or     heterocyclic ring one to five (preferably one to three) substituents     selected from the following (1-1) to (1-37): -   (1-1) halogen atoms, -   (1-2) lower alkylthio groups optionally substituted with one or more     (preferably one to three) halogen atoms, -   (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more     (preferably one to three) halogen atoms, -   (1-4) lower alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one or more     (preferably one to four) halogen atoms, -   (1-5) nitro group, -   (1-6) lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, -   (1-7) amino groups optionally substituted with one or two lower     alkyl groups, -   (1-8) lower alkylsulfonyl groups, -   (1-9) cyano group, -   (1-10) carboxy group, -   (1-11) hydroxy group, -   (1-12) thienyl groups, -   (1-13) oxazolyl groups, -   (1-14) naphthyl groups, -   (1-15) benzoyl group, -   (1-16) phenoxy groups optionally substituted with one to three     halogen atoms on phenyl ring, -   (1-17) phenyl lower alkoxy groups, -   (1-18) lower alkanoyl groups, -   (1-19) phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with     one to five (preferably one to three) substituents selected from the     group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, cyano group,     lower alkanoyl groups and lower alkyl groups, -   (1-20) phenyl lower alkyl groups, -   (1-21) cyano lower alkyl groups, -   (1-22) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group-substituted     sulfonyl groups, the heterocyclic group containing on the     heterocyclic ring one or two nitrogen atoms (preferably     piperidylsulfonyl), -   (1-23) thiazolyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower     alkyl groups on the thiazole ring, -   (1-24) imidazolyl groups, -   (1-25) amino lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or     two lower alkyl groups on the amino group, -   (1-26) pyrrolidinyl lower alkoxy groups, -   (1-27) isoxazolyl groups, -   (1-28) cycloalkylcarbonyl groups, -   (1-29) naphthyloxy groups, -   (1-30) pyridyl groups, -   (1-31) furyl groups, -   (1-32) phenylthio group, -   (1-33) oxo group, -   (1-34) carbamoyl group, -   (1-35) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic groups containing one     or two nitrogen atoms (preferably pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl or     piperidyl), the heterocyclic group optionally being substituted with     one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of oxo     group; lower alkyl groups; lower alkanoyl groups; phenyl lower alkyl     groups; phenyl groups optionally substituted with one to three     embers selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and lower     alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups, -   (1-36) oxido group and -   (1-37) lower alkoxido groups, -   with the proviso that R¹⁰¹ and R¹⁰² are not simultaneously     unsubstituted phenyl.

Particularly preferred embodiments of the pyrrolidine compound (1) include compounds represented by General Formula (1)

-   and salts thereof, -   wherein R¹⁰¹ is -   (1) a phenyl group substituted on the phenyl ring with one or two     substituents selected from the group consisting of (1-1) halogen     atoms and (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one     to three halogen atoms, and -   R¹⁰² is -   (1) a phenyl group, -   (2) a pyridyl group, -   (9) a thiazolyl group, -   (10) a pyrimidinyl group, -   (11) a pyrazinyl group, -   (14) a thienylgroup, -   (48) an indazolyl group, -   (59) a hydroxy-substituted lower alkyl group or -   (60) a lower alkoxy lower alkyl group, -   and each of the groups (1), (2), (9), (10), (11), (14) and (48) may     have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one or two substituents     selected from the group consisting of -   (1-1) halogen atoms, -   (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one to three     halogen atoms and -   (1-9) cyano group.

Examples of particularly preferable pyrrolidine compounds of the present invention are as follows:

-   (4-chlorophenyl)phenyl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (4-fluorophenyl)phenyl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3,4-difluorophenyl)phenyl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine,     bis-(4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3,4-difluorophenyl)-(4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl-p-tolylamine, -   4-[(S)-(4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]-benzonitrile, -   bis-(3-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-5)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, -   (4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, -   (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, -   (3,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrimidin-5-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrazin-2-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-3-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3,4-dichlorophenyl)pyridin-3-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiophen-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   2-[(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]ethanol, -   1-[(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]-2-methyl-propan-2-ol, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(2-methoxyethyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   3-[(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrrolidin-3-ylamino]-propan-1-ol, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-methoxypropyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, -   benzo[b]thiophen-6-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiophen-3-ylamine, and -   benzo[b]thiophen-5-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiophen-3-ylamine.

Specific examples of groups in General Formula (1) are as follows.

Examples of halogen atoms include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine.

Examples of lower alkylthio groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms include straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio groups optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms, such as methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio, n-butylthio, isobutylthio, tert-butylthio, sec-butylthio, n-pentylthio, isopentylthio, neopentylthio, n-hexylthio, isohexylthio, 3-methylpenthylthio, trifluoromethylthio, trichloromethylthio, chloromethylthio, bromomethylthio, fluoromethylthio, iodomethylthio, difluoromethylthio, dibromomethylthio, 2-chloroethylthio, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylthio, 2,2,2-trichloroethylthio, 3-chloropropylthio, 2,3-dichloropropylthio, 4,4,4-trichlorobutylthio, 4-fluorobutylthio, 5-chloropentylthio, 3-chloro-2-methylpropylthio, 5-bromohexylthio, 5,6-dibromohexylthio, etc.

Examples of lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms include straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups optionally substituted with one to four halogen atoms, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 3-methylpentyl, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, chloromethyl, bromomethyl, fluoromethyl, iodomethyl, difluoromethyl, dibromomethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, 3-chloropropyl, 2,3-dichloropropyl, 4,4,4-trichlorobutyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 5-chloropentyl, 3-chloro-2-methylpropyl, 5-bromohexyl, 5,6-dibromohexyl, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms include straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one to four halogen atoms, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, sec-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, isopentyloxy, neopentyloxy, n-hexyloxy, isohexyloxy, 3-methylpentyloxy, trifluoromethoxy, trichloromethoxy, chloromethoxy, bromomethoxy, fluoromethoxy, iodomethoxy, difluoromethoxy, dibromomethoxy, 2-chloroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxy, 3-chloropropoxy, 2,3-dichloropropoxy, 4,4,4-trichlorobutoxy, 4-fluorobutoxy, 5-chloropentyloxy, 3-chloro-2-methylpropoxy, 5-bromohexyloxy, 5,6-dibromohexyloxy, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy, etc.

Examples of lower alkoxycarbonyl groups include alkoxycarbonyl groups wherein the alkoxy moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy group, such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, n-propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, n-butoxycarbonyl, isobutoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, sec-butoxycarbonyl, n-pentyloxycarbonyl, neopentyloxycarbonyl, n-hexyloxycarbonyl, isohexyloxycarbonyl, 3-methylpentyloxycarbonyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkyl groups include straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, sec-butyl, n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl, n-hexyl, isohexyl, 3-methylpentyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkanoyl groups include a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkanoyl group such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, pentanoyl, tert-butylcarbonyl, hexanoyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkylsulfonyl groups include straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl sulfonyl groups, such as methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, n-propylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, n-butylsulfonyl, isobutylsulfonyl, tert-butylsulfonyl, sec-butylsulfonyl, n-pentylsulfonyl, isopentylsulfonyl, neopentylsulfonyl, n-hexylsulfonyl, isohexylsulfonyl, 3-methylpentylsulfonyl, etc.

Examples of phenoxy groups optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms on the phenyl ring include phenoxy, 2-fluorophenoxy, 3-fluorophenoxy, 4-fluorophenoxy, 2-chlorophenoxy, 3-chlorophenoxy, 4-chlorophenoxy, 2-bromophenoxy, 3-bromophenoxy, 4-bromophenoxy, 2-iodophenoxy, 3-iodophenoxy, 4-iodophenoxy, 2,3-difluorophenoxy, 3,4-difluorophenoxy, 3,5-difluorophenoxy, 2,4-difluorophenoxy, 2,6-difluorophenoxy, 2,3-dichlorophenoxy, 3,4-dichlorophenoxy, 3,5-dichlorophenoxy, 2,4-dichlorophenoxy, 2,6-dichlorophenoxy, 3,4,5-trifluorophenoxy, 3,4,5-trichlorophenoxy, 2,4,6-trifluorophenoxy, 2,4,6-trichlorophenoxy, 2-fluoro-4-bromophenoxy, 4-chloro-3-fluorophenoxy, 2,3,4-trichlorophenoxy, etc.

Examples of phenyl lower alkoxy groups include phenylalkoxy groups wherein the alkoxy moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy group, such as benzyloxy, 2-phenylethoxy, 1-phenylethoxy, 3-phenylpropoxy, 4-phenylbutoxy, 5-phenylpentyloxy, 6-phenylhexyloxy, 1,1-dimethyl-2-phenylethoxy, 2-methyl-3-phenylpropoxy, etc.

Examples of phenyl lower alkyl groups include phenylalkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group, such as benzyl, 1-phenethyl, 2-phenethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 2-phenylpropyl, 4-phenylbutyl, 5-phenylpentyl, 4-phenylpentyl, 6-phenylhexyl, 2-methyl-3-phenylpropyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-phenylethyl, etc.

Examples of cyano lower alkyl groups include cyanoalkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group, such as cyanomethyl, 2-cyanoethyl, 1-cyanoethyl, 3-cyanopropyl, 4-cyanobutyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-cyanoethyl, 5-cyanopentyl, 6-cyanohexyl, 1-cyanoisopropyl, 2-methyl-3-cyanopropyl, etc.

Examples of thiazolyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the thiazole ring include thiazolyl groups optionally substituted with one or two straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups on the thiazole ring, such as (2-, 4-, or 5-)thiazolyl, 2-methyl-(4-, or 5-)thiazolyl, 4-methyl-(2- or 5-)thiazolyl, 2-ethyl-(4- or 5-)thiazolyl, 4-n-propyl-(2- or 5-)thiazolyl, 5-n-butyl-(2- or 4-)thiazolyl, 2-n-pentyl-(4- or 5-) thiazolyl, 4-n-hexyl-(2- or 5-)thiazolyl, 2,4-dimethyl-5-thiazolyl, etc.

Examples of amino lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on an amino group include aminoalkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group and which are optionally substituted on an amino group with one or two straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups; such as aminomethyl, 2-aminoethyl, 1-aminoethyl, 3-aminopropyl, 4-aminobutyl, 5-aminopentyl, 6-aminohexyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-aminoethyl, 2-methyl-3-aminopropyl, methylaminomethyl, 2-ethylaminoethyl, 3-propylaminopropyl, 3-isopropylaminopropyl, 4-butylaminobutyl, 5-pentylaminopentyl, 6-hexylaminohexyl, 2-dimethylaminoethyl, 2-diisopropylaminopropyl, 3-dimethylaminopropyl, diisopropylaminomethyl, 3-diisopropylaminopropyl, (N-ethyl-N-propylamino)methyl, 2-(N-methyl-N-hexylamino)methyl, etc.

Examples of pyrrolidinyl lower alkoxy groups include pyrrolidinyl alkoxy groups wherein the alkoxy moiety is a straight or branched alkoxy group, such as (1-, 2-, or 3-) pyrrolydinyl methoxy, 2-[(1-, 2-, or 3-)pyrrolydinyl]ethoxy, 1-[(1-, 2-, or 3-)pyrrolydinyl]ethoxy, 3-[(1-, 2-, or 3-) pyrrolydinyl]propoxy, 4-[(1-, 2-, or 3-)pyrrolydinyl]butoxy, 5-[(1-, 2-, or 3-)pyrrolydinyl]pentyloxy, 6-[(1-, 2-, or 3-) pyrrolydinyl]hexyloxy, 1,1-dimethyl-2-[(1-, 2-, or 3-) pyrrolydinyl]ethoxy, 2-methyl-3-[(1-, 2-, or 3-) pyrrolydinyl]propoxy, etc.

Examples of cycloalkyl groups include C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl groups, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, cyclooctyl, etc.

Examples of cycloalkylcarbonyl groups include cycloalkylcarbonyl groups wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is a C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl group, such as cyclopropylcarbonyl, cyclobutylcarbonyl, cyclopentylcarbonyl, cyclohexylcarbonyl, cycloheptylcarbonyl, cyclooctylcarbonyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkoxy groups include straight or branched C₁₋₆alkoxy groups, such as methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, isobutoxy, tert-butoxy, sec-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, isopentyloxy, neopentyloxy, n-hexyloxy, isohexyloxy, 3-methylpentyloxy, etc.

Examples of lower alkylthio groups include straight or branched C₁₋₆alkylthio groups such as methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, isopropylthio, n-butylthio, isobutylthio, tert-butylthio, sec-butylthio, n-pentylthio, isopentylthio, neopentylthio, n-hexylthio, isohexylthio, 3-methylpentylthio, etc.

Examples of phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and lower alkoxy groups include phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy groups, such as phenyl, 2-methoxyphenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 4-methoxylphenyl, 2-ethoxyphenyl, 3-ethoxyphenyl, 4-ethoxyphenyl, 4-isopropoxyphenyl, 3-butoxyphenyl, 4-pentyloxyphenyl, 4-hexyloxyphenyl, 3,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 3,4-diethoxyphenyl, 2,4-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 2,6-dimethoxyphenyl, 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl, 2-methoxy-4-fluorophenyl, 4-fluorophenyl, 2,5-difluorophenyl, 2,4-difluorophenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,5-difluorophenyl, 2,6-difluorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 2,4-dichlorophenyl, 2,5-dichlorophenyl, 3,4-dichlorophenyl, 2,6-dichlorophenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 2-fluorophenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 4-iodophenyl, 2-bromophenyl, 4-bromophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 2,4,6-trifluorophenyl, 2-chlorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 4-chlorophenyl, 2-iodophenyl, 3-iodophenyl, 2,3-dibromophenyl, 2,4-diiodophenyl, 2,4,6-trichlorophenyl, etc.

Examples of 5- to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic groups containing on the heterocyclic ring one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur include pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, morpholino, thiomorpholino, homopiperazinyl, homopiperidinyl, imidazolidinyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl and pyrazolidinyl.

Examples of the above-mentioned heterocyclic groups substituted with one to three members selected from the group consisting of oxo group; lower alkyl groups; lower alkanoyl groups; phenyl lower alkyl groups; phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and lower alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups:

include the above-mentioned heterocyclic groups substituted with one to three members selected from the group consisting of oxo groups; straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups; straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkanoyl groups; phenyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group; phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and straight or branched C₁₋₉ alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups;

such as 2-oxo-(1-, 3-, 4-, or 5-)pyrrolidinyl, 2-oxo-(1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-)piperazinyl, 4-methyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-) piperazinyl, 4-acetyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-ethyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 2-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-) pyrrolidinyl, 2-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-)piperidinyl, 2,4-dimethyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-)piperidinyl, 3-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-)pyrrolidinyl, 2,3,4-trimethyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-)piperazinyl, 4-acetyl-3-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-) piperazinyl, 3-methyl-(2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-)morpholino, 2-acetyl-(2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-)morpholino, 4-(2-phenylethyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(1-, 2-, 3-, or 4-)piperazinyl, 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-(2-chlorophenyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-[(2-, 3-, or 4-)pyridyl]-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-phenyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-) piperazinyl, 4-benzyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperidinyl, 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)morpholino, 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-)pyrrolidinyl, 4-(2-chlorophenyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperidinyl, 4-[(2-, 3-, or 4-)pyridyl]-(1-, 2-, or 3-) piperidinyl, 4-phenyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-) piperidinyl, 4-phenyl-3-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-) piperazinyl, 4-[(2-, 3-, or 4-)pyridyl]-2-acetyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-)piperazinyl, etc.

Examples of cycloalkyl lower alkyl groups include cycloalkyl alkyl groups wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is a C₃₋₉ cycloalkyl group and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group, such as cyclopropylmethyl, cyclohexylmethyl, 2-cyclopropylethyl, 1-cyclobutylethyl, cyclopentylmethyl, 3-cyclopentylpropyl, 4-cyclohexylbutyl, 5-cycloheptylpentyl, 6-cyclooctylhexyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-cyclohexylethyl, 2-methyl-3-cyclopropylpropyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups include alkylthioalkyl groups wherein the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group, such as methylthiomethyl, 2-methylthioethyl, 1-ethylthioethyl, 2-ethylthioethyl, 3-n-butylthiopropyl; 4-n-propylthiobutyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-n-pentylthioethyl, 5-n-hexylthiopentyl, 6-methylthiohexyl, 1-ethylthioisopropyl, 2-methyl-3-methylthiopropyl, etc.

Examples of phenoxy lower alkyl groups include phenoxy alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group, such as phenoxymethyl, 1-phenoxyethyl, 2-phenoxyethyl, 3-phenoxypropyl, 2-phenoxypropyl, 4-phenoxybutyl, 5-phenoxypentyl, 4-phenoxypentyl, 6-phenoxyhexyl, 2-methyl-3-phenoxypropyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-phenoxyethyl, etc.

Examples of pyridyloxy lower alkyl groups include pyridyloxyalkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group, such as [2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]methyl, 1-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]ethyl, 2-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]ethyl, 3-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]propyl, 2-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]propyl, 4-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]butyl, 5-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]pentyl, 4-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]pentyl, 6-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]hexyl, 2-methyl-3-[2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]propyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-[(2-, 3-, or 4-]pyridyloxy]ethyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkynyl groups include C₂₋₆ straight or branched alkynyl groups, such as ethynyl, (1- or 2-) propynyl, 1-methyl-(1- or 2-)propynyl, 1-ethyl-(1- or 2-)propynyl, (1-, 2- or 3-)butynyl and (1-, 2-, 3- or 4-)pentynyl, (1-, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-)hexynyl, etc.

Examples of phenyl lower alkenyl groups include phenylalkenyl groups containing one to three double bonds wherein the alkenyl moiety is a straight or branched C₂₋₆ alkenyl group, such as styryl, 3-phenyl-2-propenyl (trivial name: cinnamyl), 4-phenyl-2-butenyl, 4-phenyl-3-butenyl, 5-phenyl-4-pentenyl, 5-phenyl-3-pentenyl, 6-phenyl-5-hexenyl, 6-phenyl-4-hexenyl, 6-phenyl-3-hexenyl, 4-phenyl-1,3-butadienyl, 6-phenyl-1,3,5-hexatrienyl, etc.

Examples of cycloalkyl lower alkyl groups include cycloalkyl alkyl groups wherein the cycloalkyl moiety is a C₃₋₈ cycloalkyl group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups include alkylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of amino-substituted lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the amino group include amino-substituted alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups on the amino group wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of phenoxy lower alkyl groups include phenoxy alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of pyridyloxy lower alkyl groups include pyridyloxy alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl lower alkyl groups include 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl lower alkyl groups include imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of thiazolyl lower alkyl groups include thiazolyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of tetrahydropyranyl lower alkyl groups include tetrahydropyranyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of piperidyl lower alkyl groups include piperidyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of diphenyl lower alkoxy-substituted lower alkyl groups include diphenyl alkoxy-substituted alkyl groups wherein the alkoxy moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of lower alkoxycarbonyl-substituted lower alkyl groups include alkoxycarbonyl-substituted alkyl groups wherein the alkoxy moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of phenyl lower alkoxycarbonyl-substituted lower alkyl groups include phenyl alkoxycarbonyl-substituted alkyl groups wherein the alkoxy moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of hydroxy-substituted lower alkyl groups include hydroxy-substituted alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above having 1 to 3 hydroxy groups, such as hydroxymethyl, 1-hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 3,4-dihydroxybutyl, 5-hydroxypentyl, 4-hydroxypentyl, 6-hydroxyhexyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-hydroxypropyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl, 2,3,4-trihydroxybutyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkoxy lower alkyl groups include alkoxy alkyl groups wherein the alkoxy moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above, such as methoxymethyl, 1-methoxyethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, 2-ethoxypropyl, 3-methoxypropyl, 3-ethoxypropyl, 3-propoxypropyl, 4-methoxybutyl, 3-methoxybutyl, 5-methoxypentyl, 4-ethoxypentyl, 6-methoxyhexyl, 2,2-dimethyl-3-methoxypropyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-methoxyethyl etc.

Examples of carboxy lower alkyl groups include carboxy alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of carbamoyl-substituted lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the carbamoyl group include carbamoyl-substituted alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups on the carbamoyl group wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of morpholinylcarbonyl lower alkyl groups include morpholinylcarbonyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of benzoyl lower alkyl groups include benzoyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of phenylthio lower alkyl groups include phenylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of naphthylthio lower alkyl groups include naphthylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of cycloalkylthio lower alkyl groups include cycloalkylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of pyridylthio lower alkyl groups include pyridylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of pyrimidinylthio lower alkyl groups include pyrimidinylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of furylthio lower alkyl groups include furylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of thienylthio lower alkyl groups include thienylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of 1,3,4-thiadiazolylthio lower alkyl groups include 1,3,4-thiadiazolylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of benzimidazolylthio lower alkyl groups include benzimidazolylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above. Examples of benzthiazolylthio lower alkyl groups include benzthiazolylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of tetrazolylthio lower alkyl groups include tetrazolylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of benzoxazolylthio lower alkyl groups include benzoxazolylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of thiazolylthio lower alkyl groups include thiazolylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of imidazolylthio lower alkyl groups include imidazolylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of amino-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the amino group include amino-substituted alkylthio alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups on the amino group wherein the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of phenyl-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups include phenyl-substituted alkylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of furyl-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups include furyl-substituted alkylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of pyridyl-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups include pyridyl-substituted alkylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of hydroxy-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups include hydroxy-substituted alkylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of phenoxy-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups include phenoxy-substituted alkylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of lower alkoxycarbonyl-substituted lower alkylthio lower alkyl groups include alkoxycarbonyl-substituted alkylthio alkyl groups wherein the alkoxy moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆alkoxy group as defined above, the alkylthio moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkylthio group as defined above and the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group as defined above.

Examples of lower alkenyl groups include straight or branched C₂₋₆ alkenyl groups, such as vinyl, 1-propenyl, allyl, 1-methylallyl, (1-, 2- or 3-)butenyl, (1-, 2-, 3- or 4-)pentenyl and (1-, 2-, 3-, 4- or 5-)hexenyl.

Examples of dihydropyridyl groups include 1,2-dihydropyridyl, 3,4-dihydropyridyl and the like.

Examples of 5- to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group-substituted sulfonyl groups, the heterocyclic group containing one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, include pyrrolidinyl-sulfonyl, piperazinylsulfonyl, piperidinylsulfonyl, morpholino-sulfonyl, thiomorpholinosulfonyl, homopiperazinylsulfonyl, homopiperidinylsulfonyl, imidazolidinylsulfonyl, thiazolidinyl-sulfonyl, isothiazolidinylsulfonyl, oxazolidinylsulfonyl, isoxazolidinylsulfonyl, isothiazolidinylsulfonyl, pyrazolidinyl-sulfonyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkoxido groups include straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxido groups, such as methoxido, ethoxido, etc.

The pyrrolidine compounds represented by General Formula (1) can be produced by various methods, and for example, by a method according to the following Reaction Scheme 1.

wherein R¹⁰¹ and R¹⁰² are as defined above, and R¹¹² is an amino-protecting group.

The pyrrolidine compound (1) can be prepared by subjecting a compound (2) to an elimination reaction to remove the amino-protecting group.

Examples of amino-protecting groups usable herein include lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, lower alkanoyl groups, aryloxy carbonyl groups, aryl-substituted lower alkyl groups, etc.

Examples of lower alkoxycarbonyl groups include straight or branched C₁₋₅ alkoxycarbonyl groups, such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, tert-butoxycarbonyl, pentyloxycarbonyl, hexyloxycarbonyl, etc.

Examples of lower alkanoyl groups include straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkanoyl groups, such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, pentanoyl, tert-butylcarbonyl, hexanoyl, etc.

Examples of aryloxycarbonyl groups include phenoxy carbonyl groups optionally substituted with one to three substituents; naphthyloxy carbonyl groups optionally substituted with one to three substituents; etc. Examples of substituents for aryl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 1-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl, 5,5,4-trihydroxypentyl, 5-hydroxypentyl, 6-hydroxyhexyl, 1-hydroxyisopropyl, 2-methyl-3-hydroxypropyl, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, chloromethyl, bromomethyl, fluoromethyl, iodomethyl, difluoromethyl, dibromomethyl, 2-cloroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, 3-chloropropyl, 2,3-dichloropropyl, 4,4,4-trichlorobutyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 5-chloropentyl, 3-chloro-2-methylpropyl, 5-bromohexyl, 5,6-dichlorohexyl, 3-hydroxy-2-chloropropyl, or like straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups optionally substituted with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and a hydroxyl group; methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, n-hexyloxy, hydroxymethoxy, 2-hydroxyethoxy, 1-hydroxyethoxy, 3-hydroxypropoxy, 2,3-dihydroxypropoxy, 4-hydroxybutoxy, 1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethoxy, 5,5,4-trihydroxypentyloxy, 5-hydroxypentyloxy, 6-hydroxyhexyloxy, 1-hydroxyisopropoxy, 2-methyl-3-hydroxypropoxy, trifluoromethoxy, trichloromethoxy, chloromethoxy, bromomethoxy, fluoromethoxy, iodomethoxy, difluoromethoxy, dibromomethoxy, 2-chloroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxy, 3-chloropropoxy, 2,3-dichloropropoxy, 4,4,4-trichlorobutoxy, 4-fluorobutoxy, 5-chloropentyloxy, 3-chloro-2-methylpropoxy, 5-bromohexyloxy; 5,6-dichlorohexyloxy, 3-hydroxy-2-chloropropoxy, or like straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and a hydroxyl group; halogen atoms such as fluorine, bromine, chlorine, and iodine; etc. When two or more substituents are present, the substituents may be the same or different.

Examples of aryl-substituted lower alkyl groups include benzyl, 2-phenylethyl, 1-phenylethyl, 3-phenylpropyl, 4-phenylbutyl, 5-phenylpentyl, 6-phenylhexyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-phenylethyl, 2-methyl-3-phenylpropyl, α-naphthylmethyl, β-naphthylmethyl, 2-(α-naphthyl)ethyl, 1-(β-naphthyl)ethyl, 3-α-naphthyl)propyl, 4-(β-naphthyl)butyl, 5-(α-naphthyl)pentyl, 6-(β-naphthyl)hexyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-(α-naphthyl)ethyl, 2-methyl-3-(β-naphthyl)propyl, like phenyl-substituted straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups optionally substituted with one to three substituents; or like naphtyl-substituted straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups optionally substituted with one to three substituents. Examples of substituents for aryl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, hydroxymethyl, 2-hydroxyethyl, 1-hydroxyethyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, 2,3-dihydroxypropyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, 1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethyl, 5,5,4-trihydroxypentyl, 5-hydroxypentyl, 6-hydroxyhexyl, 1-hydroxyisopropyl, 2-methyl-3-hydroxypropyl, trifluoromethyl, trichloromethyl, chloromethyl, bromomethyl, fluoromethyl, iodomethyl, difluoromethyl, dibromomethyl, 2-chloroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trichloroethyl, 3-chloropropyl, 2,3-dichloropropyl, 4,4,4-trichlorobutyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 5-chloropentyl, 3-chloro-2-methylpropyl, 5-bromohexyl, 5,6-dichlorohexyl, 3-hydroxy-2-chloropropyl, or like straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups optionally substituted with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and a hydroxyl group; methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, n-butoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, n-pentyloxy, n-hexyloxy, hydroxymethoxy, 2-hydroxyethoxy, 1-hydroxyethoxy, 3-hydroxypropoxy, 2,3-dihydroxypropoxy, 4-hydroxybutoxy, 1,1-dimethyl-2-hydroxyethoxy, 5,5,4-trihydroxypentyloxy, 5-hydroxypentyloxy, 6-hydroxyhexyloxy, 1-hydroxyisopropoxy, 2-methyl-3-hydroxypropoxy, trifluoromethoxy, trichloromethoxy, chloromethoxy, bromomethoxy, fluoromethoxy, iodomethoxy, difluoromethoxy, dibromomethoxy, 2-chloroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trichloroethoxy, 3-chloropropoxy, 2,3-dichloropropoxy, 4,4,4-trichlorobutoxy, 4-fluorobutoxy, 5-chloropentyloxy, 3-chloro-2-methylpropoxy, 5-bromohexyloxy, 5,6-dichlorohexyloxy, 3-hydroxy-2-chloropropoxy, or like straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and a hydroxyl group; halogen atoms such as fluorine, bromine, chlorine, and iodine; etc. When two or more substituents are present, the substituents may be the same or different.

The reaction for producing compound (1) from compound (2) is carried out in a suitable solvent or without solvent in the presence of an acid or basic compound. This reaction is referred to as “Reaction A” hereinafter.

Examples of useful solvents include water; lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, monoglyme and diglyme; aliphatic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid; esters such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate; halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane and carbon tetrachloride; amides such as N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and N-methylpyrolidone; dimethyl sulfoxide; hexamethylphosphoric triamide; and mixtures of such solvents.

Examples of useful acids include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrobromic acid; and organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid, trifluoroacetic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid.

Examples of useful basic compounds include carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate and potassium hydrogencarbonate; and metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide.

An acid or basic compound is usually used in an amount of at least about 1 mole, and preferably about 1 to about 10 moles, per mole of compound (2). However, an acid may also be used in a large excess relative to compound (2).

The reaction advantageously proceeds usually at about 0 to about 200° C., and preferably at about 0 to about 150° C., and usually finishes in about 10 minutes to about 30 hours.

When R¹¹² of compound (2) is an aryl-substituted lower alkyl group, it is also possible to produce compound (1) by the reduction of such compound (2).

The reduction reaction can be carried out, for example, by catalytic hydrogenation in a suitable solvent in the presence of a catalyst.

Examples of useful solvents include water; acetic acid; alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol; hydrocarbons such as n-hexane and cyclohexane; ethers such as dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether and ethylene glycol dimethyl ether; esters such as ethyl acetate and methyl acetate; aprotic polar solvents such as dimethylformamide; and mixtures of such solvents.

Examples of useful catalysts include palladium, palladium black, palladium carbon, platinum, platinum oxide, copper chromite, Raney nickel and mixtures thereof. A catalyst is preferably used in an amount of about 0.02 to about 1 times by weight of compound (2).

The reaction temperature for the reduction reaction is usually about −20 to about 100° C., and preferably about 0 to about 80° C., and the hydrogen pressure is usually from 1 to 10 atm. The reaction usually finishes in about 0.5 to about 20 hours.

When R¹¹² of compound (2) is an aryl-substituted lower alkyl group, compound (2) can be reacted to form compound (1) by steps of (i) treating compound (2) with a dealkylating agent in a suitable solvent; and (ii) heating the resulting compound in a suitable solvent.

The solvent for use in the reaction of step (i) may be the same as any solvent used for reaction (A).

Examples of useful dealkylating agents include formic esters such as 1-chloroethyl chloroformate, ethyl chloroformate and tert-butyl chloroformate. A dealkylating agent is usually used in an amount of at least about 1 mole of compound (2), and preferably about 1 mole to about 10 moles, per mole of compound (2).

The reaction advantageously proceeds usually at about 0 to about 150° C., and preferably at room temperature to about 100° C., and usually completes in about 1 to about 25 hours.

Examples of solvents for use in step (ii) include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and isopropanol. Heating is conducted usually at about 0 to about 150° C., and preferably at room temperature to about 100° C. for about 1 to about 10 hours.

The compound of General Formula (2) used as a starting material can be easily produced, for example, by the process shown by Reaction Scheme 2:

wherein R¹⁰¹, R¹⁰² and R¹¹² are the same as above.

The reaction of compound (3) with compound (4) is carried out, for example, without solvent or in a suitable solvent in the presence of a reducing agent.

For the reaction, compound (4) is usually used in an amount of at least about 1 mole per mole of compound (3), and preferably equivalent to a large excess relative to compound (3).

Examples of useful solvents include water; lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, tert-butanol and ethylene glycol; acetonitrile; aliphatic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, monoglyme and diglyme; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, dichloroethane and carbon tetrachloride; and mixtures of such solvents.

Examples of reducing agents include aliphatic acids such as formic acid; aliphatic acid alkali metal salts such as sodium formate; hydride reducing agents such as sodium boronhydride, sodium cyanoborohydride, sodium triacetoxyborohydride, aluminium lithium hydride or mixtures of such hydride reducing agents; catalytic hydrogenation reducing agents such as palladium black, palladium carbon, platinum oxide, platinum black and Raney nickel.

When an aliphatic acid or aliphatic acid alkali metal salt is used as a reducing agent, a suitable temperature is usually from room temperature to about 200° C., and preferably from about 50 to about 150° C. The reaction usually completes in about 10 minutes to about 10 hours. The aliphatic acid or aliphatic acid alkali metal salt is preferably used in a large excess relative to compound (3).

When a hydride reducing agent is used as a reducing agent, a suitable reaction temperature is usually from about −80 to about 100° C., and preferably about −80 to about 70° C. The reaction usually finishes in about 30 minutes to about 60 hours. The hydride reducing agent is usually used in an amount of about 1 to about 20 moles per mole of compound (3), and preferably about 1 to about 6 moles per mole of compound (3). Especially when aluminium lithium hydride is used as a hydride reducing agent, it is preferable to use ethers, such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, monoglyme and diglyme, and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene and xylene, or mixtures of such solvents as solvents. To the reaction system of the reaction may be added amine(s) such as trimethylamine, triethylamine and N-ethyldiisopropyl amine or molecular sieves such as molecular sieves of the type 3A (MS-3A) and molecular sieves of the type 4A (MS-4A).

When a catalytic hydrogenation reducing agent is used as a reducing agent, the reaction is usually carried out at about −30 to about 100° C., and preferably about 0 to about 60° C., in a hydrogen atmosphere of about atmospheric pressure to about 20 atm, and preferably about atmospheric pressure to about 10 atm, or in the presence of a hydrogen donor such as formic acid, ammonium formate, cyclohexene and hydrazine hydrate. The reaction usually finishes in about 1 to about 12 hours. The catalytic hydrogenation reducing agent is usually used in an amount of about 0.1 to about 40 wt %, and preferably about 1 to about 20 wt %, of compound (3).

-   wherein R¹⁰¹, R¹⁰² and R¹¹² are the same as above; R¹¹³ represents a     lower alkylsulfonyloxy group, a phenylsulfonyloxy group optionally     substituted on the phenyl ring with one or more lower alkyl groups,     or a halogen atom.

The lower alkylsulfonyloxy group is a group consisting of a C₁₋₆ alkyl group and a sulfonyloxy group, examples of which include methanesulfonyloxy, ethanesulfonyloxy, propanesulfonyloxy, butanesulfonyloxy, pentanesulfonyloxy and hexanesulfonyloxy.

Examples of phenylsulfonyloxy groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one or more lower alkyl groups are benzene sulfonyloxy groups which may be substituted with one to three straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups, such as benzenesulfonyloxy, o-toluenesulfonyloxy, m-toluenesulfonyloxy, p-toluenesulfonyloxy, 2-ethylbenzenesulfonyloxy, 3-ethylbenzenesulfonyloxy, 4-ethylbenzenesulfonyloxy, 2-propylbenzenesulfonyloxy, 3-propylbenzenesulfonyloxy, 4-propylbenzenesulfonyloxy, 2,3-dimethylbenzenesulfonyloxy, 2,4-dimethylbenzenesulfonyloxy and 2,4,6-trimethylbenzenesulfonyloxy.

Examples of halogen atoms include fluorine, bromine, chlorine and iodine atoms.

The reaction of compound (4) with compound (5) is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of a basic compound.

Examples of useful inert solvents include water; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, 2-methoxyethanol, monoglyme and diglyme; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride; lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, tert-butanol and ethylene glycol; aliphatic acids such as acetic acid; esters such as ethyl acetate and methyl acetate; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; acetonitrile, pyridine, N-methylpyrrolidone, dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide and hexamethyl phosphoramide; and mixtures of such solvents.

Examples of basic compounds include carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate and cesium carbonate; alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide; phosphates such as potassium phosphate and sodium phosphate; alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride and potassium hydride; alkali metals such as potassium and sodium; sodium amide; metal alcoholates such as sodium methylate, sodium ethylate and sodium n-butoxide, sodium tert-butoxide and potassium tert-butoxide; organic bases such as pyridine, imidazole, N-ethyldiisopropylamine, dimethylaminopyridine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, dimethylaniline, N-methylmorpholine, 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]nonene-5 (DEN), 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undecene-7 (DBU) and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO); and mixtures of such basic compounds.

Compound (5) is usually used in an amount of at least about 0.1 mole per mole of compound (4), and preferably about 0.1 to about 10 moles per mole of compound (4).

A basic compound is usually used in an amount of at least about 1 mole per mole of compound (4), and preferably about 1 to about 10 moles per mole of compound (4).

For the reaction, compound (4) may be used in a large excess instead of adding a basic compound.

Alkali metal halogen compound(s), such as sodium iodide and potassium iodide, may be added to the reaction system of the reaction.

The reaction is usually carried out at about 0 to about 200° C., and preferably about 0 to about 150° C., and usually completes in about 5 minutes to about 80 hours.

wherein R¹⁰¹, R¹⁰² and R¹¹² are the same as above, and X represents a halogen atom.

The reaction between compounds (6) and (7) and the reaction between compounds (8) and (9) are carried out under the same conditions as in the reaction between compounds (5) and (4) shown by Reaction Scheme 3.

When R¹⁰¹ or R¹⁰² of compound (6) represents any of the groups shown by (1) to (14), (17) to (32) and (40) to (50), the reaction between compound (6) and compound (7) is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of a basic compound and catalyst. Similarly, when R¹⁰¹ or R¹⁰² of compound (8) represents any of the groups shown by (1) to (14), (17) to (32) and (40) to (50), the reaction between compound (8) and compound (9) is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of a basic compound and catalyst.

The solvent and basic compound for use in the reaction may each be the same as those used for the reaction between compounds (5) and (4) shown by Reaction Scheme 3.

Examples of catalysts include palladium compounds such as palladium acetate, bis(tributyl tin)/bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium, copper iodide/2,2′-bipyridyl, bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium, tris (dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium, [1,1′-bis(diphenyl phosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) and tetrakis(triphenyl phosphine)palladium; binaphthyl compounds such as R-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl(R-BINAP), S-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl(S-BINAP), and RAC-2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl(RAC-BINAP); xanthene compounds such as 4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene; borates such as tri-tert-butylphosphine tetrafluoroborate; 2,2-bis(diphenyl imidazolidinylidene); and mixtures thereof.

A basic compound is usually used in an amount of at least about 0.5 mole per mole of compound (6) or (8), and preferably about 0.5 to about 40 moles per mole of compound (6) or (8).

A catalyst may be used in a usual catalytic amount for compound (6) or (8).

Compounds (7) and (9) are usually used in amounts of at least about 0.5 mole per mole of compounds (6) and (8), respectively, and preferably about 0.5 to about 3 moles per mole of compounds (6) and (8).

These reactions advantageously proceed usually at room temperature to about 200° C., and preferably at room temperature to about 150° C., and usually complete in about 0.5 to about 20 hours.

When R¹⁰¹ or R¹⁰² of compound (6) represents any of the groups shown by (1) to (14), (17) to (32) and (40) to (50), the reaction between compound (6) and compound (7) is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of a basic compound, copper iodide and ethylene glycol. Similarly, when R¹⁰¹ or R¹⁰² of compound (8) represents any of the groups shown by (1) to (14), (17) to (32) and (40) to (50), the reaction between compound (8) and compound (9) is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of a basic compound, copper iodide and ethylene glycol.

The solvent and basic compound for use in the reaction may each be the same as those used for the reaction between compounds (5) and (4) shown by Reaction Scheme 3.

Copper iodide and ethylene glycol may each be used usually in an amount of about 0.01 to 3 moles, and preferably about 0.05 to about 1 mole, per mole of compound (6) or (7).

Compounds (7) and (9) are usually used in amounts of at least about 1 mole per mole of compounds (6) and (8), respectively, and preferably about 1 to about 2 moles per mole of compounds (6) and (8).

These reactions advantageously proceed usually at room temperature to about 200° C., and preferably at room temperature to about 150° C., and usually completes in about 0.5 to about 50 hours.

When R¹⁰¹ or R¹⁰² of compound (6) represents any of the groups shown by (1) to (14), (17) to (32) and (40) to (50), the reaction between compound (6) and compound (7) is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of a silane compound such as sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide. Similarly, when R¹⁰¹ or R¹⁰² of compound (8) represents any of the groups shown by (1) to (14), (17) to (32) and (40) to (50), the reaction between compound (8) and compound (9) is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of a silane compound such as sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide.

The solvent for use in the reaction may be the same as that used for the reaction between compounds (5) and (4) shown by Reaction Scheme 3.

A silane compound is usually used in an amount of about 0.1 to about 3 moles, and preferably about 0.1 to about 2 moles, per mole of compound (6) or (7).

Compounds (7) and (9) are usually used in amounts of at least about 1 mole per mole of compounds (6) and (8), respectively, and preferably about 1 to about 2 moles per mole of compounds (6) and (8).

These reactions advantageously proceed usually at about 0 to about 200° C., and preferably at about 0 to about 150° C., and usually finishes in about 0.5 to about 20 hours.

Depending on the kind of compound (7) used, the reaction of compound (6) and compound (7) produces, instead of compound (8), compound (10) shown below:

wherein R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹² are the same as above.

wherein R¹⁰¹ and X are the same as above, R¹⁰⁸ represents any of the groups shown by (1-1) to (1-37) as defined in General Formula (1), R¹¹⁰ and R¹¹¹ are linked together to form, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bound, 5 to 7-membered one nitrogen atom-containing saturated heterocyclic groups which may have one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, the heterocyclic group optionally being substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of oxo group; lower alkyl groups; lower alkanoyl groups; phenyl lower alkyl groups; phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and lower alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups, and b′ represents an integer from 0 to 3.

Examples of 5- to 7-membered one nitrogen atom-containing saturated heterocyclic groups which may have one heteroatom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur include pyrrolidinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, morpholino, thiomorpholino, homopiperazinyl, homopiperidinyl, imidazolidinyl, thiazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, isoxazolidinyl, isothiazolidinyl and pyrazolidinyl.

Examples of the above-mentioned heterocyclic groups substituted with one to three members selected from the group consisting of oxo group; lower alkyl groups; lower alkanoyl groups; phenyl lower alkyl groups; phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and lower alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups:

include the above-mentioned heterocyclic groups substituted with one to three members selected from the group consisting of oxo groups; straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl groups; straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkanoyl groups; phenyl alkyl groups wherein the alkyl moiety is a straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkyl group; phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and straight or branched C₁₋₆ alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups;

such as 2-oxo-(1-, 3-, 4-, or 5-)pyrrolidinyl, 2-oxo-(1-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-)piperazinyl, 4-methyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-) piperazinyl, 4-acetyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-ethyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 2-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-) pyrrolidinyl, 2-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-)piperidinyl, 2,4-dimethyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-)piperidinyl, 3-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-)pyrrolidinyl, 2,3,4-trimethyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-)piperazinyl, 4-acetyl-3-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-) piperazinyl, 3-methyl-(2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-)morpholino, 2-acetyl-(2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-)morpholino, 4-(2-phenylethyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(1-, 2-, 3-, or 4-)piperazinyl, 4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-(2-chlorophenyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-[(2-, 3-, or 4-)pyridyl]-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperazinyl, 4-phenyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-) piperazinyl, 4-benzyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperidinyl, 4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)morpholino, 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)-

(1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, or 5-)pyrrolidinyl, 4-(2-chlorophenyl)-(1-, 2-, or 3-)piperidinyl, 4-[(2-, 3-, or 4-)pyridyl]-(1-, 2-, or 3-) piperidinyl, 4-phenyl-(1-, 2-, or 3-) piperidinyl, 4-phenyl-3-methyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-) piperazinyl, 4-[(2-, 3-, or 4-)pyridyl]-2-acetyl-(1-, 2-, 3-, 5-, or 6-)piperazinyl, etc.

The reaction between compound (11) and compound (12) is carried out under the same conditions as in the reaction between compounds (6) and (7) shown by Reaction Scheme 4.

wherein R¹⁰¹, R¹⁰⁸, b′ and X are the same as above.

Compound (14) is produced by reacting compound (11) with a metal cyanide compound in a suitable solvent in the presence of a catalyst.

Examples of metal cyanide compounds include sodium cyanide, potassium cyanide, zinc cyanide, copper cyanide, etc.

The solvent and catalyst for use in the reaction may each be the same as those used for the reaction between compounds (6) and (7) shown by Reaction Scheme 4. The catalyst may be used in a usual catalytic amount for compound (11).

The metal cyanide compound is usually used in an amount of at least about 1 mole per mole of compound (11), and preferably about 1 to about 3 moles per mole of compound (11).

The reaction advantageously proceeds usually at room temperature to about 200° C., and preferably at room temperature to about 150° C., and usually completes in about 0.5 to about 20 hours.

wherein R¹⁰¹, R¹⁰⁸, b′ and X are the same as above, and R¹¹⁴ represents any of the groups shown by (1-3), (1-12), (1-14), (1-19), (1-23), (1-30), and (1-31) in General Formula (1).

The reaction between compound (11) and compound (15) is carried out under the same conditions as in the reaction between compounds (6) and (7) shown by Reaction Scheme 4.

wherein R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹² are the same as above; R¹¹⁵ represents a phenyl group, phenyl lower alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, cycloalkyl lower alkyl group, lower alkylthio lower alkyl group, amino-substituted lower alkyl group optionally substituted on the amino group with one or two lower alkyl groups, phenoxy lower alkyl group, or pyridyl lower alkyl group; and R¹¹⁶ represents a hydrogen atom or lower alkyl group. R¹¹⁵ and R¹¹⁶ may alternatively be linked together to form a cycloalkyl group, provided that the total number of carbon atoms of the portion CH(R¹¹⁶)(R¹¹⁵) in the side chain —(R¹⁰¹)CH(R¹¹⁶)(R¹¹⁵) of compound (18) does not exceed 6.

The reaction between compound (8) and compound (17) is carried out under the same conditions as in the reaction between compounds (3) and (4) shown by Reaction Scheme 2, except for using compound (17) usually in an amount of at least 1 mole per mole of compound (8), and preferably 1 to 5 moles per mole of compound (8).

wherein R¹⁰¹, and R¹¹² are the same as above; a′ represents an integer from 0 to 4; R¹⁰³ represents any of the groups shown by (1-1) to (1-37) as defined in General Formula (1), R¹¹⁷ represents a lower alkoxycarbonyl group; and R¹¹⁸ represents a carboxy group. Compound (20) is produced by the hydrolysis of compound (19).

The hydrolysis of compound (19) is carried out in a suitable solvent or without solvent in the presence of an acid or basic compound.

Examples of useful solvents include water; lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol and tert-butanol; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; ethers such as diethyl ether, dioxane, tetrahydrofuran, monoglyme and diglyme; aliphatic acids such as acetic acid and formic acid; esters such as methyl acetate and ethyl acetate; halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane and carbon tetrachloride; dimethylsulfoxide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and hexamethylphosphortriamide; and mixtures of such solvents.

Examples of acids include mineral acids such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and hydrobromic acid; and organic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and sulfonic acids such as trifluoroacetic acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid. Such acids may be used singly or in combination.

Examples of basic compounds include carbonates such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate and potassium hydrogencarbonate; alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and lithium hydroxide; alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide; and other like basic compounds. Such basic compounds may be used singly or in combination.

The hydrolysis reaction advantageously proceeds usually at about 0 to about 200° C., preferably about 0 to about 150° C., and usually finishes in about 10 minutes to about 30 hours.

Compound (19) is produced by reacting compound (20) with the compound shown by General Formula (21): R¹¹⁹OH  (21) wherein R¹¹⁹ represents a lower alkyl group.

Conditions usually selected for esterification reactions are applicable to the reaction between compounds (20) and (21). For example, the reaction between compounds (20) and (21) can be carried out in the presence of a mineral acid such as hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid; or a halogenating agent such as thionyl chloride, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus pentachloride and phosphorus trichloride. Compound (21) is used in a large excess relative to compound (20). The reaction advantageously proceeds usually at about 0 to about 150° C., and preferably about 50 to about 100° C., and usually completes in about 1 to about 10 hours.

wherein R¹⁰¹, R¹⁰³, a′ and R¹¹² are the same as above; R¹²⁰ represents a lower alkylthio group; and R¹²¹ represents a lower alkylsulfonyl group.

The reaction for producing compound (23) from compound (22) is carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of an oxidizing agent.

Examples of useful solvents include water; aliphatic acids such as formic acid, acetic acid and trifluoroacetic acid; alcohols such as methanol and ethanol; halogenated hydrocarbons such as chloroform and dichloromethane; and mixtures of such solvents.

Examples of useful oxidizing agents include peracids such as performic acid, peracetic acid, pertrifluoroacetic acid, peroxybenzoic acids, m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid and o-carboxyperoxybenzoic acid; hydrogen peroxide; sodium metaperiodate; dichromates such as dichromic acid, sodium dichromate and potassium dichromate; permanganates such as permanganic acid, sodium permanganate and potassium permanganate; lead salts such as lead tetraacetate.

An oxidizing agent is usually used in an amount of at least about 2 moles per mole of compound (22), and preferably about 2 to 4 moles per mole of compound (22).

The reaction is usually carried out at about −10 to about 150° C., preferably at about −10 to about 100° C., and usually finishes in about 1 to about 10 hours.

wherein R¹⁰¹ and R¹¹² are the same as above; R¹²² represents a lower alkyl group having one or more halogen atoms; R¹²³ represents an amino-substituted lower alkyl group optionally substituted on the amino group with one or two lower alkyl groups; and R^(123a) represents an amino group optionally substituted on the amino group with one or two lower alkyl groups.

The reaction between compound (24) and compound (25) is carried out under the same conditions as in the reaction between compounds (5) and (4) shown by Reaction Scheme 3.

Compounds (7) and (9) used as starting materials can be easily produced, for example, by the process shown in Reaction Scheme below:

wherein X is the same as above, and R¹²⁴ represents a lower alkyl group having one or more halogen atoms.

The reaction between compound (27) and compound (28) is carried out under the same conditions as in the reaction between compounds (5) and (4) shown by Reaction Scheme 3.

Compound (8) as a starting material can be produced, for example, by the process shown by Reaction Scheme 13 below:

wherein R¹⁰³, a′, X and R¹¹² are the same as above. The reaction for producing compound (31) from compound (30) is carried out, for example, without solvent or in a suitable solvent in the presence of a reducing agent.

Examples of useful solvents include water; lower alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanol, tert-butanol and ethylene glycol; acetonitrile; aliphatic acids such as formic acid and acetic acid; ethers such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, monoglyme and diglyme; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; halogenated hydrocarbons such as dichloromethane, dichloroethane, chloroform and carbon tetrachloride; and mixtures of such solvents.

Examples of a reducing agent include catalytic hydrogenation reducing agents such as palladium black, palladium carbon, platinum oxide, platinum black and Raney nickel, and the like.

A catalytic hydrogenation reducing agent is usually used in an amount of about 0.1 to 40 wt %, and preferably about 0.1 to about 20 wt %, of compound (30).

The reaction advantageously proceeds by adding basic compound(s) such as sodium hydroxide to the reaction system of the reaction.

The reaction is usually carried out at about −30 to about 100° C., and preferably at about 0 to about 60° C., in a hydrogen atmosphere of atmospheric pressure to about 20 atm, and preferably atmospheric pressure to about 10 atm. The reaction usually finishes in about 1 to about 12 hours.

Compounds (3), (5) and (6) used as starting materials can be easily produced by, for example, Reaction Scheme shown below:

wherein R¹¹² and X are the same as above, and R¹²⁵ represents an oxo group, a group represented by R¹¹³, or an amino group, R¹¹³ being the same as above.

The reaction between compounds (32) and (33) is carried out under the same conditions as in the reaction between compounds (5) and (4) shown by Reaction Scheme 3 above.

Compound (4) used as a starting material is easily produced, for example, by the process shown by Reaction Scheme below:

wherein R¹⁰¹, R¹⁰² and X are the same as the above.

The reaction of compound (35) with compound (9) is carried under the same conditions as described in connection with the reaction of compound (6) with compound (7) shown in Reaction Scheme 4.

Compounds (2), (B), (13), (14), (16), (18), (19), (20), (23) and (26) each of whose R¹¹² is a hydrogen atom, can be produced by replacing R¹¹² with a hydrogen atom in compounds (3), (5), (6), (8), (11), (19), (20), (22) and (24), which are used as starting materials in each reaction shown by Reaction Schemes 2-11, using the thus-obtained compound as a starting material, and reacting the starting material under the same conditions as in the reactions shown by Reaction Schemes 2-11.

If an optically active substance is used as a starting material (compounds (5), (6), (8), (11), (19), (20), (22) and (24)) in the reactions shown by Reaction Schemes 3-11, optically active compounds (2), (8), (13), (14), (16), (18), (19), (20), (23) and (26) can be produced by reacting the compound under the same conditions as in the reaction shown by Reaction Schemes 3-11.

It is also possible to produce compound (1) of the present invention by using compound (2), (8), (13), (14), (16), (18), (19), (20), (23) or (26) produced in the reactions of Reaction Schemes 2-11 as a starting material in the reaction of Reaction Scheme 1 without isolating it.

Each of the objective compounds obtained according to such an above reaction scheme can be isolated and purified from the reaction mixture by, for example, after cooling the reaction mixture, performing an isolation procedure such as filtration, concentration, extraction, etc., to separate a crude reaction product, and then subjecting the crude reaction product to a standard purification procedure such as column chromatography, recrystallization, etc.

The compound of General Formula (1) according to the present invention includes stereoisomers and optical isomers thereof.

Among the starting compounds and object pyrrolidine compound of the present invention, those having a basic group or groups may be suitable to form salts with common pharmaceutically acceptable acids. Examples of such acids include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and other inorganic acids; methansulfonic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid and other organic acids, etc.

Among the starting compounds and object pyrrolidine compound of the present invention, those having an acidic group or groups may be suitable to form salts with common pharmaceutically acceptable basic compounds. Examples of such basic compounds include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydrogencarbonate, potassium hydrogencarbonate, etc.

In addition, compounds in the form in which solvate (for example, hydrate, ethanolate, etc.) was added to the starting compounds and object compound shown in each of the reaction formulae are included in each of the general formaulae.

Pharmaceutical preparations containing the compound of the present invention as an active ingredient are explained below.

Such pharmaceutical preparations are obtained by formulating the compound of the present invention into standard pharmaceutical preparations, using typically employed diluents and/or excipients such as fillers, extenders, binders, wetting agents, disintegrants, surfactants, lubricants, etc.

The form of such pharmaceutical preparations can be selected from various forms according to the purpose of therapy. Typical examples include tablets, pills, powders, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules, capsules, suppositories, injections (solutions, suspensions, etc.) and the like.

To form tablets, any of various known carriers can be used, including, for example, lactose, white sugar, sodium chloride, glucose, urea, starch, calcium carbonate, kaolin, crystalline cellulose and other excipients; water, ethanol, propanol, simple syrup, glucose solutions, starch solutions, gelatin solutions, carboxymethylcellulose, shellac, methylcellulose, potassium phosphate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and other binders; dry starch, sodium alginate, agar powder, laminaran powder, sodium hydrogencarbonate, calcium carbonate, fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylenesorbitan, sodium laurylsulfate, stearic acid monoglycerides, starch, lactose and other disintegrants; white sugar, stearin, cacao butter, hydrogenated oils and other disintegration inhibitors; quaternary ammonium bases, sodium lauryl sulfate and other absorption promoters; glycerol, starch and other wetting agents; starch, lactose, kaolin, bentonite, colloidal silicic acid and other adsorbents; purified talc, stearates, boric acid powder, polyethylene glycol and other lubricants; etc.

Such tablets may be coated with typical coating materials as required, to prepare, for example, sugar-coated tablets, gelatin-coated tablets, enteric-coated tablets, film-coated tablets, double- or multi-layered tablets, etc.

To form pills, any of various known carriers can be used, including, for example, glucose, lactose, starch, cacao butter, hydrogenated vegetable oils, kaolin, talc and other excipients; gum arabic powder, tragacanth powder, gelatin, ethanol and other binders; laminaran, agar and other disintegrants; etc.

To form suppositories, any of various known carriers can be used, including, for example, polyethylene glycol, cacao butter, higher alcohols, esters of higher alcohols, gelatin, semisynthetic glycerides, etc.

To form an injection, a solution, emulsion or suspension is sterilized and preferably made isotonic to blood. Any of various known widely used diluents can be employed to prepare the solution, emulsion or suspension. Examples of such diluents include water, ethanol, propylene glycol, ethoxylated isostearyl alcohol, polyoxylated isostearyl alcohol, fatty acid esters of polyoxyethylene sorbitan, etc. In this case, the pharmaceutical preparation may contain sodium chloride, glucose or glycerol in an amount sufficient to prepare an isotonic solution, and may contain typical solubilizers, buffers, analgesic agents, etc., and further, if necessary, coloring agents, preservatives, flavors, sweetening agents, etc., and/or other medicines.

The proportion of the compound of the present invention in the pharmaceutical preparation is not limited and can be suitably selected from a wide range. It is usually preferable that the pharmaceutical preparation contain the compound of the present invention in a proportion of 1 to 70 wt. %.

The route of administration of the pharmaceutical preparation of the present invention is not limited, and the preparation is administered by a route suitable to the form of the preparation, patient's age and sex, status of the disease, and other conditions. For example, tablets, pills, solutions, suspensions, emulsions, granules and capsules are administered orally. Injections are intravenously administered singly or as mixed with typical injection transfusions such as glucose solutions, amino acid solutions or the like, or singly administered intramuscularly, intracutaneously, subcutaneously or intraperitoneally, as required. Suppositories are administered intrarectally.

The dosage of the pharmaceutical preparation is suitably selected according to the method of use, patient's age and sex, severity of the disease, and other conditions, and is usually about 0.001 to about 100 mg/kg body weight/day, and preferably 0.001 to 50 mg/kg body weight/day, in single or divided doses.

Since the dosage varies depending on various conditions, a dosage smaller than the above range may be sufficient or a dosage larger than the above range may be required.

EFFECT OF THE INVENTION

The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention has an effect of inhibiting reuptake of one, two, or three kinds of monoamines (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine).

The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention exhibits significantly stronger uptake inhibitory activity to one of these three monoamines than known compounds having uptake inhibitory activity to monoamines in vitro or ex vivo experiments. In the microdialysis study, the pyrrolidine compound of the present invention also exhibits significantly stronger effects for increasing one of these three monoamines in the rat brain than, known compounds having uptake inhibitory activity to monoamines.

The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention has wider spectrum for the medical treatment than known antidepressants.

The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention exhibits sufficient therapeutic effects even after short-term administration.

The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention has excellent bioavailability, little metabolic enzyme inhibitive activity in the liver, little side effects, and is very safe.

The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention exhibits strong activity in a mouse forced-swimming test/tail suspension test, which is used for screening for antidepressants. The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention also exhibits strong activity in the rat forced-swimming test, which is used for screening for antidepressants. The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention also exhibits strong activity in the reserpine-induced hypothermia model, which is used for screening for antidepressants

The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention also exhibits strong activity in the mouse marble-burying behavior test, and a conditioned fear stress model, which are a anxiety- or stress-related disease models.

The pyrrolidine compound of the present invention has an effect of inhibiting reuptake of one, two, or three kinds of monoamines (i.e., serotonin, norepinephrine, dopamine), and therefore is effective for treating various disorders caused by reduced neurotransmission of serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine.

Examples of such diseases include hypertension, depressions (e.g., major depression, bipolar 1 disorder, bipolar 2 disorder, mixed episode, dysthymic disorders, rapid cycler, atypical depression, seasonal affective disorders, postpartum depression, minor depression, recurrent brief depressive disorder, intractable depression/chronic depression, double depression, alcohol-induced mood disorders, mixed anxiety & depressive disorders; depressions induced by various physical disorders such as Cushing's disease, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism syndrome, Addison's disease, amenorrhea and lactation syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, intracerebral bleeding, diabetes, chronic fatigue syndrome and cancers; depression of the middle-aged, senile depression, depression of children and adolescents, depression induced by medicines such as interferons), depression induced by adjustment disorder, anxiety induced by adjustment disorder, anxiety induced by various physical disorders (e.g neuropathy (head trauma, brain infection, inner ear injury), cardiovascular disturbance (cardiac arrest, abnormal cardiac rhythm), endocrine disorder (adrenal hyperfunctio, cachexia exophthalmica), breathing problem (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)), generalized anxiety disorders, fears (e.g., agoraphobia, social phobia, and simple phobias), posttraumatic stress syndrome, acute stress syndrome, avoidant personality disorders, body dysmorphic disorder, precocious ejaculation, eating disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa), obesity, chemical dependencies (e.g., to alcohol, cocaine, heroin, phenobarbital, nicotine, and benzodiazepines), cluster headache, migraine, pain disorder, Alzheimer's disease, obsessive-compulsive disorders, panic disorders, memory disorders (e.g., dementia, amnestic disorder, and age-related cognitive decline (ARCD)), Parkinson's disease (e.g., dementia caused by

Parkinson's disease, neuroleptic agent induced Parkinson's syndrome, tardive dyskinesia), endocrine disorders (e.g., hyperprolactinaemia), vascular spasm (in particular, in the blood circulatory system in the cerebrum), cerebellar ataxia, gastrointestinal tract disorders (including change in movement and secretion), negative syndrome of schizophrenia, premenstrual syndrome, fibromyalgia syndrome, stress incontinence, Tourette's syndrome, trichotillomania, kleptomania, male impotence, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), chronic paroxysmal hemicrania, chronic fatigue, cataplexy, sleep apnea syndrome and headache (related to angiopathy).

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Preparation Example, Reference Examples, Examples, and Pharmacological Test Examples are explained below.

PREPARATION EXAMPLE 1

The compound of the present invention (100 g), 40 g of Avicel (trade name, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation), 30 g of cornstarch, and 2 g of magnesium stearate were mixed, ground, and then subjected to tableting using a punch of 10.0 mm in diameter for sugar-coating tablets. The thus-obtained tablets were coated using a film-coating agent comprising 10 g of TC-5 (trade name, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), 3 g of polyethylene glucol 6000, 40 g of castor oil, and a suitable amount of ethanol, producing film-coated tables having the above-mentioned ingredients.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 1 Synthesis of 3-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

Sodium hydride (0.19 g, 60% in oil) was added to 10 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and stirred at 60° C. for one hour. Subsequently, 1.0 g of (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(4-fluorophenyl)amine was added to the mixture and stirred at 60° C. for one hour. A DMSO solution containing 2.0 g of 3-(toluene-4-sulfonyloxy)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester was gradually added to the mixture and stirred at 60° C. for 15 hours. Ethyl acetate was added to the reaction solution. The solution was then washed with water, and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=20:1). The eluent solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.29 g of oily brown 3-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.43 (9H, s), 1.74-1.92 (1H, m), 2.04-2.22 (1H, m), 3.10-3.35 (3H, m), 3.61-3.85 (1H, m), 4.31-4.48 (1H, m), 6.42 (1H, dd=2.9 Hz, J=8.9 Hz), 6.67 (1H, d, J=2.8 Hz), 6.90-7.22 (5H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 2 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

Sodium hydride (0.36 g, 60% in oil) was added to 20 ml of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and stirred at 60° C. for one hour. Subsequently, 2.0 g of 3,4-dichlorophenyl-phenylamine was added to the mixture and stirred at 60° C. for one hour. A DMSO solution containing 1.5 g of 3(R)-methanesulfonyloxypyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester was gradually added to the mixture and stirred at 60° C. for 15 hours. Ethyl acetate was added to the reaction solution, and the reaction solution was then washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=20:1). The eluent solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.13 g of light brown amorphous solid 3(S)-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenylamino]pyrrolidine 1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₂) δppm:

1.42 (9H, s), 1.73-1.93 (1H, m), 2.05-2.23 (1H, m), 3.10-3.36 (3H, m), 3.61-3.83 (1H, m), 4.33-4.50 (1H, m), 6.48 (1H, dd, J=2.9 Hz, J=10.3 Hz), 6.74 (1H, d, J=2.8 Hz), 6.96-7.07 (2H, m), 7.16-7.34 (2H, m), 7.35-7.46 (2H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 3 Synthesis of ((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-(3-fluorophenyl)amine

A toluene solution containing 2.2 g of (S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-ylamine (12.5 mmol), 2.2 g of 3-bromofluorobenzene (12.5 mmol), 0.31 g of 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl (BINAP, 0.51 mmol), 0.14 g of bis(dibenzylideneacetone)palladium (Pd(dba)₂, 0.22 mmol), and 1.3 g of sodium tert-butoxide (13.2 mmol) was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours. The reaction solution was filtered to remove insoluble matter, and ethyl acetate and water were added to the filtrate to separate the solution into layers. The organic layer was washed with water, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=20:1→1:1). The eluent solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 3.0 g of oily colorless ((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-(3-fluorophenyl)amine.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₂) δppm:

1.59-1.78 (2H, m), 2.21-2.38 (1H, m), 2.39-2.50 (1H, m), 2.55 (1H, dd, J=3.3 Hz, J=9.7 Hz), 2.71-2.85 (2H, m), 3.63 (2H, s), 3.90-4.10 (1H, m), 6.24 (1H, dt, J=2.3 Hz, J=11.6 Hz), 6.29-6.41 (2H, m), 7.02-7.11 (1H, m), 7.21-7.39 (5H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 4 Synthesis of ((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenylamine

((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenylamine was synthesized using (S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-ylamine and bromobenzene in the same manner as in Reference Example 3.

Oily Brown Substance

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.56-1.78 (2H, m), 2.22-2.39 (1H, m), 2.41-2.58 (1H, m), 2.70-2.84 (2H, m), 3.63 (2H, s), 4.01 (1H, s), 6.57 (2H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 6.64-6.73 (1H, m), 7.11-7.19 (2H, m), 7.21-7.36 (5H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 5 Synthesis of ((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-(3-fluorophenyl)-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)amine

A toluene solution containing 0.7 g of ((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-(3-fluorophenyl)amine (2.6 mmol), 0.59 g of 4-bromobenzotrifluoride (2.6 mmol), 65 mg of BINAP (0.1 mmol), 23 mg of palladium acetate (0.1 mmol) and 0.28 g of sodium tert-butoxide (2.9 mmol) was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 3 hours. The reaction solution was filtered to remove insoluble matter, and ethyl acetate and water were added to the filtrate to separate the solution into layers. The organic layer was washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=20:1→10:1). The eluent solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.48 g of oily colorless ((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-(3-fluorophenyl)-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)amine.

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm:

1.82-2.01 (1H, m), 2.17-2.31 (1H, m), 2.61-2.78 (3H, m), 3.45 (1H, d, J=12.9 Hz), 3.64 (1H, d, J=12.9 Hz), 4.55 (1H, m), 6.78-6.86 (3H, m), 6.88-6.96 (2H, m), 7.19-7.36 (6H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 6 Synthesis of 3(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a 50 ml of toluene solution containing 5.0 g of 3(S)-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid text-butyl ester (27 mmol) and 5.7 g of 4-bromo-2-chloro-1-fluorobenzene (27 mmol) were added 1.7 g of BINAP (2.7 mmol), 0.30 g of palladium acetate (1.3 mmol) and 3.5 g of sodium tert-butoxide (36 mmol). The mixture was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 8 hours, and then cooled to room temperature. Water was added to the reaction solution, and extraction with ethyl acetate was performed. After drying over sodium sulfate and concentration under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1). The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was recrystallized from diethyl ether to thereby obtain 4.76 g of white powdery 3(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.47 (9H, s), 1.78-1.96 (1H, m), 2.10-2.28 (1H, m), 2.10-2.28 (1H, m), 3.11-3.30 (1H, m), 3.30-3.56 (2H, m), 3.57-3.79 (2H, m), 3.85-4.03 (1H, m), 6.38-6.47 (1H, m), 6.60 (1H, dd, J=6.0 Hz, J=2.9 Hz), 6.90-7.00 (1H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 7 Synthesis of 3(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a 50 ml of isopropyl alcohol solution containing 15.0 g of 3(S)-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (80.5 mmol) and 24.8 g of 2-chloro-1-fluoro-4-iodobenzene (96.7 mmol) were added 1.54 g of copper (I) iodide (8.1 mmol), 9.0 ml of ethylene glycol (10.1 mmol) and 34.2 g of potassium phosphate (161 mmol), and heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 46 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and filtered using Celite. The substance remained in the filter was washed with ethyl acetate and the filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure together with the washings, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1). The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was recrystallized from diethyl ether to thereby obtain 15.9 g of white powdery 3(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.47 (9H, s), 1.78-1.96 (1H, m), 2.10-2.28 (1H, m), 2.10-2.28 (1H, m), 3.11-3.30 (1H, m), 3.30-3.56 (2H, m), 3.57-3.79 (2H, m), 3.85-4.03 (1H, m), 6.38-6.47 (1H, m), 6.60 (1H, dd, J=6.0 Hz, J=2.9 Hz), 6.90-7.00 (1H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 8 Synthesis of 3(S)-(3-cyanophenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a toluene solution (7 ml) containing 2.82 g of 3(S)-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (15 mmol) and 1.82 g of 3-bromobenzonitrile (10 mmol) were added 68.5 mg of BINAP (0.11 mmol), 22.5 mg of palladium acetate (0.1 mmol) and 3.91 g of cesium carbonate (12 mmol). The mixture was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 8 hours. After cooling to room temperature, water was added to the reaction solution, and extraction with dichloromethane was performed. After drying over sodium sulfate and concentration under reduced pressure, the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1). The purified product was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 1.56 g of light yellow powdery 3(S)-(3-cyanophenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.46 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.6 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 3.9-4.1 (2H, m), 6.7-6.9 (2H, m), 6.99 (1H, d, J=7.6 Hz), 7.23 (1H, dd, J=7.6 Hz, J=8.4 Hz).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 9 Synthesis of 3(S)-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a 5 ml of toluene solution containing 0.20 g of 3(S)-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1.1 mmol) and 0.238 g of 2-chloro-3-bromoanisole (1.1 mmol) were added 67.0 mg of BINAP (0.11 mmol), 24 mg of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (0.027 mmol) and 144 mg of sodium tert-butoxide (1.5 mmol). The mixture was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere at 100° C. for one hour. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution was filtered using Celite. The filtrate was Concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=10:1→3:1). The purified product was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.28 g of light yellow amorphous solid 3(S)-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.47 (9H, s), 1.80-1.90 (1H, m), 2.10-2.20 (1H, m), 3.10-3.25 (1H, m), 3.38-3.75 (3H, m), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.92-3.96 (1H, m), 6.47 (1H, dd, J=2.8 Hz, J=8.8 Hz), 6.67 (1H, d, J=2.8 Hz), 6.81 (1H, d, J=8.8 Hz).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 10 Synthesis of 3(S)-(4-methoxyphenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a 10 ml of ethanol solution containing 0.28 g of 3(S)-(3-chloro-4-methoxyphenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester were added a 0.2 ml of a 5 N sodium hydroxide solution and 0.1 g of 10% palladium carbon. Catalytic reduction was conducted at room temperature and atmospheric pressure (ordinary pressure). The reaction solution was filtered using Celite and concentrated under reduced pressure. Water was added to the residue, and extraction with dichloromethane was performed. The extract was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.25 g of yellow amorphous solid 3(S)-(4-methoxyphenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.46 (9H, s), 1.79-1.88 (1H, m), 2.10-2.22 (1H, m), 3.12-3.25 (1H, m), 3.30-3.52 (3H, m), 3.60-3.75 (4H, m), 3.88-4.00 (1H, m), 6.50-6.58 (2H, m), 6.72-6.80 (2H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 11 Synthesis of 3(S)-[bis-(3-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a 10 ml of toluene solution containing 1.0 g of 3(S)-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (5.3 mmol) and 2.3 g of 3-bromo-1-fluorobenzene (13 mmol) were added 32 mg of tri-tert-butylphosphine•tetrafluoroborate (0.11 mmol), 24 mg of palladium acetate (0.11 mmol) and 1.5 g of sodium tert-butoxide (16 mmol). The mixture was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 8 hours. After cooling to room temperature, water was added to the reaction solution, and extraction with ethyl acetate was conducted. After drying over sodium sulfate and concentration under reduced pressure, the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1). The purified product was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 1.56 g of oily yellow 3(S)-[bis-(3-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.95 (1H, m), 2.02-2.26 (1H, m), 3.12-3.39 (3H, m), 3.65-3.83 (1H, m), 4.35-4.51 (1H, m), 6.61 (2H, dt, J=2.1 Hz, J=11.0 Hz), 6.61-6.68 (2H, m), 6.77 (2H, t, J=8.0 Hz), 7.18-7.31 (2H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 12 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-thiazole-2-ylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a 150 ml of toluene solution containing 20.0 g of 3(S)-(3,4-dichlorophenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (60.4 mmol) and 15.0 g of 2-bromothiazole (91.5 mmol) were added 1.86 g. of tri-tert-butylphosphine•tetrafluoroborate (6.4 mmol), 2.88 g of tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (3.15 mmol) and 11.6 g of sodium tert-butoxide (120 mmol). The mixture was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 9 hours. The reaction solution was cooled to room temperature and filtered using Celite. Water was added to the filtrate, and extraction with ethyl acetate was conducted. After drying over sodium sulfate and concentration under reduced pressure, the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1). The purified product was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 7.94 g of yellow powdery 3(S)-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-thiazol-2-ylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.43 (9H, s), 1.83-2.03 (1H, m), 2.11-2.35 (1H, m), 3.18-3.42 (3H, m), 3.73-3.87 (1H, m), 4.97-5.09 (1H, m), 6.53 (1H, d, J=3.5 Hz), 7.14 (1H, dd, J=2.5 Hz, J=8.5 Hz), 7.22 (1H, brs), 7.39 (1H, d, J=2.5 Hz), 7.56 (1H, brd, J=8.5 Hz).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 13 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-3-ylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a 10 ml of toluene solution containing 1.0 g of 3(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenylamino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (3.2 mmol) and 0.75 g of 3-bromopyridine (4.75 mmol) were added 50 mg of 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene (XANTPHOS, 0.09 mmol), 21.4 mg of palladium acetate (0.10 mmol) and 11.6 g of sodium tert-butoxide (120 mmol). The mixture was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 9 hours. After cooling to room temperature, the reaction solution was filtered using Celite. Water was added to the filtrate, and extraction with ethyl acetate was conducted. After drying over sodium sulfate and concentration under reduced pressure, the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=1:1). The purified product was concentrated under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 1.14 g of oily light yellow 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-3-ylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.98 (1H, m), 2.08-2.29 (1H, m), 3.12-3.41 (3H, m), 3.65-3.85 (1H, m), 4.38-4.51 (1H, m), 6.83-6.91 (1H, m), 7.00-7.23 (4H, m[including 7.04 ppm (dd, J=2.7 Hz, J=6.4 Hz)]), 8.14 (1H, s), 8.22 (1H, d, J=4.4 Hz).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 14 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)cyclohexyl amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

A 3 ml of acetic acid solution containing 0.60 g of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1.9 mmol) and 0.56 g of cyclohexanone (5.7 mmol) was stirred at room temperature over night. To the mixture was added 1.21 g of sodium triacetoxyborohydride (5.7 mmol), followed by stirring at room temperature for 8 hours. Dichloromethane was added to the reaction solution, the reaction solution was washed with water and an aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=10:1). The solvent was distilled off from the purified product under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.24 g of oily colorless 3-[(S)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)cyclohexylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

0.81-1.32 (6H, m), 1.44 (9H, s), 1.60-2.00 (6H, m), 2.79-2.93 (1H, m), 2.98-3.10 (1H, m), 3.16-3.31 (1H, m), 3.35-3.70 (2H, m), 3.35-3.70 (2H, m), 3.85-4.07 (1H, m), 6.85-7.13 (3H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 15 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(4-carboxyphenyl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To an ethanol solution containing 1.7 g of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-ethoxycarbonylphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (3.7 mmol) was added 6 ml of a 5 N sodium hydroxide solution, followed by stirring at room temperature for 15 hours. Dichloromethane and acetic acid were added to the reaction solution to make the reaction solution acidic. After washing with water three times and with an aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution once, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 1.50 g of white powdery 3(S)-[(4-carboxyphenyl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm:

1.33 (9H, s), 1.72-1.88 (1H, m), 2.06-2.26 (1H, m), 2.99-3.23 (3H, m), 3.61 (1H, dd, J=6.4 Hz, J=11.3 Hz), 4.53-4.69 (1H, m), 6.57-6.65 (2H, m), 7.19-7.28 (1H, m), 7.46-7.58 (2H, m), 7.68-7.78 (2H, m), 12.3 (1H, brs).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 16 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To a dichloromethane solution containing 0.45 g of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-methanesulfanillphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (1.0 mmol) was added 0.54 g of metachloroperoxybenzoic acid (3.1 mmol) at 0° C., followed by stirring at 0° C. for 2 hours. The reaction solution was washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate, and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. Subsequently, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=5:1→1:1). The solvent was distilled off from the purified product under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.42 g of oily light yellow 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine 1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-1.91 (1H, m), 2.11-2.29 (1H, m), 3.01 (3H, s), 3.16-3.40 (3H, m), 3.70-3.86 (1H, m), 4.49-4.61 (1H, m), 6.62 (2H, d, J=9.0 Hz), 7.03 (1H, ddd, J=2.6 Hz, J=4.1 Hz, J=8.6 Hz), 7.01-7.06 (1H, m), 7.19-7.23 (1H, m), 7.24-7.31 (1H, m), 7.66-7.74 (2H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 17 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(6-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

3(S)-[(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (500 mg, 1.06 mmol), zinc cyanide (250 mg, 2.12 mmol) and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (122 mg, 0.106 mmol) were suspended in 8 ml of dimethylformamide (DMF), followed by stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere at 110° C. for 9 hours. After cooling to room temperature, ethyl acetate and water were added to the reaction solution to separate the solution into layers. The organic layer was washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=6:1→3:1). The solvent was distilled off from the purified product under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 398 mg of oily colorless 3(S)-((3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(6-cyanopyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.44 (9H, s), 1.74-1.84 (1H, m), 2.03-2.24 (1H, m), 3.08-3.32 (3H, m), 3.76-3.86 (1H, m), 5.28-5.38 (1H, m), 6.21 (1H, d, J=8.7 Hz), 7.04-7.11 (2H, m), 7.23-7.42 (3H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 18 Synthesis of 3(S)-{(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl]amino}pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

3(S)-[(5-bromopyridin-2-yl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (300 mg, 0.64 mmol), 4-fluorophenylboric acid (98 mg, 0.7 mmol), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (23 mg, 0.02 mmol) and a 2 M aqueous sodium carbonate solution (0.83 ml) were added to toluene (3 ml), followed by stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere at 100° C. for 10 hours. After cooling to room temperature, ethyl acetate and water were added to the reaction solution to separate the reaction solution into layers. The organic layer was washed with saturated saline, followed by drying over sodium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=5:1). The solvent was distilled off from the purified product under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 2.55 mg of white solid 3(S)-{(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-[5-(4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl]amino}pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.44 (9H, s), 1.78-1.89 (1H, m), 2.05-2.23 (1H, m), 3.07-3.31 (3H, m), 3.85 (1H, dd, J=7.1, 10.8 Hz), 5.31-5.42 (1H, m), 6.08 (1H, d, J=8.8 Hz), 7.06-7.14 (3H, m), 7.20-7.28 (2H, m), 7.41-7.50 (3H, m), 8.37-8.41 (1H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 19 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-thiophene-3-ylphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

Using 3(S)-[(4-bromophenyl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester and 3-thiopheneboric acid, 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-thiophene-3-ylphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester was synthesized in the same manner as in Reference Example 9.

-   Oily Colorless Substance

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.43 (9H, s), 1.83-1.88 (1H, m), 2.05-2.20 (1H, m), 3.18-3.31 (3H, m), 3.63-3.84 (1H, m), 4.40-4.51 (1H, m), 6.71-6.80 (1H, m), 6.85-6.88 (2H, m), 6.94 (1H, dd, J=2.8 Hz, J=6.4 Hz), 7.05-7.10 (1H, m), 7.30-7.45 (3H, m), 7.50-7.55 (2H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 20 Synthesis of (S)-{(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-[6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl]amino}pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

3(S)-[(6-bromopyridin-2-yl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (200 mg, 0.43 mmol), 1-methylpiperazine (0.61 ml, 0.55 mmol), 9,9-dimethyl-4,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)xanthene (XANTPHOS, 12 mg, 0.02 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (9 mg, 0.01 mmol) and sodium t-butoxide (61 mg, 0.63 mmol) were added to toluene (5 ml), followed by stirring under a nitrogen atmosphere at 100° C. for 8 hours. Insoluble matter was removed by filtration, and the resultant filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1). The solvent was distilled off from the purified product under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 102 mg of oily colorless (S)-{(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-[6-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl]amino}pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.44 (9H, s), 1.74-1.89 (1H, m), 2.03-2.21 (1H, m), 2.36 (3H, s), 2.51-2.55 (4H, m), 3.08-3.31 (3H, m), 3.54 (4H, brs), 3.64-3.90 (1H, m), 5.10-5.23 (1H, m), 5.32 (1H, d, J=8.1 Hz), 6.01 (1H, d, J=8.1 Hz), 7.03-7.08 (1H, m), 7.19-7.25 (3H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 21 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-piperidin-1-ylphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

Using 3(S)-[(4-bromophenyl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester and piperidine, 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-piperidin-1-ylphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester was synthesized in the same manner as in Reference Example 11.

-   Oily Colorless Substance

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.43 (9H, s), 1.55-1.62 (2H, m), 1.68-1.73 (4H, m), 1.74-1.90 (1H, m), 2.02-2.18 (1H, m), 3.16-3.29 (7H, m), 3.61-3.81 (1H, m), 4.23-4.38 (1H, m), 6.40-6.46 (1H, m), 6.59-6.62 (1H, m), 6.86-6.92 (5H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 22 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-cyanophenyl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To an anhydrous toluene solution containing 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.50 g, 1.6 mmol) and 2-chloro-4-fluorobenzonitrile (0.30 g, 1.9 mmol) was added a 1.45 ml tetrahydrofuran solution containing sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (1.1 M) using a syringe. The mixture was heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 8 hours and cooled to room temperature. Water was added to the reaction solution, and extraction with diethyl ether was conducted. After drying over sodium sulfate and concentration under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=4:1). The purified product was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.56 g of white amorphous solid 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-cyanophenyl)-(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.43 (9H, s), 1.76-1.93 (1H, m), 2.11-2.27 (1H, m), 3.15-3.39 (3H, m), 3.66-3.87 (1H, m), 4.39-4.55 (1H, m), 6.42 (1H, dd, J=2.5 Hz, J=9.0 Hz), 6.57 (1H, d, J=2.5 Hz), 6.98-7.04 (1H, m), 7.20 (1H dd, J=2.5 Hz, J=6.5 Hz), 7.23-7.32 (1H, m), 7.40 (1H, d, J=8.5 Hz).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 23 Synthesis of 2-(4-chlorobutoxy)pyridine

To a DMF solution (110 ml) containing 2-pyridinol (10 g, 105 mmol) and 1-bromo-4-chlorobutane (36 ml, 315 mmol) was added potassium carbonate (16 g, 116 mmol), followed by stirring at room temperature for 8 hours. Water (300 ml) was added to the reaction solution, and extraction with ethyl acetate (300 ml) was then conducted. The organic layer was washed with water (300 ml) twice and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off, under reduced pressure, and the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=5:1). The purified product was concentrated under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 3.32 g of oily colorless 2-(4-chlorobutoxy)pyridine.

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 24 Synthesis of 3(S)-[4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)butylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

3(S)-aminopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.93 g, 5.0 mmol), 2-(4-chlorobutoxy)pyridine (0.93 g, 5.0 mmol), potassium carbonate (0.83 g, 6.0 mmol) and sodium iodide (0.83 g, 5.5 mmol) were suspended in acetonitrile (20 ml) and heated under reflux for 24 hours. After cooling to room temperature, water (50 ml) was added to the reaction solution and extraction with ethyl acetate (50 ml) was conducted. The organic layer was washed with water twice and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=3:1). The purified product was concentrated under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 372 mg of oily colorless 3(S)-[4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)butylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.46 (9H, s), 1.5-1.9 (6H, m), 1.95-2.15 (1H, m), 2.68 (2H, t, J=7 Hz), 2.95-3.15 (1H, m), 3.25-3.65 (4H, m), 4.30 (2H, t, J=6.5 Hz), 6.71 (1H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 6.85 (1H, dd, J=5.5 Hz, J=6.5 Hz), 7.5-7.65 (1H, m), 8.14 (1H, dd, J=2 Hz, J=5 Hz).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 25 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-chloropropyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (3 g, 9.5 mmol), 1-bromo-3-chloropropane (4.7 ml, 48 mmol) and potassium carbonate (1.97 g, 14.3 mmol) were suspended in N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP, 15 ml), followed by stirring at 100° C. for 8 hours. After cooling to room temperature, water was added to the reaction solution, and extraction with ethyl acetate was conducted. After drying the organic layer over sodium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=3:1), and the purified product was concentrated under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 1.0 g of oily colorless 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-chloropropyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.46 (9H, s), 1.7-2.1 (4H, m), 3.1-3.35 (4H, m), 3.35-3.7 (4H, m), 3.8-4.1 (1H, m), 6.7-6.9 (1H, m), 6.9-7.1 (2H, m).

REFERENCE EXAMPLE 26 Synthesis of 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-dimethylamino propyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-chloropropyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.5 g, 1.24 mmol), 50% dimethylamine solution (1 ml) and sodium iodide (0.37 g, 2.5 mmol) were suspended in DMF (3 ml), followed by stirring at 60° C. for 4 hours. After cooling to room temperature, water was added to the reaction solution, and extraction with ethyl acetate was conducted. The organic layer was dried over sodium sulfate, and the solvent was then distilled off under reduced pressure.

The residue was purified with basic silica gel column chromatography (ethyl acetate), and the purified product was then concentrated under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.36 g of oily colorless 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-dimethylamino propyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm:

1.46 (9H, s), 1.5-1.75 (4H, m), 1.75-2.1 (2H, m), 2.19 (6H, s), 3.0-3.3 (4H, m), 3.3-3.75 (2H, m), 3.8-4.2 (1H, m), 6.6-6.8 (1H, m), 6.8-7.1 (2H, m).

The compounds shown below were produced in the same manners as in the above Reference Examples.

TABLE 1

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 NMR 27 —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.85-1.95 (1H, m), 2.15-2.23 (1H, m), 3.18-3.26 (1H, m), 3.39-3.51 (2H, m), 3.62-3.75 (2H, m), 4.00-4.05 (1H, m), 6.60 (2H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 6.69-6.73 (1H, m), 7.15-7.20 (2H, m). 28 —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.79-1.88 (1H, m), 2.10-2.22 (1H, m), 3.12-3.25 (1H, m), 3.30-3.52 (3H, m), 3.60-3.75 (4H, m), 3.88-4.00 (1H, m), 6.50-6.58 (2H, m), 6.72-6.80 (2H, m). 29 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.80-1.92 (1H, m), 2.10-2.22 (1H, m), 2.24 (3H, s), 3.15- 3.23 (1H, m), 3.35-3.75 (4H, m), 3.95-4.05 (1H, m), 6.51-6.55 (2H, m), 6.95-7.05 (2H, m). 30 —H —H —OCH₃ —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.47 (9H, s), 1.80-1.90 (1H, m), 2.10-2.20 (1H, m), 3.10-3.25 (1H, m), 3.38-3.75 (3H, m), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.92-3.96 (1H, m), 6.47 (1H, dd, J = 2.8, 8.8 Hz), 6.67 (1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz), 6.81 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz). 31 —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.75-1.82 (1H, m), 2.00-2.24 (1H, m), 3.03-3.79 (5H, m), 3.80-4.05 (1H, m), 6.51-6.57 (2H, m), 6.90 (2H, dd, J = 8.5 Hz, 8.5 Hz). 32 —H —H —H —F —H 1.47 (9H, s), 1.80-1.99 (1H, m), 2.10-2.26 (1H, m), 3.11-3.35 (1H, m), 3.38-3.57 (2H, m), 3.61-3.77 (1H, m), 3.79-3.91 (1H, m), 3.94- 4.08 (1H, m), 6.29 (1H, dt, J = 2.3 Hz and 11.4 Hz), 6.33-6.39 (1H, m), 6.40-6.47 (1H, m), 7.04-7.16 (1H, m) 33 —H —H —F —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.47 (9H, s), 1.78-1.96 (1H, m), 2.10-2.28 (1H, m), 2.10-2.28 (1H, m), 3.11-3.30 (1H, m), 3.30-3.56 (2H, m), 3.57-3.79 (2H, m), 3.85-4.03 (1H, m), 6.38-6.47 (1H, m), 6.60 (1H, dd, J = 6.0 Hz and 2.9 Hz), 6.90-7.00 (1H, m) 34 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.1-2.2 (1H, m), 2.21 (3H, s), 3.1-3.3 (1H, m), 3.3-3.8 (4H, m), 3.8-4.1 (1H, m), 6.3-6.5 (2H, m), 6.83 (1H, dd, J = 8.9 Hz, J = 8.9 Hz) 35 —H —H —H —CN —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.6 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 3.9-4.1 (2H, m), 6.7-6.9 (2H, m), 6.99 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.23 (1H, dd, J = 7.6 Hz, J = 8.4 Hz) 36 —H —H —F —CF₃ —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.47 (9H, s), 1.76-1.96 (1H, m), 2.11-2.27 (1H, m), 3.13-3.32 (1H, m), 3.37-3.53 (2H, m), 3.61-3.84 (2H, m), 3.92-4.06 (1H, m), 6.66-6.76 (2H, m), 7.02 (1H, dd, J = 9.5 Hz, 9.5 Hz). 37 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.47 (9H, s), 1.80-1.92 (1H, brs), 2.11-2.26 (1H, m), 3.15-3.30 (1H, m), 3.40-3.55 (2H, m), 3.60-3.75 (1H, m), 3.79-3.89 (1H, m), 3.91-4.04 (1H, m), 6.42 (1H, dd, J = 2.7 Hz and 8.7 Hz), 6.66 (1H, d, J = 2.7 Hz), 7.19 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz)

TABLE 2

Ref. Ex. No. R1 NMR 38

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.20-1.30 (2H, m), 1.46 (9H, s), 1.50-1.70 (5H, m), 1.80-1.92 (2H, m), 2.05-2.12 (1H, m), 2.92-3.05 (1H, m), 3.06-3.15 (1H, m), 3.25-3.65 (4H, m). 39

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.00-1.30 (5H, m), 1.46 (9H, s), 1.47-1.96 (6H, m), 2.00-2.10 (1H, m), 2.40-2.50 (1H, m), 2.91-3.02 (1H, m), 3.25-3.35 (1H, m), 3.38-3.65 (3H, m). 40

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.47 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (2H, m), 3.9-4.1 (1H, m), 6.88 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.0-7.2 (1H, m), 6.8-7.1 (2H, m), 7.9-8.0 (1H, m), 8.03 (1H, s) 41

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.47 (9H, s), 1.82-2.00 (1H, m), 2.18-2.32 (1H, m), 3.14-3.37 (1H, m), 3.39-3.56 (2H, m), 3.73 (1H, dd, J = 6.0 Hz, 11.5 Hz), 4.37-4.52 (1H, m), 4.59-4.71 (1H, m), 7.84 (1H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 7.90 (1H, d, J = 1.0 Hz), 8.00 (1H, brs). 42

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.79-1.95 (1H, m), 1.97-2.24 (3H, m), 2.82 (4H, dd, J = 7.5 Hz, 14.5 Hz), 3.13-3.29 (1H, m), 3.36-3.81 (4H, m), 3.95-4.08 (1H, m), 6.42 (1H, dd, J = 2.0 Hz, 8.0 Hz), 6.52 (1H, brs), 7.04 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz). 43

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.73-2.01 (1H, m), 2.15-2.31 (1H, m), 3.12-3.35 (1H, m), 3.38-3.59 (2H, m), 3.65-3.79 (1H, m), 4.27-4.42 (1H, m), 4.48-4.65 (1H, m), 6.35-6.42 (1H, m), 6.56-6.64 (1H, m), 7.38-7.46 (1H, m), 8.04-8.15 (2H, m) 44

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.55-1.71 (1H, m), 1.74-2.01 (1H, m), 2.16-2.29 (1H, m), 3.19-3.36 (1H, m), 3.40-3.59 (1H, m), 3.63-3.85 (2H, m), 4.01-4.19 (1H, m), 6.71 (1H, dd, J = 2.2 Hz and 8.6 Hz), 6.99 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 7.13-7.21 (1H, m), 7.35-7.43 (1H, m), 7.59-7.68 (1H, m) 45

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.46 (9H, s), 1.88-2.01 (1H, m), 2.19-2.29 (1H, m), 3.20-3.36 (1H, m), 3.41-3.59 (2H, m), 3.68-3.90 (2H, m), 4.03-4.18 (1H, m), 6.69 (1H, dd, J = 2.1 Hz and 8.6 Hz), 7.03 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 7.11 (1H, d, J = 5.2 Hz), 7.17 (1H, d, J = 5.3 Hz), 7.59 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz)

TABLE 3

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 NMR 46 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.73-1.93 (1H, m), 2.05-2.23 (1H, m), 3.10-3.36 (3H, m), 3.61-3.83 (1H, m), 4.33-4.50 (1H, m), 6.48 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and J = 10.3 Hz), 6.74 (1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz), 6.96-7.07 (2H, m), 7.16-7.34 (2H, m), 7.35-7.46 (2H, m). 47 —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.75-1.92 (1H, m), 2.00-2.20 (1H, m), 2.46 (3H, s), 3.09- 3.33 (3H, m), 3.62-3.83 (1H, m), 4.38-4.55 (1H, m), 6.77-6.88 (4H, m), 6.97-7.08 (1H, m), 7.18-7.33 (4H, m) 48 —H —H —Cl —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.78-1.87 (1H, m), 2.05-2.16 (1H, m), 3.13-3.27 (3H, m), 3.68-3.79 (1H, m), 4.39-4.45 (1H, m), 6.68-6.75 (2H, m), 6.90 (2H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.05-7.15 (1H, m), 7.16-7.25 (2H, m), 7.30-7.40 (2H, m). 49 —H —H —H —Cl —Cl ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.36-1.49 (9H, m), 1.80-1.98 (1H, m), 2.03-2.29 (1H, m), 3.19-3.41 (3H, m), 3.64-3.89 (1H, m), 4.44-4.59 (1H, m), 6.52 (2H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 6.74-6.85 (1H, m), 7.12-7.33 (4H, m), 7.46-7.52 (1H, m) 50 —H —H —OCF₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.76-1.91 (1H, m), 2.02-2.21 (1H, m), 3.08-3.86 (4H, m), 4.38-4.53 (1H, m), 6.76 (2H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 6.90-6.96 (2H, m), 7.03-7.22 (3H, m), 7.29-7.40 (2H, m) 51 —H —H —CO₂CH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.73-1.92 (1H, m), 2.08-2.28 (1H, m), 3.12-3.34 (3H, m), 3.69-3.88 (4H, m with s at φ3.84), 4.49-4.65 (1H, m), 6.50-6.59 (2H, m,), 7.08-7.16 (2H, m), 7.31-7.51 (3H, m), 7.82 (2H, d, J = 6.1 Hz) 52 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.73-1.89 (1H, m), 2.02-2.21 (1H, m), 3.09-3.33 (3H, m), 3.62-3.85 (1H, m), 4.35-4.45 (1H, m), 6.42 (2H, d, J = 1.6 Hz), 6.74 (1H, s), 7.02-7.11 (2H, m), 7.30-7.50 (3H, m) 53 —H —H —NO₂ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.78-1.95 (1H, m), 2.09-2.28 (1H, m), 3.10-3.38 (3H, m), 3.71-3.92 (1H, m), 4.52-4.69 (1H, m), 6.48-6.55 (2H, m), 7.08-7.18 (2H, m), 7.39-7.58 (3H, m), 8.04 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz) 54 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.80-1.85 (1H, m), 2.00-2.15 (1H, m), 2.34 (3H, s), 3.18- 3.25 (3H, m), 3.65-3.80 (1H, m), 4.40-4.50 (1H, m), 6.73 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 6.85-6.90 (3H, m), 7.10-7.26 (4H, m). 55 —H —H —CHO —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.80-1.88 (1H, m), 2.10-2.20 (1H, m), 3.15-3.30 (3H, m), 3.70-3.85 (1H, m), 4.55-4.65 (1H, m), 6.59 (2H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.10-7.15 (2H, m), 7.40-7.60 (3H, m), 7.60-7.70 (2H, m), 9.75 (1H, s). 56 —H —H —Br —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.41 (9H, s), 1.80-1.88 (1H, m), 2.05-2.20 (1H, m), 3.15-3.30 (3H, m), 3.65-3.75 (1H, m), 4.38-4.46 (1H, m), 6.65 (2H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 6.94 (2H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.10-7.40 (5H, m). 57 —H —H —OCH₃ —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-1.88 (1H, m), 2.05-2.15 (1H, m), 3.15-3.30 (3H, m), 3.65-3.80 (1H, m), 3.90 (3H, s), 4.38-4.44 (1H, m), 6.65-6.70 (2H, m), 6.82-6.90 (3H, m), 7.07 (1H, s), 7.15-7.25 (2H, m).

TABLE 4

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 NMR 58 —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.80-1.86 (1H, m), 2.00-2.12 (1H, m), 3.15-3.26 (3H, m), 3.65-3.78 (1H, m), 3.82 (3H, s), 4.40-4.50 (1H, m), 6.63 (2H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 6.75-6.80 (1H, m), 6.86-6.95 (2H, m), 7.00 (2H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.10-7.20 (2H, m). 59 —H —H —OC₂H₅ —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.47 (3H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.75-1.92 (1H, m), 2.01-2.21 (1H, m), 3.11-3.36 (3H, m), 3.64-3.83 (1H, m), 4.10 (2H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.36-4.51 (1H, m), 6.67-6.74 (2H, m), 6.83-6.93 (3H, m), 7.04-7.08 (2H, m), 7.14-7.27 (2H, m . . . 60 —H —H —OC₃H₇ —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.08 (3H, t, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.95 (1H, m), 1.96-2.20 (1H, m), 3.15-3.38 (3H, m), 3.60-3.85 (1H, m), 3.98 (2H, t, J = 6.5 Hz), 4.37-4.51 (1H, m), 6.66-6.73 (2H, m), 6.81-6.93 (3H, m), 7.03-7.09 (1H, m), 7.14-7.28 (2H, m) 61 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.24 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.69 (2H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 6.7-7.1 (4H, m), 7.1-7.3 (2H, m) 62 —H —OCH₃ —F —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6- 3.8 (1H, m), 3.76 (3H, s), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.0-6.3 (2H, m), 6.92 (2H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.0-7.2 (1H, m), 7.2-7.4 (2H, m) 63 —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.75-1.92 (1H, m), 2.00-2.24 (1H, m), 3.10-3.32 (3H, m), 3.61-3.83 (1H, m), 4.41-4.53 (1H, m), 6.72 (2H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 6.85-7.10 (5H, m), 7.16-7.28 (2H, m) 64 —H —H —H —H —Cl ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.30-1.50 (total 9H, m with two ss at δ1.41 and 1.44), 1.79-1.96 (1H, m), 2.06-2.32 (1H, m), 3.12-3.41 (3H, m), 3.64-3.91 (1H, m), 4.41-4.60 (1H, m), 6.52 (2H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 6.70-6.81 (1H, m), 7.21-7.41 (5H, m), 7.47-7.58 (1H, m) 65 —H —H —H —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.88 (1H, m), 2.07-2.20 (1H, m), 3.15-3.31 (3H, m), 3.65-3.74 (1H, m), 4.40-4.51 (1H, m), 6.55 (2H, dd, J = 1.2 Hz and 4.8 Hz), 6.67 (1H, t, J = 1.2 Hz), 6.80-6.85 (1H, m), 6.98-7.03 (1H, m), 7.07-7.14 (1H, m), 7.21-7.28 (1H, m), 7.34-7.43 (1H, m)

TABLE 5

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR 66 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.73-1.91 (1H, m), 2.01-2.21 (1H, m), 3.09-3.38 (3H, m), 3.60-3.82 (1H, m), 4.29-4.48 (1H, m), 6.41 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and J = 8.9 Hz), 6.67 (1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz), 6.90-7.22 (5H, m) 67 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H —F —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.73-1.92 (1H, m), 2.05-2.28 (1H, m), 3.12-3.35 (3H, m), 3.63-3.86 (1H, m), 4.35-4.51 (1H, m), 6.39 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and 9.0 Hz), 6.66 (1H, d, J = 2.7 Hz), 7.08-7.28 (4H, m), 7.31-7.45 (1H, m) 68 —H —H —H —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.74-1.91 (1H, m), 2.02-2.21 (1H, m), 3.10-3.35 (3H, m), 3.62-3.82 (1H, m), 4.39-4.51 (1H, m), 6.39 (1H, dt, J = 1.4 Hz and J = 11.7 Hz), 6.47 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 6.55- 6.65 (1H, m), 6.89-6.98 (2H, m), 7.09-7.21 (1H, m), 7.29-7.38 (2H, m) 69 —H —H —H —F —H —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.74-1.92 (1H, m), 2.06-2.29 (1H, m), 3.08-3.89 (4H, m), 4.35-4.51 (1H, m), 6.27 (1H, dt, J = 2.3 Hz and J = 12.3 Hz), 6.35 (1H, d, J = 7.0 Hz), 6.41-6.53 (1H, m), 7.01-7.21 (5H, m) 70 —H —H —H —F —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.75-1.91 (1H, m), 2.01-2.21 (1H, m), 2.50 (1H, s), 3.11-3.32 (3H, m), 3.63-3.83 (1H, m) 4.38-4.51 (1H, m), 6.34 (1H, dt, J = 2.3 Hz and J = 12.1 Hz), 6.42 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 6.48-6.58 (1H, m), 6.92-7.01 (2H, m), 7.05-7.18 (1H, m), 7.22-7.31 (2H, m) 71 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —Cl —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.75-1.92 (1H, m), 2.01-2.20 (1H, m), 3.10-3.33 (3H, m), 3.61-3.81 (1H, m), 4.32-4.99 (1H, m), 6.61 (2H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 6.94-7.19 (6H, m) 72 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.80-1.88 (1H, m), 2.00-2.15 (1H, m), 3.10-3.30 (3H, m), 3.60-3.75 (1H, m), 4.30-4.38 (1H, m), 6.75-6.85 (4H, m), 6.90-7.00 (4H, m). 73 —H —H —H —F —H —H —F —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.95 (1H, m), 2.02-2.26 (1H, m), 3.12-3.39 (3H, m), 3.65-3.83 (1H, m), 4.35-4.51 (1H, m), 6.61 (2H, dt, J = 2.1 Hz and J = 11.0 Hz), 6.61-6.68 (2H, m), 6.77 (2H, t, J = 8.0 Hz), 7.18-7.31 (2H, m) 74 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —F —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.75-1.92 (1H, m), 2.02-2.35 (1H, m), 3.12-3.38 (3H, m), 3.63-3.85 (1H, m), 4.35-4.50 (1H, m), 6.38 (1H, dt, J = 2.3 Hz and 11.7 Hz), 6.90 (1H, ddd, J = 4.2 Hz, J = 4.2 Hz and J = 8.8 Hz), 7.08 (1H, dd, J = 2.6 Hz and J = 6.5 Hz), 7.11-7.22 (1H, m) 75 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.21 (6H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.6-6.7 (4H, m), 6.8-7.0 (2H, m) 76 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —F —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.27 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.26 (1H, d, J = 12.4 Hz), 6.3-6.5 (2H, m), 6.8-7.2 (4H, m)

TABLE 6

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR 77 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.40 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.6-6.8 (3H, m), 6.85 (1H, d, J = 6.4 Hz), 6.92 (1H, d, J = 7.3 Hz), 6.9-7.1 (1H, m), 7.1-7.3 (1H, m) 78 —H —H —H —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.34 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.33 (1H, d, J = 12.2 Hz), 6.42 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 6.4-6.6 (1H, m), 6.8-6.9 (2H, m), 7.0-7.2 (2H, m), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m) 79 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.22 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.6-6.8 (4H, m), 6.8-7.1 (3H, m) 80 —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.27 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.54 (2H, d, J = 6.5 Hz), 6.74 (1H, d, J = 7.1 Hz), 6.8-7.2 (5H, m) 81 —H —H —H —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.38 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.28 (1H, d, J = 12.5 Hz), 6.3-6.5 (2H, m), 6.96 (2H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.0-7.3 (3H, m) 82 —H —H —CH₃ —Cl —H —H —F —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.37 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.38 (1H, d, J = 11.9 Hz), 6.46 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 6.57 (1H, dd, J = 8.1 Hz, 7.8 Hz), 6.82 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.02 (1H, s), 7.1-7.3 (2H, m) 83 —H —H —Cl —CH₃ —H —H —F —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.35 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.36 (1H, d, J = 11.9 Hz), 6.43 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 6.55 (1H, dd, J = 8.0 Hz, 8.1 Hz), 6.80 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 6.89 (1H, s), 7.1-7.2 (1H, m), 7.3-7.4 (1H, m) 84 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —Cl —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.75-1.92 (1H, m), 2.03-2.22 (1H, m), 3.11-3.39 (3H, m), 3.61-3.79 (1H, m), 4.26-4.42 (1H, m), 6.42-6.75 (2H, m), 6.87-6.91 (2H, m), 7.06 (1H, dd, J = 8.5 Hz, 8.5 Hz). 85 —H —H —H —F —H —H —CN —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.9 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.4-4.5 (1H, m), 6.68 (1H, d, J = 10.2 Hz), 6.75 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 6.9-7.0 (3H, m), 7.1-7.4 (3H, m)

TABLE 7

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR 86 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —CN —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.44 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.7-6.9 (2H, m), 6.9-7.0 (1H, m), 7.0-7.4 (4H, m), 87 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.75-1.91 (1H, m), 2.02-2.18 (1H, m), 3.11-3.35 (3H, m), 3.60-3.79 (1H, m), 3.83 (3H, s), 4.29-4.42 (1H, m), 6.44 (1H, dt, J = 3.5 Hz and J = 8.9 Hz), 6.61 (1H, dd, J = 2.8 Hz and J = 6.1 Hz), 6.86-7.01 (5H, m) 88 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.75-1.91 (1H, m), 2.02-2.20 (1H, m), 2.37 (1H, s), 3.11-3.38 (3H, m), 3.60-3.83 (1H, m), 4.29-4.49 (1H, m), 6.56 (1H, dt, J = 3.6 Hz and J = 9.0 Hz), 6.74 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and J = 6.3 Hz), 6.86 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 6.91-7.02 (1H, m), 7.11-7.21 (2H, m) 89 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.32-1.50 (12H, m, with s at δ1.42 and t at δ 1.43, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.74-1.91 (1H, m), 2.01-2.18 (1H, m), 3.10-3.32 (3H, m), 3.58-3.81 (1H, m), 4.06 (2H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 4.28-4.42 (1H, m), 6.44 (1H, dt, J = 3.2 Hz and J = 9.0 Hz), 6.61 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and J = 6.1 Hz), 6.84-7.01 (5H, m) with at δ6.96, J = 2.5 Hz) 90 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —C₂H₅ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.25 (3H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.72-1.91 (1H, m), 2.00-2.20 (1H, m), 2.64 (2H, q, J = 7.5 Hz), 3.10- 3.46 (3H, m), 3.60-3.81 (1H, m), 4.30-4.49 (1H, m), 6.53-6.61 (1H, m), 6.76 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and J = 6.3 Hz), 6.87 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 6.91-7.03 (1H, m), 7.12-7.22 (2H, m) 91 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —CO₂C₂H₅ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.35 (3H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.95 (1H, m), 2.09-2.27 (1H, m), 3.11-3.39 (3H, m), 3.69- 3.85 (1H, m), 4.32 (2H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.93-4.61 (1H, m), 6.57 (2H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 6.96-7.04 (1H, m), 7.14- 7.29 (2H, m), 7.81-7.94 (2H, m) 92 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —CO₂H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.33 (9H, s), 1.72-1.88 (1H, m), 2.06-2.26 (1H, m), 2.99-3.23 (3H, m), 3.61 (1H, dd, J = 6.4 Hz and J = 11.3 Hz), 4.53-4.69 (1H, m), 6.57-6.65 (2H, m), 7.19-7.28 (1H, m), 7.46-7.58 (2H, m), 7.68-7.78 (2H, m), 12.3 (1H, brs) 93 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.74-1.92 (1H, m), 2.00-2.20 (1H, m), 2.30 (3H, s), 3.13-3.32 (3H, m), 3.62-3.80 (1H, m), 4.33-4.48 (1H, m), 6.74 (2H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.80-6.88 (2H, m), 6.90-7.02 (2H, m), 7.03-7.13 (2H, m).

TABLE 8

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR 94 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.70-1.87 (1H, m), 2.00-2.13 (1H, m), 2.97 (6H, s), 3.10-3.29 (3H, m), 3.59-3.77 (1H, m), 4.28-4.38 (1H, m), 6.41 (1H, dt, J = 3.4, 9.1 Hz), 6.57-6.61 (1H, m), 6.68-6.72 (2H, m), 6.84-6.94 (3H, m). 95 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —CN —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.92 (1H, m), 2.09-2.17 (1H, m), 3.11-3.32 (3H, m), 3.70-3.89 (1H, m), 4.45-4.53 (1H, m), 6.56 (2H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.02 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6, 4.2, 8.7 Hz)), 7.18-7.28 (2H, m), 7.43 (2H, d, J = 7.9 Hz). 96 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.90 (1H, m), 2.09-2.23 (1H, m), 3.12-3.34 (3H, m), 3.65-3.80 (1H, m), 4.40-4.52 (1H, m), 6.64 (2H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.02 (1H, ddd, J = 2.7, 4.1, 8.6 Hz), 7.15-7.25 (2H, m), 7.42 (2H, d, J = 7.7 Hz). 97 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.82-1.90 (1H, m), 2.04-2.18 (1H, m), 3.15-3.32 (3H, m), 3.65-3.80 (1H, m), 3.76 (3H, s), 4.33-4.43 (1H, m), 6.35 (1H, t, J = 2.3 Hz), 6.59 (1H, dd, J = 1.8, 8.2 Hz), 6.74-6.79 (1H, m), 6.95 (1H, dd, J = 2.7, 6.4 Hz), 7.02-7.10 (1H, m), 7.15-7.22 (1H, m). 98 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.38 (3H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-1.90 (1H, m), 2.03-2.18 (1H, m), 3.16-3.32 (3H, m), 3.60-3.69 (1H, m), 3.96 (2H, q, J = 7.0), 4.31-4.41 (1H, m), 6.37 (1H, t, J = 2.2 Hz), 6.41 (1H, dd, J = 1.58, 8.0 Hz), 6.59 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 6.75 (1H, ddd, J = 2.9, 3.9, 8.8 Hz), 6.93 (1H, dd, J = 2.8, 6.4 Hz), 7.00-7.08 (1H, m), 7.14- 7.25 (1H, m). 99 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.92 (1H, m), 2.04-2.20 (1H, m), 2.44 (3H, s), 3.11-3.33 (3H, m), 3.60-3.80 (1H, m), 4.31-4.45 (1H, m), 6.57 (1H, ddd, J = 0.8, 2.3, 8.1 Hz), 6.70 (1H, t, 1.9 Hz), 6.76 (1H, ddd, J = 2.8, 4.0, 8.9 Hz), 6.90-6.96 (2H, m), 7.03-7.11 (1H, m), 7.16- 7.23 (1H, m). 100  —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-1.90 (1H, m), 2.01-2.20 (1H, m), 2.31 (3H, s), 3.18-3.38 (3H, m), 3.70-3.88 (1H, m), 4.50-4.59 (1H, m), 6.50 (2H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 6.85-6.97 (2H, m), 7.07-7.15 (1H, m), 8.03 (2H, d, J = 7.9 Hz). 101  —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —CN —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.81-1.93 (1H, m), 2.08-2.20 (1H, m), 2.35 (3H, s), 3.18-3.30 (3H, m), 3.65-3.78 (1H, m), 4.45-4.55 (1H, m), 6.50 (2H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 6.83-6.99 (2H, m), 7.03-7.15 (1H, m), 7.32-7.43 (2H, m).

TABLE 9

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR 102 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.90 (1H, m), 2.00-2.18 (1H, m), 2.24 (3H, s), 2.27 (3H, s), 3.12-3.30 (3H, m), 3.62- 3.71 (1H, m), 4.39-4.50 (1H, m), 6.50-6.52 (2H, m), 6.68-6.72 (1H, m), 6.77-6.84 (2H, m), 6.93-7.01 (1H, m), 7.06-7.11 (1H, m). 103 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —C₃H₇ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 0.96 (3H, t, J = 7.3 Hz), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.61-1.70 (2H, m), 1.76-1.89 (1H, m), 2.01-2.18 (1H, m), 2.51-2.65 (2H, m), 3.11-3.35 (3H, m), 3.62-3.82 (1H, m), 4.31- 4.43 (1H, m), 6.55-6.59 (1H, m), 6.76 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and 6.3 Hz), 6.86 (2H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 6.97 (1H, q, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.11-7.19 (2H, m) 104 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —C(CH₃)₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.31 (9H, s), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.89 (1H, m), 2.02- 2.19 (1H, m), 3.11-3.34 (3H, m), 3.62-3.80 (1H, m), 4.32-4.45 (1H, m), 6.59-6.65 (1H, m), 6.79-6.88 (2H, m with dd at δ6.81, J = 2.8 Hz and 6.3 Hz), 6.99 (1H, q, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.29-7.38 (2H, m) 105 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.89 (1H, m), 2.03-2.09 (1H, m), 2.51 (3H, s), 3.13-3.34 (3H, m), 3.63-3.80 (1H, m), 6.65-6.69 (1H, m), 6.80-6.86 (3H, m), 7.02 (1H, q, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.21-7.27 (2H, m) 106 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —SO₂CH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-1.91 (1H, m), 2.11-2.29 (1H, m), 3.01 (3H, s), 3.16-3.40 (3H, m), 3.70-3.86 (1H, m), 4.49-4.61 (1H, m), 6.62 (2H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.03 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6 Hz, 4.1 Hz and 8.6 Hz), 7.01-7.06 (1H, m), 7.19-7.23 (1H, m), 7.24-7.31 (1H, m), 7.66-7.74 (2H, m) 107 —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.91 (1H, m), 2.02-2.18 (1H, m), 2.40 (3H, s), 3.11-3.30 (3H, m), 3.71-3.80 (1H, m), 4.35-4.50 (1H, m), 6.45 (1H, dd, J = 2.0, 8.1 Hz), 6.56 (1H, brs), 6.75 (1H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 6.97-7.15 (5H, m). 108 —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.91 (1H, m), 2.08-2.23 (1H, m), 2.29 (3H, s), 3.14-3.33 (3H, m), 3.71-3.82 (1H, m), 4.45-4.55 (1H, m), 6.75-6.84 (1H, m), 6.89-6.99 (2H, m), 7.03-7.28 (2H, m), 7.41-7.55 (1H, m), 7.55-7.58 (1H, m). 109 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.90 (1H, m), 2.02-2.19 (1H, m), 2.24 (3H, s), 3.13-3.30 (3H, m), 3.63-3.82 (1H, m), 3.73 (3H, s), 4.39-4.52 (1H, m), 6.19 (1H, s), 6.25- 6.28 (1H, m), 6.38-6.41 (1H, m), 6.80-6.91 (2H, m), 6.92-7.06 (1H, m), 7.07-7.13 (1H, m).

TABLE 10

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR 110 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —F —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.92 (1H, m), 2.03-2.23 (1H, m), 3.12-3.36 (3H, m), 3.61-3.82 (1H, m), 4.31-4.50 (1H, m), 6.57 (1H, dt, J = 2.2 Hz and 10.7 Hz), 6.61-6.66 (1H, m), 6.69 (1H, dd, J = 2.7 Hz and 8.7 Hz), 6.75-6.85 (1H, m), 6.95 (1H, d, J = 2.7 Hz), 7.19-7.39 (2H, m) 111 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H

—H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.59-1.75 (3H, m), 1.79-1.92 (3H, m), 1.95-2.15 (2H, m), 3.11-3.32 (3H, m), 3.58-3.79 (2H, m), 3.89-3.99 (1H, m), 4.30-4.43 (1H, m), 5.30 (1H, s), 6.43-6.44 (1H, m), 6.62-6.67 (1H, m), 6.85-6.97 (3H, m), 7.02-7.10 (2H, m) 112 —H —H —F —CF₃ —H —H —Cl —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.76-1.91 (1H, m), 2.03- 2.09 (1H, m), 3.11-3.37 (3H, m), 3.61- 3.79 (1H, m), 4.32-4.45 (1H, m), 6.73- 6.79 (1H, m), 6.93-6.98 (2H, m), 7.01-7.04 (1H, m), 7.05-7.16 (2H, m)

TABLE 11

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 113 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.68-1.72 (1H, m), 1.99-2.21 (1H, m), 3.06-3.31 (3H, m), 3.83 (1H, dd, J = 7.2 Hz and 10.7 Hz), 5.32-5.49 (1H, m), 5.96 (1H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 6.52-6.65 (1H, m), 7.10-7.29 (3H, m), 7.31-7.52 (3H, m), 8.15-8.23 (1H, m) 114 —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.75-1.94 (1H, m), 2.09-2.38 (1H, m), 3.12-3.49 (3H, m), 3.70-3.85 (1H, m), 4.40-4.60 (1H, m), 6.49-6.61 (2H, m), 6.68-6.79 (1H, m), 7.16-7.31 (3H, m), 8.27 (1H, s), 8.36-8.44 (1H, m) 115 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.45 (9H, s), 1.70-1.89 (1H, m), 2.02-2.25 (1H, m), 3.04-3.49 (3H, m), 3.84 (1H, dd, J = 7.1 Hz and 10.8 Hz), 5.30-5.49 (1H, m), 6.02 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 6.58-6.72 (1H, m), 7.02-7.39 (4H, m), 8.16-8.28 (1H, m) 116 —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.68-1.89 (1H, m), 2.00-2.20 (1H, m), 2.43 (3H, d, J = 4.6 Hz), 3.09-3.30 (3H, m), 3.72- 3.95 (1H, m), 5.39-5.58 (1H, m), 5.74 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.33-6.53 (1H, m), 7.05-7.20 (3H, m), 7.29-7.50 31H, m) 117 —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.68-1.85 (1H, m), 1.95-2.20 (4H, m with s at δ2.17), 3.03-3.31 (3H, m), 3.75-3.88 (1H, m), 5.24-5.47 (1H, m), 5.92 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.07 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.11-7.19 (2H, m), 7.29-7.31 (3H, m), 8.00 (1H, d, J = 5.2 Hz) 118 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.65-1.87 (1H, m), 1.95-2.12 (1H, m), 2.17 (3H, s), 3.05-3.31 (3H, m), 3.78-3.88 (1H, m), 5.21-5.45 (1H, m), 5.92 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.07 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.10-7.20 (2H, m), 7.28-7.31 (3H, m), 7.96-8.05 (1H, m) 119 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.69-1.71 (1H, m), 1.90-2.10 (1H, m), 2.19 (3H, s), 3.01-3.36 (3H, m), 3.76-3.86 (1H, m), 5.19-5.36 (1H, m), 5.96 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.01- 7.06 (1H, m), 7.07-7.17 (2H, m), 7.18-7.26 (2H, m), 8.01 (1H, d, J = 12.5 Hz) 120 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.68-1.81 (1H, m), 2.02-2.20 (4H, m with s at δ2.12), 3.04-3.32 (3H, m), 3.78-3.84 (1H, m), 5.29-5.42 (1H, m), 5.80 (1H, s), 6.40-6.53 (1H, m), 7.02-7.10 (1H, m), 7.11-7.25 (2H, m), 8.05 (1H, dd, J = 5.0 Hz and 12.2 Hz)

TABLE 12

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 121 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.44 (9H, s), 1.68-1.82 (1H, m), 2.00-2.19 (1H, m), 2.39-2.49 (3H, m), 3.02-3.37 (3H, m), 3.74- 3.84 (1H, m), 5.32-5.51 (1H, m), 5.70-5.81 (1H, m), 6.41-6.57 (1H, m), 7.04 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6 Hz, 4.3 Hz and 8.7 Hz), 7.10-7.30 (3H, m) 122 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.62-1.82 (1H, m), 2.01-2.22 (1H, m), 3.03-3.31 (3H, m), 3.79 (1H, dd, J = 7.0, 10.8 Hz), 5.21-5.27 (1H, m), 5.96 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.04 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6, 4.2, 8.6), 7.20- 7.26 (4H, m), 8.12-8.14 (1H, m). 123 —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.63-1.79 (1H, m), 2.02-2.26 (1H, m), 3.03-3.35 (3H, m), 3.84 (1H, dd, J = 7.0 Hz, 11.0 Hz), 5.30-5.41 (1H, m), 5.97 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.62-6.73 (1H, m), 7.26-7.47 (4H, m), 8.18-8.26 (1H, m). 124 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.68-1.82 (1H, m), 2.00-2.19 (1H, m), 2.29 (3H, s), 3.10-3.29 (3H, m), 3.79 (1H, dd, J = 7.1, 10.8 Hz), 5.15-5.32 (1H, m), 5.93 (1H, d, J = 9.1 Hz), 6.90-6.99 (2H, m), 7.01-7.21 (2H, m), 8.11-8.12 (1H, m). 125 —H —H —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.73-1.82 (1H, m), 2.00-2.17 (1H, m), 3.06-3.29 (3H, m), 3.79 (1H, dd, J = 7.1, 10.8 Hz), 5.15-5.32 (1H, m), 5.92 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.07-7.27 (5H, m), 8.12 (1H, d, J = 4.7). 126 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.0-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 5.2-5.4 (1H, m), 6.15 (1H, s), 6.82 (1H, d, J = 5.0 Hz), 7.0-7.1 (1H, m), 7.2-7.4 (2H, m), 8.3-8.4 (1H, m) 127 —H —Cl —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 3.90 (3H, s), 5.1-5.3 (1H, m), 5.51 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 6.09 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.0-7.1 (1H, m), 7.2-7.4 (3H, m)

TABLE 13

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 128 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.98 (1H, m), 2.08-2.29 (1H, m), 3.12-3.41 (3H, m), 3.65-3.85 (1H, m), 4.38-4.51 (1H, m), 6.83-6.91 (1H, m), 7.00-7.23 (4H, m with dd at δ7.04, J = 2.7 Hz and J = 6.4 Hz), 8.14 (1H, s), 8.22 (1H, d, J = 4.4 Hz) 129 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.26 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3- 4.5 (1H, m), 6.8-7.1 (5H, m), 7.9-8.1 (2H, m) 130 —H —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.73-1.96 (1H, m), 2.01-2.29 (1H, m), 3.11-3.40 (3H, m), 3.64-3.86 (1H, m), 4.37-4.56 (1H, m), 6.79-6.94 (3H, m), 7.02-7.15 (1H, m), 7.19-7.40 (3H, m), 7.80 (1H, brs) 131 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1- 3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 3.96 (3H, s), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.50 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 6.67 (1H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 6.78 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 6.9-7.0 (1H, m), 7.26 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.92 (1H, s) 132 —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.41 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1- 3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.71 (1H, d, J = 6.9 Hz), 6.83 (1H, s), 7.03 (1H, dd, J = 6.9 Hz, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.1-7.3 (2H, m), 8.24 (1H, s), 8.36 (1H, s)

TABLE 14

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 133 —H —F —F —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.4-4.5 (1H, m), 6.6-6.7 (1H, m), 6.7-6.9 (1H, m), 7.0-7.3 (3H, m), 8.16 (1H, d, J = 6.6 Hz), 8.25 (1H, s) 134 —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-1.9 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.4-4.5 (1H, m), 6.47 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 6.54 (1H, d, J = 11.2 Hz), 7.2-7.4 (3H, m), 8.30 (1H, s), 8.45 (1H, s) 135 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.9 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.4-4.5 (1H, m), 6.63 (1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 6.90 (1H, s), 7.2- 7.4 (3H, m), 8.27 (1H, s), 8.41 (1H, s) 136 —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.74-1.94 (1H, m), 2.06-2.28 (1H, m), 3.12-3.38 (3H, m), 3.65-3.82 (1H, m), 4.38- 4.56 (1H, m), 7.01-7.25 (5H, m), 8.16 (1H, s), 8.28 (1H, d, J = 4.5 Hz). 137 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.97 (1H, m), 2.03-2.23 (1H, m), 3.11-3.29 (3H, m), 3.63-3.79 (1H, m), 4.38- 4.50 (1H, m), 6.83-6.92 (1H, m), 7.01-7.12 (5H, m), 8.01-8.10 (2H, m).

TABLE 15

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 138 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.77-1.92 (1H, m), 1.95-2.27 (1H, m), 3.10-3.38 (3H, m), 3.68-3.89 (1H, m), 4.41-4.61 (1H, m), 6.32-6.40 (2H, m), 7.08-7.15 (2H, m), 7.38-7.54 (3H, m), 8.12-8.22 (1H, m) 139 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.73-1.95 (1H, m), 2.07-2.27 (1H, m), 3.12-3.38 (3H, m), 3.65-3.84 (1H, m), 4.41-4.61 (1H, m), 6.32-6.41 (2H, m), 6.99-7.08 (1H, m), 7.18-7.32 (2H, m with dd at δ7.21, J = 2.5 Hz and J = 6.6 Hz), 8.12-8.31 (2H, m) 140 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.40 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.1-6.3 (2H, m), 6.9-7.1 (1H, m), 7.1-7.3 (2H, m), 8.12 (1H, d, J = 5.0 Hz)

TABLE 16

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 141 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 0.80-1.36 (6H, m), 1.44 (9H, s), 1.61-1.99 (6 H m), 2 75- 2.93 (1H, m), 2.95-3.09 (1H, m), 3.15-3.31 (1H, m), 3.33- 3.68 (2H, m), 3.87-4.07 (1H, m), 6.86-6.98 (2H, m), 6.98- 7.07 (2H, m) 142 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.44 (9H, s), 1.61-1.81 (3H, m), 1.89-2.01 (1H, m), 2.95- 3.70 (7H, m), 3.88-4.01 (1H, m), 6.88-7.10 (4H, m) 143 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.19-1.74 (18H, m with s at δ1.46), 1.89-2.02 (1H, m), 2.97-3.63 (5H, m), 3.71-3.91 (1H, m), 6.89-7.07 (2H, m), 7.10 (1H, d, J = 6.4 Hz) 144 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.2-4.4 (1H, m), 5.95 (2H, s), 6.4-6.5 (2H, m), 6.6-6.8 (3H, m), 6.8-7.0 (2H, m) 145 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.44 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.2-4.4 (1H, m), 6.00 (2H, s), 6.4-6.5 (3H, m), 6.66 (1H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 6.7-7.0 (2H, m) 146 —H —H —H —F —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.02 (2H, s), 6.27 (1H, d, J = 12.6 Hz), 6.37 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.4- 6.5 (1H, m), 6.5-6.7 (2H, m), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 7.0-7.2 (1H, m) 147 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.90 (1H, m), 2.04-2.16 (3H, m), 2.79- 2.95 (4H, m), 3.13-3.32 (3H, m , 3.61-3.80 (1H, m), 4.27- 4.45 (1H, m), 6.50-6.57 (1H, m), 6.61-6.79 (2H, m), 6.83 (1H, s), 6.88-7.02 (1H, m), 7.13-7.22 (1H, m). 148 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.45 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.27 (4H, s), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.4-6.6 (3H, m), 6.68 (1H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 6.84 (1H, dd, J = 9.1 Hz, J = 9.1 Hz), 6.9-7.0 (1H, m) 149 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.05-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1- 3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.95 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.85- 7.0 (3H, m), 7.08 (1H, dd, J = 7, 7 Hz), 7.2-7.5 (5H, m), 7.6-7.8 (3H, m). 150 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.40 (9H, d, J = 4.5 Hz), 1.65-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 3.05-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-4.0 (1H, m), 4.6-4.8 (1H, m), 6.54 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.65-6.8 (1H, m), 7.0- 7.25 (2H, m), 7.31 (1H, d, J = 7 Hz), 7.35-7.6 (3H, m), 7.75-8.0 (3H, m).

TABLE 17

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 151 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.40 (9H, s), 1.75-2.0 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1- 3.4 (3H, m), 3.65-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.65 (1H, m), 6.65 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.7-6.85 (2H, m), 7.00 (1H, dd, J = 2, 8.5 Hz), 7.1-7.25 (2H, m), 7.34 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 7.50 (1H, dd, J = 3.5, 8.5 Hz), 7.65 (1H, bs). 152 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.40 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.9 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.4-6.6 (1H, m), 6.64 (1H, s), 6.76 (1H, d, J = 7.4 Hz), 6.8-7.1 (2H, m), 7.31 (1H, s), 7.52 (1H, dd, J = 8.9 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.67 (1H, s) 153 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.41 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.3-4.5 (1H, m), 6.5-6.7 (1H, m), 6.76 (1H, d, J = 6.2 Hz), 6.9-7.1 2H, m), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m), 7.4-7.6 (2H, m), 7.8-7.9 (1H, m) 154 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1- 3.4 (3H, m), 3.65-3.95 (1H, m), 4.4-4.65 (1H, m), 6.82 (2H, dd, J = 1, 8.5 Hz), 6.95 (2H, dd, J = 2, 8.5 Hz), 7.15-7.3 (3H, m), 7.36 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.47 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 7.73 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 8.5 Hz). 155 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.75-1.95 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.95 (1H, m), 4.5-4.75 (1H, m), 6.59 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.7-6.8 (1H, m), 7.05-7.25 (4H, m), 7.3-7.5 (2H, m), 7.86 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz). 156 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.40 (9H, s), 1.75-2.0 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1- 3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.65 (1H, m), 6.76 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.89 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 6.99 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 8.5 Hz), 7.15-7.3 (3H, m), 7.4-7.5 2H, m), 7.82 (1H, dd, J = 3.5, 8.5 Hz). 157 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.75-2.0 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.65-3.9 (1H, m), 4.35-4.55 (1H, m), 6.55-6.7 (1H, m), 6.82 (1H, dd, J = 3, 6.5 Hz), 6.85-7.1 (2H, m), 7.30 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.41 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.48 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 7.76 (1H, d, J = 9 Hz).

TABLE 18

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 158 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.68 (9H, s), 1.7-1.95 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (3H, m), 3.65-3.9 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.26 (1H, d, J = 4 Hz), 6.35-6.45 (1H, m), 6.60 (1H, dd, J = 3, 6 Hz), 6.8-6.95 (1H, m), 6.99 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.25-7.4 (1H, m), 7.53 (1H, br), 8.15 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz). 159 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.63 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.65-3.85 (1H, m), 4.35- 4.45 (1H, m), 6.5-6.65 (2H, m), 6.6-6.8 (1H, m), 6.86 (1H, dd, J = 2, 8.5 Hz), 6.9-7.0 (1H, m), 7.45-7.55 (1H, m), 7.55-7.65 (1H, m), 7.86 (1H, br). 160 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.17 (18H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.40 (9H, s), 1.71 (3H, qq, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 1.75-1.95 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 3.05-3.35 (3H, m), 3.65-3.95 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.35-6.5 (1H, m), 6.6-6.75 (1H, m), 6.8-6.95 (1H, m), 7.0-7.3 (4H, m), 7.52 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz). 161 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.2-3.5 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.8-7.0 (1H, m), 7.0-7.2 (2H, m), 7.4-7.8 (4H, m), 8.02 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 8.41 (1H, s) 162 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.45 (9H, s), 1.90 (3H, s), 2.1-2.2 (1H, m), 2.2-2.3 (1H, m), 3.2-3.5 (3H, m), 3.8-4.0 (1H, m), 4.8-5.0 (1H, m), 6.8-7.0 (1H, m), 7,0-7.1 (2H, m), 7.3-7.5 (1H, m), 7.5-7.7 (2H, m), 7.76 (1H, d, J = 5.9 Hz), 7.9-8.0 (1H, m) 163 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.39 (9H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 1.65-1.85 (1H, m), 1.95-2.2 (1H, m), 3.05-3.35 (3H, m), 3.6-3.95 (1H, m), 4.5- 4.75 (1H, m), 6.25-6.4 (1H, m), 6.57 (1H, dd, J = 3, 6 Hz), 6.75-7.0 (1H, m), 7.3-7.45 (2H, m), 7.78 (1H, dd, J = 7.5. 7.5 Hz), 8.05-8.25 (2H, m), 8.95 (1H, d, J = 3.5 Hz). 164 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.39 (9H, d, J = 6 Hz), 1.65-1.85 (1H, m), 1.95-2.25 (1H, m), 3.05-3.35 (3H, m), 3.7-3.95 (1H, m), 4.6-4.8 (1H, m), 6.54 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.65-6.8 (1H, m), 7.05-7.2 (2H, m), 7.3-7.45 (2H, m), 7.77 (1H, dd, J = 7.5. 7.5 Hz), 8.1-8.25 (2H, m), 8.93 (1H, d, J = 3.5 Hz). 165 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.40 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.6-4.8 (1H, m), 6.3-6.5 (1H, m), 6.5-6.7 (1H, m), 6.8-7.0 (1H, m), 7.5-7.8 (3H, m), 8.08 (1H, d, J = 6.7 Hz), 8.37 (1H, s), 9.28 (1H, s)

TABLE 19

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 166 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.4 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 5.3-5.5 (1H, m), 7.0-7.1 (1H, m), 7.2-7.4 (3H, m), 7.45 (1H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.4-7.6 (3H, m), 7.61 (1H, dd, J = 8.2 Hz, J = 8.5 Hz) 167 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.44 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 3.2-3.5 (3H, m), 3.8-4.0 (1H, m), 5.2-5.4 (1H, m), 7.0-7.4 (4H, m), 7.40 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.50 (1H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.62 (1H, dd, J = 8.2 Hz, J = 8.6 Hz) 168 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 3.2-3.5 (3H, m), 3.80 (3H, s), 3.8-4.0 (1H, m), 5.2-5.4 (1H, m), 6.92 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.03 (1H, s), 7.1-7.3 (2H, m), 7.39 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.52 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz) 169 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.44 (9H, s), 1.9-2.1 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.2-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.6-4.8 (1H, m), 6.77 (1H, d, J = 5.6 Hz), 7.1-7.2 (2H, m), 7.29 (1H, d, J = 6.4 Hz), 7.37 (1H, d, J = 5.6 Hz), 7.45 (1H, d, J = 5.6 Hz), 8.49 (1H, d, J = 5.6 Hz) 170 —H —H —H —F —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.82-2.00 (1H, m), 2.03-2.25 (1H, m), 3.10- 3.39 (3H, m), 4.32-4.50 (1H, m), 6.37 (1H, dt, J = 2.3 Hz and 12.2 Hz), 6.41-6.57 (2H, m), 6.76 (1H, dd, J = 1.4 Hz and J = 5.1 Hz), 6.96 (1H, dd, J = 1.4 Hz and J = 3.1 Hz), 7.06-7.18 (1H, m . . . 171 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.11 (18H, d, J = 7.4 Hz), 1.43 (9H, s), 1.77-2.21 (2H, m), 3.07-3.35 (3H, m), 3.59-3.82 (1H, m), 4.26-4.42 (1H, m), 5.97-6.02 (1H, m), 6.43-6.58 (2H, m), 6.62-6.70 (1H, m), 6.76 (1H, s), 6.83-6.95 (1H, m)

TABLE 20

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 172 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.81-2.011 (1H, m), 2.03-2.31 (1H, m), 2.23 (3H, d, J = 1.0 Hz), 3.12-3.38 (3H, m), 3.69-3.85 (1H, m), 4.89-5.01 (1H, m), 6.85 (1H, brs), 7.11 (1H, dd, J = 2.5 Hz, 8.5 Hz), 7.37 (1H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 7.51-7.54 (1H, m) 173 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.81-2.00 (1H, m), 2.10-2.40 (1H, m), 3.11-3.41 (3H, m), 3.68-3.88 (1H, m), 4.99-5.13 (1H, m), 6.51 (1H, d, J = 3.5 Hz), 7.12-7.31 (3H, m), 7.35 (1H, dd, J = 6.5 Hz and J = 2.5 Hz) 174 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.83-2.03 (1H, m), 2.11-2.35 (1H, m), 3.18-3.42 (3H, m), 3.73-3.87 (1H, m), 4.97-5.09 (1H, m), 6.53 (1H, d, J = 3.5 Hz), 7.14 (1H, dd, J = 2.5 Hz, 8.5 Hz), 7.22 (1H, brs), 7.39 (1H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 7.56 (1H, brd, J = 8.5 Hz) 175 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.80-2.03 (1H, m), 2.08-2.22 (1H, m), 2.22 (3H, s), 3.13-3.38 (3H, m), 3.68-3.85 (1H, m), 4.98 (1H, tt, J = 6.5 Hz, 6.5 Hz), 6.84 (1H, brs), 7.11- 7.23 (2H, m), 7.33 (1H, dd, J = 2.5 Hz, 6.5 Hz) 176 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.42 (9H, s), 1.76-2.03 (1H, m), 2.08-2.33 (1H, m), 3.08-3.42 (3H, m), 3.71-3.87 (1H, m), 5.03-5.20 (1H, m), 6.47 (1H, d, J = 3.5 Hz), 7.11-7.32 (5H, m) 177 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-2.00 (1H, m), 2.10-2.31 (1H, m), 3.18-3.42 (3H, m), 3.63-3.80 (1H, m), 4.38-4.50 (1H, m), 6.95-7.05 (1H, m), 7.14-7.30 (2H, m with dd at δ7.17, J = 2.6 Hz and 6.4 Hz), 8.12 (2H, s), 8.72 (1H, s) 178 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.44 (9H, s), 1.70-1.90 (1H, m), 2.02-2.21 (1H, m), 3.09-3.41 (3H, m), 3.75-3.90 (1H, m), 5.21-5.38 (1H, m), 6.62 (1H, s), 6.99-7.09 (1H, m), 7.15-7.29 (2H, m), 8.21-8.41 (2H, m) 179 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.53 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 5.3-5.5 (1H, m), 5.56 (1H, d, J = 5.7 Hz), 7.0-7.1 (1H, m), 7.2-7.3 (2H, m), 7.91 (1H, d, J = 5.7 Hz)

TABLE 21

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 180 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.71-1.90 (1H, m), 2.01-2.25 (1H, m), 3.08-3.40 (3H, m), 3.71-3.89 (1H, m), 5.12-5.39 (1H, m), 7.05-7.13 (1H, m), 7.23-7.33 (2H, m), 7.49 (1H, s), 7.90 (1H, s), 8.09 (1H, s) 181 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.43 (9H, s), 1.69-1.87 (1H, m), 2.00-2.21 (1H, m), 3.05-3.34 (3H, m), 3.71-3.87 (1H, m), 5.13-5.27 (1H, m), 7.17 (4H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.44 (1H, s), 7.85 (1H, s), 8.08 (1H, s). 182 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.40 (9H, s), 1.8-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.2-4.4 (1H, m), 6.5-6.6 (1H, m), 6.62 (1H, dd, J = 10.0 Hz, J = 9.8 Hz), 6.72 (1H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 6.9-7.1 (1H, m), 7.2-7.3 (2H, m), 13.17 (1H, brs) 183 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm 1.44 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 3.0-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.2-4.4 (1H, m), 4.9-5.3 (2H, m), 6.4-6.5 (1H, m), 6.6-6.7 (2H, m), 6.7-7.1 (3H, m), 7.2-7.4 (5H, m)

TABLE 22

Ref. Ex. No. R1 NMR 184

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 2.04 (1H, br), 2.15-2.35 (1H, m), 3.2-3.4 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (2H, m), 3.65-3.95 (2H, m), 4.17 (1H, br), 6.81 (1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 6.86 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.7 Hz), 7.15-7.3 (1H, m), 7.37 (1H, dd, J = 7.8, 7.8 Hz), 7.55-7.7 (3H, m). 185

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.91 (1H, br), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.35 (1H, m), 3.35-3.85 (4H, m), 4.05 (1H, br), 6.55-6.7 (2H, m), 6.77 (1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 7.31 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.54 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz). 186

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.93 (1H, br), 2.15-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (2H, m), 3.65-3.85 (1H, m), 3.85-4.0 (1H, m), 4.0-4.2 (1H, m), 6.75 (1H, dd, J = 2.1, 8.7 Hz), 6.9-7.0 (2H, m), 7.60 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). 187

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.85-2.05 (1H, m), 2.15-2.35 (1H, m), 3.2-3.4 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (2H, m), 3.65-3.9 (2H, m), 4.16 (1H, br), 6.76 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.6 Hz), 6.96 (1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 7.26 (1H, s), 7.59 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). 188

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.85-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.36 (3H, d, J = 1.1 Hz), 3.1-3.35 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (2H, m), 3.65-3.85 (2H, m), 4.0-4.2 (1H, m), 6.71 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.6 Hz), 6.76 (1H, d, J = 0.8 Hz), 7.01 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz), 7.49 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). 189

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.85-2.0 (1H, m), 2.15-2.3 (1H, m), 2.37 (3H, s), 3.15-3.35 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (2H, m), 3.65-3.85 (2H, m), 4.05-4.25 (1H, m), 6.72 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.6 Hz), 6.85 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz), 7.03 (1H, s), 7.61 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz). 190

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.65 (9H, s), 2.04 (1H, br), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.35 (1H, m), 3.35-3.6 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 3.8-3.95 (1H, m), 3.95-4.1 (1H, m), 6.71 (1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz), 6.90 (1H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 7.15 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.30 (1H, d, J = 5.7 Hz). 191

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.9-2.1 (1H, m), 2.05-2.35 (1H, m), 3.2-3.65 (3H, m), 3.65-3.9 (1H, m), 4.0-4.3 (2H, m), 6.53 (1H, d, J = 7.4 Hz), 7.15-7.4 (4H, m). 192

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.91 (1H, br), 2.0-2.3 (1H, m), 2.51 (3H, d, J = 0.9 Hz), 3.15-3.35 (1H, m), 3.35-3.6 (2H, m), 3.6-3.85 (2H, m), 4.07 (1H, br), 6.62 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.5 Hz), 6.80 (1H, s), 6.93 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz), 7.42 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz).

TABLE 23

Ref. Ex. No. R1 NMR 193

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.97 (1H, br), 2.15-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (2H, m), 3.65-3.85 (1H, m), 4.0-4.25 (2H, m), 6.70 (1H, dd, J = 2.0, 8.7 Hz), 6.96 (1H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 7.79 (1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 8.65 (1H, s). 194

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.15-2.35 (1H, m), 3.15-3.6 (3H, m), 3.7-3.85 (1H, m), 4.4-4.65 (2H, m), 6.43 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.07 (2H, s), 7.76 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). 195

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.93 (1H, br), 2.17-2.29 (1H, m), 3.27 (1H, br), 3.49 (2H, br), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.92 (2H, br), 4.08 (1H, br), 6.69 (1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz), 6.71 (1H, d, J = 2.9 Hz), 6.91 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.23 (1H, d, J = 2.9, 9.0 Hz), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz).

TABLE 24

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 NMR 196 —H —H —F —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm; 1.47 (9H, s), 1.76-1.95 (1H, m), 2.09- 2.25 (1H, m), 3.11-3.32 (1H, m), 3.36-3.56 (2H, m), 3.58- 3.78 (2H, m), 3.85-4.03 (1H, m), 6.19-6.30 (1H, m), 6.34-6.43 (1H, m), 6.96 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 19.0 Hz) 197 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.77-1.95 (1H, m), 2.02- 2.27 (1H, m), 3.15-3.75 (3H, m), 3.87-4.02 (2H, m), 6.45-6.46 (2H, m), 6.68-6.70 (1H, m). 198 —H —H —Cl —CH₃ —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.39 (9H, s), 1.64-1.85 (1H, m), 2.00-2.18 (1H, m), 2.21 (3H, s), 2.97-3.10 (1H, m), 3.22-3.39 (2H, m), 3.42-3.60 (1H, m), 3.78-3.96 (1H, m), 5.89 (1H, d, J = 6.8 Hz), 6.43 (1H, dd, J = 8.6, 2.5 Hz), 6.55 (1H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 7.06 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). 199 —H —OCH₃ —F —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.39 (9H, s), 1.60-1.82 (1H, m), 1.93-2.17 (1H, m), 2.92-3.10 (1H, m), 3.20-3.44 (1H, m), 3.48-3.57 (1H, m), 3.75 (3H, s), 3.80-4.00 (1H, m), 6.01-6.19 (2H, m). 200 —H —F —F —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.47 (9H, s), 1.74-1.92 (1H, m), 2.08- 2.21 (1H, m), 3.08-3.28 (1H, m), 3.33-3.51 (2H, m), 3.61-3.95 (2H, m), 6.08-6.21 (2H, m). 201 —H —F —Cl —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.45 (9H, s), 1.78-1.93 (1H, m), 2.03- 2.24 (1H, m), 3.09-3.31 (1H, m), 3.36-3.52 (2H, m), 3.60-3.75 (1H, m), 3.85-4.08 (1H, m), 6.15-6.24 (2H, m). 202 —H —H —CH₃ —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.46 (9H, s), 1.87 (1H, br), 2.14-2.23 (1H, m), 2.15 (3H, d, J = 1.4 Hz), 3.21 (1H, br), 3.45 (2H, br), 3.68 (2H, br), 3.97 (1H, br), 6.26-6.31 (2H, m), 6.95 (1H, dd, J = 8.5, 10.7 Hz). 203 —H —H —Cl —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.46 (9H, s), 1.78-1.96 (1H, m), 2.10- 2.20 (1H, m), 3.11-3.30 (1H, m), 3.40-3.56 (2H, m), 3.60- 3.80 (2H, m), 3.85-4.03 (1H, m), 6.52 (2H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.12 (1H, d, 8.7 Hz)

TABLE 25

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR 204 —H —H —F —Cl —H —CH₃ —H —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm; {1.42 (s), 1.44 (s) total 9H, 1:1}, 1.71-1.89 (1H, m), 2.03- 2.19 (1H, m), 2.08 (3H, s), 3.12-3.36 (3H, m), 3.61-3.82 (1H, m), 4.32-4.45 (1H, m), 6.23-6.29 (1H, m), 6.46 (1H, dd, J = 3.0, 6.0 Hz), 6.86-7.07 (4H, m) 205 —H —H —F —F —H —H —F —F —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm; 1.43 (9H, s), 1.73- 1.92 (1H, m), 2.00-2.22 (1H, m), 3.11- 3.36 (3H, m), 3.59-3.78 (1H, m), 4.25- 4.41 (1H, m), 6.51-6.72 (4H, m), 7.09 (2H, dd, J = 8.5, 18.0 Hz)

TABLE 26

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 206 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm; 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.90 (1H, m), 2.10-2.20 (1H, m), 3.15-3.33 (3H, m), 3.67-3.84 (1H, m), 4.39-4.52 (1H, m), 6.63 (1H, dd, J = 2.7, 8.8 Hz), 6.89 (1H, d, J = 2.7 Hz), 7.24-7.32 (3H, m), 8.28 (1H, brs), 8.42 (1H, brs). 207 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm; 1.44 (9H, s), 1.74-1.89 (1H, m), 2.04-2.20 (1H, m), 2.12 (3H, s), 3.13-3.21 (1H, m), 3.24-3.38 (2H, m), 3.69-3.85 (1H, m), 4.39-4.55 (1H, m), 6.25-6.36 (1H, m), 6.52 (1H, dd, J = 3.1, 6.0 Hz), 6.90-6.98 (1H, m), 7.25-7.28 (1H, m), 8.30 (1H, s), 8.48 (1H, d, J = 4.8 Hz). 208 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm; 1.43 (9H, s), 1.70-1.86 (1H, m), 2.04-2.28 (1H, m), 2.12 (3H, s), 3.14-3.21 (1H, m), 3.23-3.35 (2H, m), 3.68-3.84 (1H, m), 4.43-4.51-5.35 (1H, m), 6.29 (1H, d, 8.7 Hz), 6.56 (1H, d, J = 2.9 Hz), 7.16-7.20 (1H, m), 7.27-7.30 (1H, m), 8.29 (1H, s), 8.50 (1H, d, J = 4.7 Hz).

TABLE 27

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 209 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.72-1.89 (1H, m), 2.08-2.24 (1H, m), 3.09-3.32 (3H, m), 3.67-3.84 (1H, m), 4.38-4.52 (1H, m), 6.52-6.53 (2H, m), 6.87-6.89 (1H, m), 7.35-7.40 (2H, m), 8.34-8.35 (1H, m), 8.54-8.56 (1H, m). 210 —H —CH₃ —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.92 (1H, m), 2.04-2.22 (1H, m), 2.34 (3H, s), 3.15-3.38 (3H, m), 6.76 (1H, dd, J = 8.4, 2.5 Hz), 6.85 (1H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 6.97-7.05 (1H, m), 6.87-6.89 (1H, dd, J = 8.4, 4.6 Hz), 7.27-7.35 (1H, m), 8.09-8.145 (1H, m), 8.18 (1H, d, J = 3.8 Hz). 211 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.65-3.8 (1H, m), 4.35-4.5 (1H, m), 6.59 (1H, d, J = 10.2 Hz), 6.95-7.05 (1H, m), 7.1-7.3 (2H, m), 7.84 (1H, br), 7.96 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz). 212 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 2.29 (3H, s), 3.15- 3.35 (3H, m), 3.65-3.8 (1H, m), 4.35-4.5 (1H, m), 6.45-6.55 (1H, m), 6.85-6.95 (2H, m), 7.0- 7.15 (1H, m), 7.79 (1H, br), 7.87 (1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz). 213 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1-3.35 (3H, m), 3.65-3.8 (1H, m), 4.35-4.5 (1H, m), 6.45-6.55 (1H, m), 7.05-7.2 (4H, m), 7.80 (1H, br), 7.88 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz).

TABLE 28

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 214 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.65-3.8 (1H, m), 4.35-4.5 (1H, m), 6.59 (1H, d, J = 10.2 Hz), 6.95-7.05 (1H, m), 7.1-7.3 (2H, m), 7.84 (1H, br), 7.96 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz). 215 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 2.29 (3H, s), 3.15- 3.35 (3H, m), 3.65-3.8 (1H, m), 4.35-4.5 (1H, m), 6.45-6.55 (1H, m), 6.85-6.95 (2H, m), 7.0- 7.15 (1H, m), 7.79 (1H, br), 7.87 (1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz). 216 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —F —H ¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1-3.35 (3H, m), 3.65-3.8 (1H, m), 4.35-4.5 (1H, m), 6.45-6.55 (1H, m), 7.05-7.2 (4H, m), 7.80 (1H, br), 7.88 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz).

TABLE 29

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 217 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.75-1.89 (1H, m), 2.03-2.20 (1H, m), 3.08-3.33 (3H, m), 3.80 (1H, dd, J = 7.1, 10.9 Hz), 5.17-5.29 (1H, m), 6.00 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.03 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.4 Hz), 7.25 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 9.0 Hz), 7.29 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 7.52-7.57 (1H, dd, J = 4.7, 8.3 Hz), 8.13 (1H, d, J = 4.7 Hz). 218 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.80-2.21 (2H, m), 3.20-3.47 (3H, m), 3.57-3.78 (1H, m), 4.68-4.74 (1H, m), 6.85-7.03 (4H, m), 7.55-7.59 (1H, m), 8.29-8.32 (1H, m). 219 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.71-1.89 (1H, m), 2.04-2.28 (1H, m), 3.10-3.34 (3H, m), 3.85 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 10.3 Hz), 5.35-5.43 (1H, m), 6.08 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.07-7.12 (1H, m), 7.26- 7.36 (5H, m), 7.46-7.51 (2H, m), 8.42 (1H, d, J = 5.9 Hz). 220 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-1.93 (1H, m), 2.05-2.21 (1H, m), 3.14-3.35 (3H, m), 3.67-3.82 (1H, m), 4.35-4.46 (1H, m), 5.36 (1H, d, J = 10.8 Hz), 6.05 (1H, d, J = 17.4 Hz), 6.75 (1H, dd, J = 10.8, 17.4 Hz), 6.83-6.89 (1H, m), 7.02-7.19 (3H, m), 7.24 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 8.09 (1H, s). 221 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.32 (9H, s), 1.75-1.89 (1H, m), 2.08-2.20 (1H, m), 3.07-3.32 (3H, m), 3.67-3.81 (1H, m), 3.97 (3H, s), 4.38-4.46 (1H, m), 6.42 (1H, dd, J = 2.9, 9.0 Hz), 6.66 (1H, d, J = 2.9 Hz), 6.81 (1H, dd, J = 3.1, 8.4 Hz), 7.17 (1H, d, J = 6.8 Hz), 7.30 (1H, dd, J = 2.7, 8.8 Hz), 7.94 (1H, d, 2.3 Hz). 222 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-1.93 (1H, m), 2.15-2.20 (1H, m), 2.29 (3H, s), 3.18-3.39 (3H, m), 3.63-3.77 (1H, m), 4.41 (1H, brs), 6.85- 6.91 (2H, m), 7.03-7.07 (1H, m), 7.11-7.18 (1H, m), 7.73 (1H, brs). 223 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.92 (1H, m), 2.09-2.36 (1H, m), 2.55 (3H, s), 3.15-3.32 (3H, m), 3.68-3.99 (1H, m), 5.31-5.52 (1H, m), 6.24 (1H, d, J = 9.2 Hz), 6.96 (1H, d, J = 9.2 Hz), 7.06 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6, 4.2, 8.6 Hz), 7.15-7.27 (1H, m), 7.55-7.59 (1H, m). 224 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.97 (1H, m), 2.08-2.36 (1H, m), 3.12-3.32 (3H, m), 3.67-3.96 (1H, m), 4.05 (3H, s), 5.14-5.33 (1H, m), 6.39 (1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz), 6.72 (1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz), 7.07 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6, 4.2, 8.6 Hz), 7.11-7.32 (2H, m).

TABLE 30

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 225 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.81-1.95 (1H, m), 2.10-2.35 (1H, m), 3.12-3.30 (3H, m), 3.74-3.95 (1H, m), 5.34-5.45 (1H, m), 6.31 (1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 7.06-7.10 (2H, m), 7.21-7.33 (2H, m). 226 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.84-1.99 (1H, m), 2.10-2.29 (1H, m), 3.12-3.38 (3H, m), 3.70-3.76 (1H, m), 4.36-4.45 (1H, m), 7.02 (1H, ddd, J = 2.7, 4.1, 8.6 Hz), 7.20 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 6.4 Hz), 7.21-7.28 (1H, m), 7.97 (2H, m). 227 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.80-1.95 (1H, m), 2.04-2.20 (1H, m), 3.20-3.40 (3H, m), 3.70 (6H, s), 3.77-3.88 (1H, m), 5.21-5.30 (1H, m), 5.46 (1H, s), 7.02 (1H, ddd, J = 2.5, 4.3, 8.7 Hz), 7.13-7.19 (1H, m), 7.24 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 6.6 Hz). 228 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.70-1.88 (1H, m), 1.97-2.20 (1H, m), 3.07-3.30 (3H, m), 3.72-3.82 (1H, m), 3.83 (3H, s), 3.96 (3H, s), 4.86 (1H, s), 5.37-5.41 (1H, m), 7.05 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6, 4.2, 8.7 Hz), 7.21-7.31 (2H, m). 229 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.86-1.96 (1H, m), 2.16-2.28 (1H, m), 3.10-3.35 (3H, m), 3.72-3.77 (1H, m), 4.41-4.51 (1H, m), 7.09-7.17 (4H, m), 8.07 (2H, s), 8.64 (1H, s). 230 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.85-1.97 (1H, m), 2.05-2.28 (1H, m), 2.29 (3H, s), 3.20- 3.35 (3H, m), 3.70-3.78 (1H, m), 4.43-4.47 (1H, m), 6.89-7.97 (2H, m), 7.06-7.13 (1H, m), 8.06 (2H, s), 8.63 (1H, s). 231 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.81-1.96 (1H, m), 2.10-2.31 (1H, m), 3.15-3.39 (3H, m), 3.63-3.78 (1H, m), 4.37-4.45 (1H, m), 6.90 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 8.6 Hz), 7.16 (1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz), 7.51 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 8.05 (2H, s). 232 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.78-1.93 (1H, m), 2.10-2.26 (1H, m), 3.09-3.37 (3H, m), 3.63-3.70 (1H, m), 4.37-4.45 (1H, m), 7.07-7.29 (4H, m), 7.92 (2H, s). 233 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.81-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.27 (1H, m), 2.29 (3H, s), 3.19- 3.43 (, m), 3.65-3.80 (1H, m), 4.35-4.43 (1H, m), 6.90-6.97 (2H, m), 7.07-7.13 (1H, m), 7.91 (2H, s).

TABLE 31

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 234 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.74-1.90 (1H, m), 2.08-2.26 (1H, m), 3.09-3.35 (3H, m), 3.78- 3.88 (1H, m), 5.20-5.35 (1H, m), 6.92 (1H, d, J = 4.8 Hz), 7.04 (1H, ddd, J = 2.5, 4.2, 8.7 Hz), 7.20- 7.25 (2H, m), 8.47 (1H, d, J = 4.6 Hz). 235 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.77-1.88 1H, m), 2.05-2.28 (1H, m), 2.52 (3H, s), 3.15-3.33 3H, m), 3.70-3.90 (1H, m), 5.28-5.43 (1H, m), 5.60 (1H, d, J = 6.0 Hz), 7.03 (1 , dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.29 (1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz), 7.58 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.90 (1H, d, J = 6.0 Hz). 236 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.75-1.88 (1H, m), 2.05-2.20 (1H, m), 3.12-3.36 (3H, m), 3.77- 3.87 (1H, m), 5.24-5.34 (1H, m), 6.62 (1H, brs), 7.02 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.27 (1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz), 7.51 (1H, dd, J = 4.1, 8.4 Hz), 8.32 (2H, brs). 237 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.87-1.96 (1H, m), 2.04-2.20 (1H, m), 3.15-3.39 (3H, m), 3.61 (3H, s), 3.72-3.84. (1H, m), 4.77-4.86 (1H, m), 6.96 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6, 4.3, 8.7 Hz), 7.06 (1H, dd, J = 2.6, 8.5 Hz), 7.11 (1H, dd, J = 2.6, 6.6 Hz), 7.65 (1H, brs), 7.79 (1H, d, J = 4.4 Hz). 238 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.90-2.20 (2H, m), 2.00 (3H, s), 2.48 (3H, s), 3.22-3.45 (3H, m), 3.61-3.82 (1H, m), 4.67-4.76 (1H, m), 6.80-6.84 (1H, m), 6.95-7.02 (1H, m), 7.08 (1H, t, J = 8.6 Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 5.2 Hz). 239 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.78-1.86 (1H, m), 2.05-2.24 (1H, m), 3.08-3.31 (3H, m), 3.80 (1H, dd, J = 7.0, 9.0 Hz), 5.17-5.23 (1H, m), 7.10 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6, 3.9, 8.7 Hz), 7.26-7.32 (3H, m), 7.88 (1H, s). 240 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.77-1.87 (1H, m), 2.04-2.21 (1H, m), 3.11-3.35 (3H, m), 3.75- 3.86 (1H, m), 5.14-5.23 (1H, m), 7.07 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.33 (1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz), 7.51 (1H, d, J = 1.1 Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 3.9, 8.2 Hz), 7.90 (1H, s), 8.09 (1H, s). 241 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.73-1.80 (1H, m), 2.01-2.18 (1H, m), 3.03-3.33 (3H, m), 3.81 (1H, dd, J = 6.1, 10.7 Hz), 5.13-5.22 (1H, m), 6.06 (1H, dd, J = 3.4, 9.2 Hz), 7.02 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.4 Hz), 7.06-7.12 (1H, m), 7.28 (1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz), 7.50-7.55 (1H, m), 8.06 (1H, brs).

TABLE 32

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 242 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.75-1.84 (1H, m), 2.04-2.18 (1H, m), 3.03-3.33 (3H, m), 3.77-3.85 (1H, m), 5.28-5.38 (1H, m), 5.68 (1H, dd, J = 2.1, 12.0 Hz), 6.38-6.46 (1H, m), 7.03 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.29 (1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 7.54-7.59 (1H, m), 8.10- 8.18 (1H, m). 243 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

1H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.72-1.86 (1H, m), 2.04-2.22 (1H, m), 3.08-3.33 (3H, m), 3.83 (1H, dd, J = 7.1, 10.8 Hz), 5.28-5.37 (1H, m), 6.04 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 6.63-6.68 (1H, m), 7.03 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.27-7.35 (2H, m), 7.51-7.56 (1H, m), 8.17-8.22 (1H, m). 244 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.73-1.90 (1H, m), 2.05-2.22 (1H, m), 3.08-3.34 (3H, m), 3.82 (1H, dd, J = 7.2, 10.7 Hz), 5.16-5.25 (1H, m), 7.08-7.14 (1H, m), 7.27-7.33 (2H, m), 7.49 (1H, s), 7.89 (1H, brs), 8.09 (1H, brs). 245 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.76-1.89 (1H, m), 2.05-2.28 (1H, m), 3.10-3.35 (3H, m), 3.77-3.87 (1H, m), 5.14-5.25 (1H, m), 7.08 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.34 (1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 7.52 (1H, s), 7.59 (1H, dd, J = 4.0, 8.2 Hz), 8.10 (1H, brs), 8.66 (1H, brs). 246 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.75-1.86 (1H, m), 2.09-2.28 (1H, m), 3.12-3.34 (3H, m), 3.80 (1H, dd, 7.1, 10.0 Hz), 5.13-5.24 (1H, m), 7.07 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.32-7.34 (2H, m), 7.59 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 8.49 (1H, s). 247 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.82-1.95 (1H, m), 2.09-2.25 (1H, m), 3.13-3.37 (3H, m), 3.70-3.80 (1H, m), 4.41-4.50 (1H, m), 6.86 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 8.6 Hz), 7.13 (1H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 7.48 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 8.22 (2H, s), 8.82 (1H, s). 248 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.74-1.88 (1H, m), 2.05-2.20 (1H, m), 3.10-3.38 (3H, m), 3.77-3.87 (1H, m), 5.22-5.34 (1H, m), 6.63 (1H, brs), 7.02 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.28 (1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz), 7.51 (1H, dd, J = 4.3, 8.4 Hz), 8.32 (2H, brs). 249 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.90 (1H, m), 2.04-2.27 (1H, m), 3.14-3.36 (3H, m), 3.67-3.80 (1H, m), 4.36-4.45 (1H, m), 6.89 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 8.5 Hz), 7.16 (1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 7.51 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.05 (1H, brs). 250 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.80-1.98 (1H, m), 2.11-2.28 (1H, m), 3.15-3.39 (3H, m), 3.68-3.78 (1H, m), 4.36-4.45 (1H, m), 6.99-7.05 (1H, m), 7.18- 7.27 (2H, m), 7.97 (2H, s).

TABLE 33

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 251 —H —H —F —F —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.79-1.97 (1H, m), 2.01-2.22(1H, m), 3.108-3.3 (3H, m), 3.60-3.78 (1H, m), 4.25-4.41 (1H, m), 6.42-6.62 (2H, m), 6.66 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 5.0 Hz), 6.78 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 3.0 Hz), 6.91-7.07 (1H, m), 7.30 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz) 252 —H —H —Cl —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78-1.97 (1H, m), 2.03-2.20 (1H, m), 2.29 (3H, s), 3.18-3.38 (3H, m), 3.61- 3.82 (1H, m), 4.34-4.43 (1H, m), 6.54-6.73 (4H, m), 7.11- 7.30 (2H, m). 253 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.78-1.94 (1H, m), 2.04-2.20 (1H, m), 3.13-3.34 (3H, m), 3.67-3.80 (1H, m), 4.29-4.45 (1H, m), 6.48 (2H, d, J = 1.7 Hz), 6.72-6.83 (2H, m), 7.04 (1H, dd, J = 3.1, 1.7 Hz), 7.37-7.42 (1H, m). 254 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.82-2.00 (1H, m), 2.01-2.23 (1H, m), 3.10-3.40 (3H, m), 3.61-3.79 (1H, m), 4.26-4.42 (1H, m), 6.41-6.44 (1H, m), 6.50 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 5.0 Hz), 6.89-7.02 (4H, m), 7.18 (1h, brs) 255 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.81-1.98 (1H, m), 2.05-2.24 (1H, m), 3.12-3.38 (3H, m), 3.63-3.82 (1H, m), 4.30-4.46 (1H, m , 6.50 (1H, dd, J = 3.0, 9.0 Hz), 6.72-6.76 (2H, m), 6.96 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 3.0 Hz), 7.20 (1H, brd, J = 9.5 Hz), 7.36 (1H, brs) 256 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.27-1.52 (11H, m), 1.62-1.82 (3H, m), 1.90-2.05 (1H, m), 2.95-3.69 (7H, m), 3.85-4.05 (3H, m), 6.95-7.00 (1H, m), 7.00-7.16 (2H, m). 257 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.15-1.35 (2H, m), 1.46 (9H, s), 1.52-1.73 (3H, m), 1.76-2.05 (2H, m), 2.91 (2H, d, J = 6.7 Hz), 3.08-3.35 (4H, m), 3.35-3.65 (2H, m), 3.80-4.00 (3H, m), 6.76-6.88 (1H, m), 6.95-7.10 (2H, m). 258 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.1-2.25 (1H, m), 3.15-3.35 (3H, m), 3.65-3.85 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 6.7-6.8 (1H, m), 6.9-7.0 (2H, m), 7.0- 7.1 (1H, m), 7.21 (1H, s), 7.31 (1H, d, J = 1.7 Hz), 7.65- 7.8 (1H, m). 259 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.1-2.25 (1H, m), 3.15-3.35 (3H, m), 3.65-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 6.85-7.0 (3H, m), 7.05-7.2 (2H, m), 7.25-7.4 (3H, m), 7.6-7.75 (1H, m). 260 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.65-3.85 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.65-6.75 (1H, m), 6.86 (1H, dd, J = 2.9, 6.3 Hz), 6.95 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.6 Hz), 6.95-7.1 (1H, m), 7.35 (1H, s), 7.42 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz), 7.74 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz).

TABLE 34

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 261 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.05-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.8-6.9 (2H, m), 6.9-7.1 (2H, m), 7.2-7.35 (3H, m), 7.42 (1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz), 7.65-7.75 (1H, m). 262 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.05-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.85 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 6.80 (1H, dd, J = 2.3, 8.8 Hz), 6.9-7.1 (4H, m), 7.2-7.35 (2H, m), 7.62 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). 263 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.65-3.9 (1H, m), 4.4-4.6 (1H, m), 6.82 (1H, dd, J = 2.0, 8.8 Hz), 6.95-7.2 (6H, m), 7.55-7.7 (1H, m). 264 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 2.42 (3H, d, J = 0.6 Hz), 3.15-3.35 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.65 (1H, m), 6.75-6.85 (2H, m), 6.9-7.05 (3H, m), 7.15-7.3 (2H, m), 7.45 (1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz), 7.63 (1H, dd, J = 3.9, 8.5 Hz). 265 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.40 (9H, d, J = 2.9 Hz), 1.8- 1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 2.39 (3H, d, J = 0.8 Hz), 3.15-3.35 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45- 4.65 (1H, m), 6.65-6.75 (2H, m), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 7.01 (1H, dd, J = 1.8, 8.5 Hz), 7.11 (1H, bs), 7.15- 7.3 (2H, m), 7.39 (1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz), 7.81 (1H, dd, J = 3.6, 8.4 Hz). 266 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 3.15-3.35 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 6.87 (1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz), 6.93 (2H, dd, J = 1.0, 8.5 Hz), 7.05-7.15 (1H, m), 7.23 (1H, s), 7.25-7.4 (4H, m). 267 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.75-1.95 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.57 (3H, s), 3.15-3.35 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 6.75 (2H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 6.8-7.0 (3H, m), 7.15-7.3 (2H, m), 7.39 (1H, d, J = 1.7 Hz), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 3.8, 8.2 Hz). 268 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.75-1.95 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.55 (3H, d, J = 1.0 Hz), 3.15- 3.35 (3H, m), 3.657-3.85 (1H, m), 4.35-4.55 (1H, m), 6.75-6.9 (4H, m), 6.9-7.05 (2H, m), 7.26 (1H, s), 7.51 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz).

TABLE 35

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 269 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.44 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7- 3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 6.71 (1H, dd, J = 2.1, 8.9 Hz), 6.9-7.05 (1H, m), 7.1-7.3 (3H, m), 7.81 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 8.72 (1H, s). 270 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1-2.25 (1H, m), 3.15-3.35 (3H, m), 3.75- 3.95 (1H, m), 4.5-4.65 (1H, m), 6.69 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.9 Hz), 7.05-7.15 (3H, m), 7.3-7.4 (1H, m), 7.4-7.5 (2H, m), 7.76 (1H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 8.68 (1H, bs). 271 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.35 (3H, m), 3.7- 3.9 (1H, m), 4.5-4.65 (1H, m), 6.65 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 9.0 Hz), 7.05-7.2 (5H, m), 7.75 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 8.67 (1H, s). 272 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1-3.35 (3H, m), 3.8-3.95 (1H, m), 5.4-5.55 (1H, m), 6.03 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.0-7.05 (1H, m), 7.05-7.1 (1H, m), 7.1- 7.2 (2H, m), 7.35-7.55 (3H, m), 7.58 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz). 273 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 3.05-3.35 (3H, m), 3.8- 3.95 (1H, m), 5.4-5.55 (1H, m), 6.02 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.0-7.2 (6H, m), 7.60 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz). 274 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.7-1.9 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 3.1-3.35 (3H, m), 3.8-3.95 (1H, m), 5.4-5.55 (1H, m), 6.06 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.15-7.2 (2H, m), 7.3-7.55 (4H, m), 7.55- 7.65 (1H, m), 7.67 (1H, d, J = 10.0 Hz). □ 275 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.43 (9H, s), 1.85-2.00 (1H, m), 2.08-2.26 (1H, m), 3.16-3.40 (3H, m), 3.68-3.90 (1H, m), 4.50-4.61 (1H, m), 6.88-6.96 (1H, m), 7.05- 7.20 (4H, m), 7.35 (1H, dd, J = 4.2, 8.3 Hz), 7.88- 8.05 (2H, m), 8.76 (1H, d, J = 2.9 Hz) 276 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.75- 1.88 (1H, m), 2.12 (1H, br), 2.28 (3H, s), 2.85 (2H, t, J = 6.6 Hz), 3.10 (3H, s), 3.19-3.28 (3H, m), 3.48 (2H, t, J = 6.6 Hz), 3.69-3.83 (1H, m), 4.49-4.55 (1H, m), 6.22 (1H, d, J = 12.3 Hz), 6.49 (1H, dd, J = 8.1, 8.6 Hz), 6.87-6.95 (2H, m), 7.03- 7.09 (1H, m), 7.87 (1H, dd, J = 8.7, 8.7 Hz). 277 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.83-1.95 (1H, m), 2.15 (1H, br), 3.22-3.34 (3H, m), 3.69- 3.85 (1H, m), 4.06 (3H, s), 4.47 (1H, br), 6.65- 6.70 (1H, m), 6.85 (1H, dd, J = 2.8, 6.3 Hz), 6.90 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 6.99-7.05 (1H, m), 7.17 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 8.9 Hz), 7.26-7.27 (1H, m), 7.77-7.90 (2H, m).

TABLE 36

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 278 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78- 1.90 (1H, m), 2.04-2.17 (1H, m), 2.66 (2H, dd, J = 6.7, 7.7 Hz), 2.86 (2H, dd, J = 6.7, 7.7 Hz), 3.19-3.29 (3H, m), 3.36 (3H, s), 3.66- 3.78 (1H, m), 4.35-4.41 (1H, m), 6.60 (1H, ddd, J = 3.0, 3.8, 9.0 Hz), 6.75-6.78 (2H, m), 6.86 (1H, dd, J = 1.9, 8.6 Hz), 6.93-7.02 (2H, m). 279 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78- 1.91 (1H, m), 2.05-2.17 (1H, m), 2.62 (2H, dd, J = 6.1 8.3 Hz), 2.82 (2H, dd, J = 6.1, 8.3 Hz), 3.26 (3H, br , 3.33 (3H, s), 3.69-3.79 (1H, m), 4.41 (1H, br), 6.62 (1H, br), 6.72 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 8.7 Hz), 6.84-6.91 (3H, m), 6.93-7.03 (2H, m). 280 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.81- 1.93 (1H, m), 2.13-2.18 (1H, m), 3.24-3.31 (3H, m), 3.67-3.81 (1H, m), 3.72 (3H, s), 4.41-4.45 (1H, m), 6.62-6.67 (1H, m), 6.73 (1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 6.81 (1H, dd, J = 2.7, 6.2 Hz), 6.82-7.05 (1H, m), 7.14-7.18 (2H, m), 7.27-7.32 (1H, m), 7.59 (1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz). 281 —H —H —CH₃ —F —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78- 1.91 (1H, m), 2.08-2.18 (1H, m), 2.18 (3H, s), 2.66 (2H, dd, J = 6.6, 7.6 Hz), 2.86 (2H, dd, J = 6.6, 7.6 Hz), 3.18-3.27 (3H, m), 3.36 (3H, s), 3.68-3.78 (1H, m), 4.38-4.44 (1H, m), 6.36-6.43 (2H, m), 6.79 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 6.87-7.02 (3H, m). 282 —H —H —CH₃ —F —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.60- 1.72 (1H, m), 2.15 (1H,br), 2.20 (3H, s), 3.24-3.32 (3H, m), 3.72 (3H, s), 3.75-3.81 (1H, m), 4.46 (1H, br), 6.40-6.45 (2H, m), 6.72 (1H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 7.02 (1H, br), 7.18- 7.21 (2H, m), 7.31-7.34 (1H, m), 7.58 (1H, dd, J = 2.9, 9.4 Hz). 283 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.43 (9H, s), 1.78- 1.90 (1H, m), 2.02-2.13 (1H, m), 2.24 (3H, s), 2.62 (2H, dd, J = 5.4, 8.0, Hz), 2.79-2.84 (2H, m), 3.19-3.29 (3H, m), 3.32 (3H, s), 3.98-3.79 (1H, m), 4.35-4.46 (1H, m), 6.58 (1H, br), 6.70-6.76 (3H, m), 6.84-6.99 (2H, m). 284 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.80- 1.92 (1H, m), 2.08-2.18 (1H, m), 2.24 (3H, s), 3.24-3.31 (3H, m), 3.69 (3H, s), 3.75-3.81 (1H, m), 4.44 (1H, br), 6.69 (1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 6.74-6.79 (2H, m), 6.96-7.01 (3H, m), 7.21-6.79 (1H, m), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz).

TABLE 37

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 285 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.77-1.82 (1H, m), 2.06-2.10 (1H, m), 2.72-2.80 (2H, m), 2.86-2.91 (2H, m), 3.15-3.27 (3H, m), 3.64- 3.73 (1H, m), 3.78 (3H, s), 4.34 (1H, br), 5.09 (2H, br), 6.53-6.89 (7H, m), 6.97-7.00 (1H, m), 7.14-7.17 (2H, m). 286 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.61-1.73 (1H, m), 1.90-2.00 (1H, m), 2.74 (2H, dd, J = 5.8, 7.9 Hz), 2.87 (2H, dd, J = 5.8, 7.9 Hz), 3.10- 3.23 (3H, m), 3.56-3.68 (1H, m), 3.77 (3H, s), 4.23-4.28 (1H, m), 4.81 (1H, d, J = 15.5 Hz), 5.02 (1H, d, J = 15.5 Hz), 6.12 (1H, d, J = .2.3 Hz), 6.37 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 6.72-6.99 (9H, m). 287 —H —H —CH₃ —F —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H s), 1.76-1.86 (1H, m), 2.04-2.11 (1H, m), 2.18 (3H, s), 2.75-2.79 (2H, m), 2.88- 2.93 (2H, m), 3.13-3.25 (3H, m), 3.66-3.76 (1H, m), 3.78 (3H, s), 4.34- 4.38 (1H, m), 5.09 (2H, s), 6.36 (2H, m), 6.70-6.74 (2H, .m), 6.83-6.91 (3H, m), 6.99 (1H, br), 7.17 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). 288 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.76-1.85 (1H, m), 2.01-2.09 (1H, m), 2.22 (3H, s), 2.71-2.75 (2H, m), 2.84-2.88 (2H, m), 3.13-3.28 (3H, m), 3.63-3.75 (1H, m), 3.77 (3H, s), 4.33-4.37 (1H, m), 5.06 (2H, s), 6.47- 6.53 (2H, m), 6.69-6.85 (5H, m), 6.91-6.95 (1H, m), 7.14 (2H, d, J = 8.5 Hz).

TABLE 38

Ref. Ex. No. R1 R6 NMR 289

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.41 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1- 2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 7.0-7.1 (2H, m), 7.1-7.2 (1H, m), 7.28 (1H, s), 7.45 (1H, d, J = 1.6 Hz), 7.75-7.8 (1H, m), 8.1-8.3 (2H, m). 290

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1- 2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.78 (1H, dd, J = 2.0, 8.9 Hz), 7.28 (1H, s), 7.3-7.4 (2H, m), 7.86 (1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 8.37 (1H, s), 8.45-8.55 (1H, m), 8.75 (1H, s). 291

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.40 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1- 2.3 (1H, m), 3.15-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.5-4.65 (1H, m), 6.95-7.2 (3H, m), 7.38 (1H, s), 7.53 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 7.75-7.9 (1H, m), 8.05-8.2 (2H, m). 292

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.40 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1- 2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 6.45-6.6 (1H, m), 7.09 (1H, dd, J = 1.9, 8.4 Hz), 7.38 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.54 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.65 (1H, d, J = 1.7 Hz), 7.8-7.95 (3H, m). 293

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.42 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1- 2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4,6 (1H, m), 6.45-6.6 (1H, m), 7.07 (1H, dd, J = 2.0, 8.4 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (1H, m), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.59 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (2H, m), 7.96 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz). 294

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃) δppm: 1.40 (9H, s), 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.1- 2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.45-4.6 (1H, m), 6.5-6.65 (1H, m), 7.18 (1H, dd, J = 1.9, 8.5 Hz), 7.40 (1H, s), 7.59 (1H, d, J = 1.7 Hz), 7.8-8.0 (3H, m).

EXAMPLE 1 Synthesis of (3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenylpyrrolidin-3-ylamine dihydrochloride

An acetic acid solution (15 ml) containing 3-oxopyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid text-butyl ester (0.67 g) and (3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenylamine (0.94 g) was stirred at room temperature over night. To the mixture was added 1.5 g of sodium triacetoxyborohydride, followed by stirring at room temperature for 8 hours. Dichloromethane was added to the reaction solution and washed with water, followed by drying over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=20:1). The solvent was distilled off from the purified product under reduced pressure, and the residue was dissolved in 1 N hydrochloric acid-ethanol and heated under reflux for one hour. The reaction solution was concentrated to dryness to thereby obtain 50 mg of brown amorphous solid (3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenylpyrrolidin-3-ylamine dihydrochloride.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm:

1.50-1.68 (1H, m), 2.10-2.29 (1H, m), 2.74-2.90 (1H, m), 3.02-3.22 (2H, m), 3.51-3.66 (1H, m), 4.61-4.79 (1H, m), 6.58 (1H, dd, J=2.9 Hz, J=9.0 Hz), 6.87 (1H, d, J=2.9 Hz), 7.13-7.19 (2H, m), 7.29-7.44 (2H, m), 7.45-7.54 (2H, m), 9.03 (2H, brs).

EXAMPLE 2 Synthesis of (S)-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenylpyrrolidin-3-ylamine dihydrochloride

3(S)-[(3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.13 g) was dissolved in 1 N hydrochloric acid-ethanol and heated under reflux for one hour. The reaction solution was concentrated to dryness to thereby obtain 0.11 g of brown amorphous solid 3(S)-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)phenylpyrrolidin-3-ylamine hydrochloride.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm:

1.50-1.68 (1H, m), 2.10-2.29 (1H, m), 2.75-2.90 (1H, m), 3.02-3.23 (2H, m), 3.51-3.65 (1H, m), 4.60-4.80 (1H, m), 6.58 (1H, dd, J=2.9 Hz, J=9.0 Hz), 6.87 (1H, d, J=2.9 Hz), 7.12-7.19 (2H, m), 7.29-7.44 (2H, m), 7.45-7.54 (2H, m), 9.05 (2H, brs).

EXAMPLE 3 Synthesis of (3-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)amine difumarate

To a 1,2-dichloromethane solution (1 ml) containing ((S)-1-benzylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-(3-fluorophenyl)-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)amine (0.48 g, 1.1 mmol) was added 1-chloroethyl chloroformate (0.82 g, 5.8 mmol). The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 hours and heated under reflux for 3 hours. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and 5 ml methanol was then added to the residue and heated under reflux for 3 hours. After distilling the solvent off under reduced pressure, the residue was then dissolved in dichloromethane and washed with an aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution. After drying over magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in ethanol, fumaric acid (128 mg, 1.1 mmol) was then added thereto, giving a uniform solution. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the crystals produced by adding dichloromethane to the residue were separated by filtration and dried, giving 0.24 g of light brown powdery (3-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)amine difumarate.

Melting point 144.0-146.2° C.

EXAMPLE 4 Synthesis of (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine hydrochloride

3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.42 g, 0.9 mmol) was added to 4 N hydrochloric acid/ethyl acetate, followed by stirring at room temperature for one hour. The reaction solution was concentrated to dryness under reduced pressure to thereby obtain 0.35 g of white powdery (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine hydrochloride.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm:

1.56-1.68 (1H, m), 2.19-2.29 (1H, m), 2.82-2.94 (1H, m), 3.08 (3H, s), 3.10-3.20 (2H, m), 3.57-3.68 (1H, m), 4.70-4.85 (1H, m), 6.69-6.75 (2H, m), 7.32-7.37 (1H, m), 7.58-7.64 (1H, m), 7.65-7.69 (3H, m), 9.10-9.45 (2H, m).

EXAMPLE 5 Synthesis of (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-[4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)butyl]-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine difumarate

To a toluene solution (4 ml) containing 3(S)-[4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)butylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.2 g, 0.6 mmol) and 4-bromo-2-chloro-1-fluorobenzene (0.8 ml, 0.65 mmol) were added tri-tert-butylphosphine•tetrafluoroborate (14 mg, 0.05 mmol), tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium (11 mg, 0.012 mmol) and sodium tert-butoxide (110 mg, 1.2 mmol) and heated under reflux under a nitrogen atmosphere for 12 hours. After cooling to room temperature, water was added to the reaction solution, and extraction with ethyl acetate was conducted. The extract was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure, and the residue was then purified by silica gel column chromatography (n-hexane:ethyl acetate=3:1). The solvent was distilled off from the purified product under reduced pressure. The residue was dissolved in 0.4 ml dichloromethane, and trifluoroacetic acid (0.06 ml, 0.8 mmol) was added thereto, followed by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. After concentrating under reduced pressure, the residue was purified by HPLC. After collecting objective fractions, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and 10% aqueous potassium carbonate solution was added to the residue, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The extract was dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated under reduced pressure, and an ethanol solution containing fumaric acid (8.1 mg) was added to the residue (ethanol solution) to thereby obtain a uniform solution. After concentration under reduced pressure, water (3 ml) was added to the residue, followed by freeze-drying to thereby obtain 19 mg of white solid (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-[4-(pyridin-2-yloxy)butyl]-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine difumarate.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm:

1.45-1.55 (2H, m), 1.65-1.8 (2H, m), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.15 (1H, m), 2.6-4.05 (11H, m), 4.25 (2H, t, J=6.5 Hz), 4.3-4.4 (1H, m), 6.55 (4H, s), 6.77 (1H, d, J=8.5 Hz), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 6.9-7.0 (1H, m), 7.03 (1H, dd, J=3 Hz, J=6.5 Hz), 7.22 (1H, dd, J=9 Hz, J=9 Hz), 7.65-7.7 (1H, m), 8.1-8.15 (1H, m).

EXAMPLE 6 Synthesis of (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-methylsulfanylpropyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine hydrochloride

An acetic acid solution (3 ml) containing 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)amino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (0.60 g, 1.9 mmol) and 3-methylthiopropionic aldehyde (0.6 g, 5.7 mmol) was stirred at room temperature over night. Sodium triacetoxy borohydride (0.81 g, 3.8 mmol) was added to the mixture, followed by stirring at room temperature for 15 hours. Dichloromethane was added to the reaction solution, and the reaction solution was washed with water and an aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution, and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was then dissolved in 1 N hydrochloric acid-ethanol (10 ml) and heated under reflux for one hour. The reaction solution was concentrated to dryness to thereby obtain 0.16 of yellow amorphous solid (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(3-methylsulfanyl propyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine hydrochloride.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm:

1.52-1.70 (2H, m), 1.80-2.18 (including 5H, m[2.07 ppm(s)]), 2.40-2.51 (2H, m), 2.84-3.49 (6H, m), 4.29-4.49 (1H, m), 6.85-6.95 (1H, m), 7.05-7.35 (2H, m), 9.30-9.79 (2H, m).

EXAMPLE 7 Synthesis of (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-3-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine dimethanesulfonate

To a dichloromethane solution (100 ml) containing 3(S)-[(3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-3-ylamino]pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (16.0 g, 41 mmol) was added trifluoroacetic acid (20 ml), followed by stirring at room temperature for 3 hours. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and an aqueous saturated sodium hydrogencarbonate solution was added to the residue to make the residue alkaline, followed by extraction with dichloromethane. The extract was dried over magnesium sulfate, the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was purified by basic silica gel column chromatography (dichloromethane:methanol=10:1). The solvent was distilled off from the purified product under reduced pressure. To an ethanol solution containing the residue was added methanesulfonic acid (9.2 g), and the solvent was then distilled off under reduced pressure. The residue was recrystallized from ethanol to thereby obtain 16.9 g of white powdery (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-3-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine dimethanesulfonate.

Melting point 194.0-195.0° C.

The compounds of Example 8 to 1180 shown in the below Tables can be prepared in the same manners as in the above Examples, using corresponding starting compounds. In the following Tables, compounds with the physical properties, such as crystalline form, m.p. (melting point), salt, ¹H-NMR and MS (mass spectrum), were produced actually.

TABLE 39

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 M.p. (° C.) Salt 8 —H —H —Cl —H —H 173.7-175.0 Fumarate 9 —Cl —Cl —H —H —H 160.3-162.6 Fumarate 10 —H —Cl —H —H —H 144.2-146.7 Fumarate

TABLE 40

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 NMR Salt 11 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.50-1.68 (1H, m), 2.10-2.29 (1H, m), 2.74-2.90 (1H, m), chloride 3.02-3.22 (2H, m), 3.51-3.66 (1H, m), 4.61-4.79 (1H, m), 6.58 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and 9.0 Hz), 6.87 (1H, d, J = 2.9 Hz), 7.13-7.19 (2H, m), 7.29-7.44 (2H, m), 7.45-7.54 (2H, m), 12 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.49-1.68 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 2.69-2.82 (1H, m), 2.92-3.15 (2H, m), 3.44-3.60 (1H, m), 4.55-4.74 (1H, m), 6.44 (2H, s), 6.57 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and 9.0 Hz), 6.85 (1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz), 7.11-7.21 (2H, m), 7.29-7.41 (2H, m), 7.43-7.54 (2H, m)

TABLE 41

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 M.p. (° C.) Salt 13 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 155.4-156.4 Fumarate 14 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —Cl —Cl —H 178.7-180.1 Fumarate 15 —H —H —H —H —F —H —H —Cl —Cl —H 156.6-158.7 Fumarate 16 —H —F —H —H —H —H —Cl —Cl —H —H 156.4-158.5 Fumarate

TABLE 42

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 M.p. (° C.) Salt 17 —H —H —Cl —H —H 152.0-153.0 Fumarate 18 —H —Cl —C —H —H 144.0-147.9 Fumarate 19 —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H 152.9-155.5 Fumarate 20 —H —H —F —H —H 143.0-145.0 Fumarate 21 —Cl —H —H —H —H 138.1-141.8 Fumarate 22 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 141.7-143-8 Fumarate 23 —Cl —Cl —H —H —H 130.2-132.2 Fumarate 24 —H —H —OCF₃ —H —H 131.2-133.6 Fumarate 25 —H —Cl —H —H —H 146.6-149.1 Fumarate 26 —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 120.3-124.6 Fumarate 27 —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 137.5-139.2 Fumarate 28 —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 153.0-135.5 Fumarate 29 —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 135.3-140.7 Fumarate 30 —H —H —CO₂CH₃ —H —H 147.5-149.0 Fumarate 31 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H 164.8-166.8 Fumarate 32 —H —H —Br —H —H 156-158 Fumarate 33 —H —H —SO₂CH₃ —H —H 184.5-185.8 (dec.) Fumarate 34 —H —F —F —H —H 137.5-138.5 Fumarate 35 —H —H —CN —H —H 146.7-149.6 Fumarate 36 —H —Cl —OCH₃ —H —H 142-144 Fumarate 37 —H —H —H —F —H 144.2-145.2 Fumarate 38 —H —F —Cl —H —H 155.4-158.4 Fumarate 39 —H —Cl —OC₂H₅ —H —H 135.0-137.2 Fumarate 40 —H —Cl —OC₃H₇ —H —H 129.6-132.4 Fumarate

TABLE 43

Ex No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 NMR Salt 41 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydrochloride 1.50-1.68 (1H, m), 2.10-2.29 (1H, m), 2.75-2.90 (1H, m), 3.02-3.23 (2H, m), 3.51-3.65 (1H, m), 4.60-4.80 (1H, m), 6.58 (1H, dd, J = 2.9 Hz and 9.0 Hz), 6.87 (1H, d, J = 2.9 Hz), 7.12-7.19 (2H, m), 7.29-7.44 (2H, m), 7.45-7.54 (2H, m), 9.05 (2H, brs) 42 —H —H —NH₂ —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.52-1.69 (1H, m), 2.09-2.24 (1H, m), 2.71-2.86 chloride (1H, m), 3.00-3.21 (2H, m), 3.48-3.62 (1H, m), 4.52-4.75 (1H, m), 6.82-6.90 (2H, m), 6.98-7.08 (2H, m), 7.14-7.23 (1H, m), 7.24-7.32 (2H, m), 7.35-7.44 (2H, m), 9.30-10.9 (5H, m) 43 —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.50-1.70 (1H, m), 2.09-2.27 (1H, m), 2.69-2.87 chloride (1H, m), 2.92-3.24 (8H, m with s at δ3.01), 4.60- 4.77 (1H, m), 6.83 (2H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 6.90-7.20 (3H, m), 7.22-7.70 (4H, m), 9.12-9.60 (2H, m) 44 —H —Cl —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.50-1.68 (1H, m), 2.05-2.20 (1H, m), 2.72-2.86 (1H, m), 2.96-3.13 (2H, m), 3.43-3.57 (1H, m), 4.52-4.69 (1H, m), 6.45 (2H, s), 6.77-6.86 (1H, m), 6.97 (2H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.05 (1H, dd, J = 2.8 Hz and 6.4 Hz), 7.09-7.17 (1H, m), 7.26-7.41 (3H, m) 45 —H —H —CO₂H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydrochloride 1.50-1.70 (1H, m), 2.14-2.30 (1H, m), 2.70-2.90 (1H, m), 2.99-3.22 (2H, m), 3.51-3.70 (1H, m), 4.69-4.89 (1H, m), 6.54-6.64 (2H, m), 7.19-7.29 (2H, m), 7.38-7.48 (1H, m), 7.49-7.59 (2H, m), 7.68-7.79 (2H, m), 9.34 (2H, brs), 12.32 (1H, brs) 46 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.20 (3H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.44 (2H, s), 6.6-6.8 (2H, m), 6.8-6.9 (2H, m), 6.9-7.0 (1H, m), 7.0-7.3 (3H, m) 47 —H —F —F —OCH₃ —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 3.77 (3H, s), 4.6-4.8 (1H, m), 6.2-6.4 (2H, m), 6.47 (2H, s), 7.00 (2H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.15 (1H, dd, J = 7.3 Hz, J = 7.3 Hz), 7.3-7.5 (2H, m)

TABLE 44

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 M.p. (° C.) Salt 48 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 156.0-157.0 Fumarate 49 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —Cl —Cl —H 170.5-171.8 Fumarate 50 —H —H —H —H —F —H —H —Cl —Cl —H 133.1-135.8 Fumarate 51 —H —H —Cl —H —H —H —F —H —H —H 154.3-155.6 Fumarate 52 —H —H —F —H —H —H —F —H —H —H 143.2-144.4 Fumarate 53 —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —F —H —H —H 144.0-146.2 2 Fumarate 54 —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H —F —H —H —H 161.1-163.2 Fumarate 55 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 174.1-176.2 Fumarate 56 —H —H —F —H —H —H —F —F —H —H 148.6-151.3 Fumarate 57 —H —H —F —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 176.7-178.4 Fumarate 58 —H —H —F —H —H —H —F —Cl —H —H 163.1-164.1 Fumarate 59 —H —H —H —F —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 149.0-152.0 Fumarate 60 —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 142-143 Fumarate 61 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 133.1-135.1 Fumarate 62 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 144.0-146.0 Fumarate 63 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H 138.0-141.0 Fumarate 64 —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —Cl —H 136.7-139.0 Fumarate 65 —H —H —C₃H₇ —H —H —H —H —F —Cl —H 136.6-138.0 Fumarate 66 —H —H —C(CH₃)₃ —H —H —H —H —F —Cl —H 132.0-134.8 Fumarate 67 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 165-167 Fumarate 68 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —OH —H —H 191.5-194.5 Fumarate 69 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 145-148 Fumarate

TABLE 45

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 M.p. (° C.) Salt 70 —H —H —Br —H —H —H —H —F —Cl —H 141-143 Fumarate 71 —H —H -3-THIENYL —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 158-160 Fumarate 72 —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —F —Cl —H 105-108 2 Fumarate 73 —H —H —CN —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 174-175 Fumarate 74 —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 169-170 Fumarate 75 —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 153-154 Fumarate 76 —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 135-137 Fumarate 77 —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 155-156 Fumarate 78 —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 162-164 Fumarate 79 —H —H —CN —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 169-170 Fumarate 80 —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 129-130 Fumarate 81 —H —H —F —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H 156-158 Fumarate 82 —H —NO₂ —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 108-110 Fumarate 83 —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —CH₃ —H 140-142 Fumarate 84 —H —H —OC₂H₃ —H —H —H —H —F —CH₃ —H 112-113 Fumarate 85 —H —F —H —H —H —H —F —H —H —H 149.0-153.0 (dec.) Fumarate 86 —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 143-144 Fumarate

TABLE 46

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 M.p. (° C.) Salt 87 —H —H

—H —H —H —H —F —Cl —H 199-203 3 Hydro chloride 88 —H —H

—H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 108-110 Fumarate 89 —H —H

—H —H —H —H —F —Cl —H 198-201 3 Hydro chloride 90 —H —H

—H —H —H —H —F —Cl —H 115-117

TABLE 47

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR Salt 91 —H —F —H —H —H —H —Cl —Cl —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.49-1.69 Fumarate (1H, m), 2.03-2.22 (1H, m), 2.73- 2.86 (1H, m), 2.92-3.10 (2H, m), 3.42-3.58 (1H, m), 4.54-4.72 (1H, m), 6.73-6.91 (3H, m with dd at δ6.82, J = 2.7 Hz and 8.8 Hz, and dt at δ6.88, J = 2.4 Hz and 11.1 Hz), 6.93-7.01 (1H, m), 7.14 (1H, d, J = 2.7 Hz), 7.32- 7.43 (1H, m), 7.51 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz) 92 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.17 (6H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.44 (2H, s), 6.7-6.9 (4H, m), 7.05 (2H, dd, J = 9.1 Hz, J = 9.1 Hz) 93 —H —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.23 (3H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.3-6.6 (3H, m), 6.44 (2H, s), 7.0-7.2 (3H, m), 7.22 (1H, dd, J = 9.2 Hz, J = 8.9 Hz) 94 —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.27 (3H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.45 (2H, s), 6.7-7.1 (5H, m), 7.2-7.4 (2H, m) 95 —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.30 (3H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.3-6.6 (3H, m), 6.43 (2H, s), 6.8-7.0 (2H, m), 7.1-7.3 (2H, m), 7.33 (1H, dd, J = 7.7 Hz, J = 7.7 Hz) 96 —H —H —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.48 (3H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.43 (2H, s), 6.7-6.9 (4H, m), 7.0-7.2 (3H, m)

TABLE 48

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR Salt 97 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —F —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.33 (3H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.3-6.6 (3H, m), 6.43 (2H, s), 7.05 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.1-7.2 (1H, m), 7.28 (2H, d, J = 8.1 Hz) 98 —H —Cl —CH₃ —H —H —H —F —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.32 (3H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.4-6.7 (3H, m), 6.43 (2H, s), 6.98 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.16 (1H, s), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m), 7.38 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz) 99 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —C₂H₅ —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.18 (3H, t, J = 7.6 Hz), 1.49-1.68 (1H, m), 2.01-2.19 (1H, m), 2.60 (2H, q, J = 7.6 Hz), 2.69-2.81 (1H, m), 2.92-3.14 (2H, m), 3.40-3.55 (1H, m), 4.50-4.69 (1H, m), 6.44 (2H, s), 6.63-6.71 (1H, m), 6.89 (1H, dd, J = 2.8 Hz and 6.3 Hz), 7.00 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.19-7.29 (2H, m) 100 —H —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —Cl —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.30 (3H, s), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.4-6.7 (3H, m), 6.46 (2H, s), 6.93 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.12 (1H, s), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m), 7.43 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz) 101 —H —F —H —H —H —H —CN —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.6-4.8 (1H, m), 6.48 (2H, s), 6.7-7.0 (3H, m), 7.1-7.2 (1H, m), 7.3-7.5 (4H, m) 102 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —CN —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.6-4.8 (1H, m), 6.44 (2H, s), 6.93 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 7.1-7.2 (1H, m), 7.19 (1H, s), 7.27 (1H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.37 (1H, dd, J = 7.6 Hz, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.4-7.6 (2H, m)

TABLE 49

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR Salt 103 —H —H —CO₂C₂H₅ —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydrochloride 1.26 (3H, t, J = 7.1 Hz), 1.55-1.68 (1H, m), 2.18-2.29 (1H, m), 2.83-2.92 (1H, m), 3.07-3.19 (2H, m), 3.58-3.68 (1H, m), 4.23 (2H, q, J = 7.1 Hz), 4.71-4.82 (1H, m), 6.65 (2H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.28-7.34 (1H, m), 7.55-7.64 (2H, m), 7.76 (2H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.90-9.51 (2H, br) 104 —H —H —CO₂H —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydrochloride 1.52-1.70 (1H, m), 2.15-2.21 (1H, m), 2.81-2.92 (1H, m), 3.06- 3.18 (2H, m), 3.53-3.67 (1H, m), 4.65-4.80 (1H, m), 6.64 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.25-7.33 (1H, m), 7.52-7.62 (2H, m), 7.75 (2H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.50-10.50 (1H, br), 11.00-13.00 (2H, br) 105 —H —H —SO₂CH₃ —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydrochloride 1.56-1.68 (1H, m), 2.19-2.29 (1H, m), 2.82-2.94 (1H, m), 3.08 (3H, s), 3.10-3.20 (2H, m), 3.57-3.68 (1H, m), 4.70-4.85 (1H, m), 6.69-6.75 (2H, m), 7.32-7.37 (1H, m), 7.58-7.64 (1H, m), 7.65-7.69 (3H, m), 9.10-9.45 (2H, m) 106 —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.52-1.70 (1H, m), 2.08-2.25 (1H, chloride m), 2.24 (3H, s), 2.73-2.87 (1H, m), 3.03 (6H, s), 3.02-3.19 (2H, m), 3.50-3.67 (1H, m), 4.65-4.76 (1H, m), 6.73 (2H, d, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.00-7.20 (2H, m), 7.25 (1H, t, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.56 (2H, d, J = 7.2 Hz), 9.47 (1H, brs), 9.58 (1H, brs).

TABLE 50

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 NMR 107 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H

—H —H 1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.56-1.86 (5H, m), 2.17-2.30 (1H, m), 2.96 (1H, dd, J = 7.4, 11.5 Hz), 3.08-3.21 (6H, m), 3.52 (1H, dd, J = 6.8, 11.4 Hz), 4.58-4.72 (1H, m), 6.62 (2H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.02-7.09 (1H, m), 7.21-7.30 (2H, m), 7.59 (2H, d, J = 9.0 Hz).

TABLE 51

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 M.p. (° C.) Salt 108 —H —Cl —F —H —H

126-129 109 —H —H —H —H —H

141-142 Fumarate 110 —H —H —H —H —H

148-150 Fumarate 111 —H —Cl —F —H —H

144-146 (dec.) Fumarate 112 —H —H —F —Cl —H

168-170 Fumarate 113 —H —H —H —H —H

133-135 Fumarate 114 —H —H —F —H —H

131.6-133.3 Fumarate 115 —H —H —F —H —H

133.2-135.6 Fumarate 116 —H —H —H —H —H

158-160 Hydrochloride

TABLE 52

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 117 —H —H —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.4-3.5 (1H, m), 4.4- 4.6 (1H, m), 6.02 (2H, s), 6.43 (2H, s), 6.54 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 6.69 (1H, s), 6.7-6.8 (2H, m), 6.90 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.0-7.1 (2H, m) Fumarate 118 —H —H —F —Cl —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5- 4.7 (1H, m), 6.06 (2H, s), 6.44 (2H, s), 6.5-6.7 (2H, m), 6.7-6.8 (2H, m), 6.96 (1H, d, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.12 (1H, s), 7.1-7.3 (1H, m) Fumarate 119 —H —H —H —F —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 2.9-3.1 (2H, m), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5- 4.7 (1H, m), 6.08 (2H, s), 6.3-6.5 (3H, m), 6.44 (2H, s), 6.67 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 6.82 (1H, s), 6.99 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.0-7.2 (1H, m) Fumarate 120 —H —H —F —Cl —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.24 (4H, s), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 6.45 (2H, s), 6.5-6.7 (2H, m), 6.70 (1H, s), 6.7-6.8 (1H, m), 6.91 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.20 (1H, dd, J = 9.1 Hz, J = 9.1 Hz) Fumarate 121 —H —H —F —Cl —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.6- 4.8 (1H, m), 6.45 (2H, s), 6.9-7.0 (1H, m), 7.08 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.23 (1H, dd, J = 9.1 Hz, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.42 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.66 (1H, s), 7.80 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 8.02 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz) Fumarate 122 —H —H —F —Cl —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.6- 4.8 (1H, m), 6.46 (2H, s), 6.5-6.6 (1H, m), 6.7-6.8 (1H, m), 6.96 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 7.09 (1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.18 (1H, dd, J = 9.1 Hz, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.50 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 7.67 (1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 8.05 (1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz) Fumarate

TABLE 53

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR 123 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.7-1.9 (2H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (3H, m), 3.05-3.25 (1H, m), 4.35-4.6 (1H, m), 6.24 (1H, d, J = 1 Hz), 6.4-6.5 (1H, m), 6.65-6.75 (1H, m), 6.8-7.0 (2H, m), 7.1- 7.2 (1H, m), 7.22 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.36 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.43 (1H, br). 124 —H —H —H —H —H

1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.68 (1H, br), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.86 (2H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.99 (1H, dd, J = 5.5, 12 Hz), 3.13 (1H, dd, J = 6.5, 11.5 Hz), 4.5-4.6 (1H, m), 6.2-6.3 (1H, m), 6.6-6.75 (3H, m), 6.92 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.05-7.25 (4H, m), 7.35 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.34 (1H, br). 125 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.65-1.9 (2H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (3H, m), 3.05-3.2 (1H, m), 4.25-4.4 (1H, m), 6.4-6.5 (1H, m), 6.57 (1H, d, J = 3H), 6.67 (1H, dd, J = 3, 6 Hz), 6.75-6.85 (1H, m), 6.90 (1H, dd, J = 9, 9 Hz), 7.13 (1H, s), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m), 7.64 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.38 (1H, br). 126 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR(CDCl3) δppm 1.74-1.91 (1H, m), 2.03-2.18 (1H, m), 2.82-3.00 (3H, m), 3.14 (1H, dd, J = 6.5 Hz, 11.5 Hz), 4.30-4.40 (1H, m), 6.39-6.46 (1H, m), 6.55 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz), 6.63 (1H, dd, J = 3.0 Hz, 3.0 Hz), 6.83-6.91 (1H, m), 7.18-7.41 (3H, m), 8.50 (1H, br)

TABLE 54

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 127 —H —H —H —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.4-1.6 (1H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 2.8-2.95 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.55-3.7 (1H, m), 4.8-5.0 (1H, m), 6.47 (2H, s), 6.53 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.68 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 7.0-7.2 (2H, m), 7.4-7.7 (4H, m), 7.7-7.85 (1H, m), 8.02 (2H, d, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz). Fumarate 128 —H —H —F —Cl —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.35-1.55 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.25-5.45 (8H, m), 6.3-6.45 (1H, m), 6.48 (2H, s), 6.77 (1H, dd, J = 3, 6 Hz), 7.14 (1H, dd, J = 9, 9 Hz), 7.55 (1H, dd, J = 4, 8.5 Hz), 7.62 (1H, dd, J = 1, 7.5 Hz), 7.88 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 8.12 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.22 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 8.96 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 4 Hz). Fumarate 129 —H —H —H —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.45-1.8 (1H, m), 1.95-2.25 (1H, m), 2.6-4.8 (8H, m), 6.44 (2H, s), 6.67 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.77 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 6.96 (1H, dd, J = 1, 2 Hz), 7.06 (1H, dd, J = 2, 8.5 Hz), 7.16 (2H, dd, J = 7.5, 8.5 Hz), 7.47 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 7.65 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz). Fumarate

TABLE 55

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 M.p. (° C.) Salt 130 —H —Cl —F —H —H

183-186 Hydrochloride 131 —H —Cl —F —H —H

128.0-129.9 Fumarate 132 —H —H —F —H —H

172-176 2 Hydrochloride 133 —H —Cl —F —H —H

183-186 2 Hydrochloride 134 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H

209-211 2Methanesulfonate 135 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H

193-195 2Methanesulfonate 136 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H

122-126 2 Hydrochloride 137 —H —Cl —F —H —H

137.0-140.0 Fumarate 138 —H —H —F —H —H

115-119 (dec.) Fumarate 139 —H —Cl —F —H —H

162.0-164.0 Fumarate

TABLE 56

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 140 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 2.27 (3H, s), 3.1-3.3 (3H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.8-5.0 (1H, m), 6.79 (1H, d, J = 3.7 Hz), 7.23 (1H, d, J = 3.7 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (1H, m), 7.43 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 9.25 (1H, brs), 9.44 (1H, brs) 2-Hydro chloride 141 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.79-1.98 (1H, m), 2.14-2.33 (1H, m), 2.19 (3H, d, J = 1.0 HZ), 2.98-3.29 (2H, m), 3.46- 3.63 (1H, m), 4.71-4.90 (1H, m), 6.93 (1H, d, J = 1.0 Hz), 7.50-7.65 (2H, m), 7.84 (1H, dd, J = 2.5 Hz, 6.5 Hz), 9.05 (1H, br), 9.24 (1H, br). 2 Hydro chloride 142 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.55-1.72 (1H, m), 2.05-2.29 (1H, m), 2.82-2.95 (1H, m), 3.02-3.14 (2H, m), 3.51-3.65 (1H, m), 4.65-4.83 (1H, m), 6.51 (4H, s), 7.20-7.29 (1H, m), 7.46-7.60 (2H, m with dd, J = 2.6 Hz and 6.7 Hz), 8.24 (2H, s), 8.68 (1H, s). 2 Fumarate 143 —H —Cl —F —H —H

H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.6-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.2 (1H, m), 2.57 (3H, s), 2.9-3.1 (1H, m), 3.1-3.2 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 5.2-5.4 (1H, m), 5.87 (1H, d, J = 6.1 Hz), 7.4-7.5 (1H, m), 7.65 (1H, dd, J = 8.9 Hz, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (1H, m), 8.01 (1H, d, J = 6.1 Hz), 9.39 (1H, brs), 9.59 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride 144 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.66-1.88 (1H, m), 2.10-2.29 (1H, m), 2.96-3.30 (3H, m), 3.48-3.64 (1H, m), 4.95-5.09 (1H, m), 7.38-7.49 (1H, m), 7.53 (1H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 7.55- 7.66 (1H, m), 7.7 (1H, dd, J = 2.5 Hz and 6.8 Hz), 7.94 (1H, d, J = 2.7 Hz), 8.19-8.26 (1H, m), 9.30 (1H, brs), 9.62 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride

TABLE 57

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 145 —H —Cl —F —H —H

H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 5.0-5.2 (1H, m), 7.11 (1H, dd, J = 7.3 Hz, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.32 (1H, dd, J = 7.3 Hz, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.6-7.8 (4H, m), 7.9-8.1 (1H, m), 9.22 (1H, brs), 9.46 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride 146 —H —Cl —F —H —H

H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 2.57 (3H, s), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 3.72 (3H, s), 4.9-5.1 (1H, m), 6.92 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.31 (1H, s), 7.52 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.6-7.7 (2H, m), 7.9-8.1 (1H, m), 9.17 (1H, brs), 9.42 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride 147 —H —H —H —H —H

H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 3.1-3.4 (3H, m), 3.6-3.7 (1H, m), 5.0-5.2 (1H, m), 7.08 (1H, dd, J = 7.2 Hz, J = 7.9 Hz), 7.31 (1H, dd, J = 7.2 Hz, J = 8.2 Hz), 7.5-7.8 (7H, m), 9.28 (1H, brs), 9.50 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride 148 —H —Cl —F —H —H

H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.3-2.4 (1H, m), 2.9-3.1 (1H, m), 3.1-3.2 (2H, m), 3.7-3.8 (1H, m), 5.1-5.2 (1H, m), 7.39 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 5.7 Hz), 7.7-7.8 (2H, m), 8.08 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz), 8.22 (1H, d, J = 5.7 Hz), 8.69 (1H, d, J = 7.0 Hz), 9.43 (1H, brs), 9.59 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride

TABLE 58

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 149 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 2.9-3.1 (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.8-5.0 (1H, m), 7.3-7.4 (1H, m), 7.56 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.6-7.7 (1H, m), 7.7-7.9 (2H, m), 8.08 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 8.22 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.27 (1H, s), 8.67 (1H, s), 9.57 (1H, brs), 9.64 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride 150 —H —Cl —F —H —H

H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.82 (3H, s), 1.9-2.1 (1H, m), 2.2-2.3 (1H, m), 3.1-3.2 (1H, m), 3.2-3.3 (1H, m), 3.4-3.5 (1H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.9-5.0 (1H, m), 7.0-7.1 (1H, m), 7.3-7.4 (2H, m), 7.4-7.5 (1H, m), 7.68 (1H, dd, J = 8.0 Hz, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.81 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz), 7.92 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 8.04 (1H, s), 8.94 (1H, brs), 9.11 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride 151 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.32 (3H, s), 2.4-2.5 (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (1H, m), 3.4-3.5 (1H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.1-4.3 (1H, m), 5.2-5.4 (1H, m) ,7.0-7.3 (3H, m), 7.5-7.7 (2H, m), 7.89 (1H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 8.04 (1H, s), 8.47 (1H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 8.87 (1H, s), 9.72 (1H, brs), 10.28 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro chloride 152 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 2.9-3.1 (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.8-5.0 (1H, m), 6.3-6.4 (1H, m), 6.48 (2H, s), 6.7-6.8 (1H, m), 7.15 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.6-7.8 (3H, m), 8.1-8.3 (1H, m), 8.51 (1H, s), 9.41 (1H, s) Fumarate

TABLE 59

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 153 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 208.0-211.0 (dec.) 2 Hydrochloride 154 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 152.4-1.54.4 Fumarate 155 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 141.8-143.1 Fumarate 156 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 138.6-140.2 Fumarate 157 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 207.0-208.0 2Methanesulfonate 158 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H -3-THIENYL —H —H 148-151 2 Hydrochloride 159 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H -4-PYRIDYL —H —H 157-158 3 Hydrochloride 160 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —C₆H₅ —H —H 150-153 2 Hydrochloride 161 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —F 83-85 2 Hydrochloride 162 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —F —H 150-153 2 Hydrochloride 163 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 87-89 Hydrochloride 164 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 153-156 2 Hydrochloride 165 —H —Cl —F —H —H —Br —H —H —H 220-223 Hydrochloride 166 —H —Cl —F —H —H —Cl —H —H —H 219-220 Hydrochloride 167 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —C₂H₅ —H —H 112-115 Fumarate 168 —H —Cl —F —H —H -2-THIENYL —H —H —H  98-103 Hydrochloride 169 —H —Cl —F —H —H -3-THIENYL —H —H —H 95-98 Hydrochloride 170 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —Cl —H 125-128 2 Hydrochloride 171 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —F —H —H 111-115 2 Hydrochloride 172 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —Br —H —H 115-118 2 Hydrochloride 173 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —F 75-80 2 Hydrochloride 174 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —F —H 125-128 2 Hydrochloride

TABLE 60

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 175 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 160-165 2 Hydrochloride 176 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CN —H —H 211-213 Hydrochloride 177 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —CN —H —H 126-130 2 Hydrochloride 178 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 204-207 2 Hydrochloride 179 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 100-105 2 Hydrochloride 180 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 190-195 2 Hydrochloride 181 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —CN —H 135-138 2 Hydrochloride 182 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 163-165 Fumarate 183 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 190-191 2 Hydrochloride 184 —H —H —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 95-97 Fumarate 185 —H —CH3 —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 156-157 Fumarate 186 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Br —H —H 159-160 Fumarate 187 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 226-228 2 Hydrochloride 188 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H 135-138 2 Hydrochloride 189 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —Cl —H —H 123-125 2 Hydrochloride 190 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H -3-FURYL —H —H 157-160 2 Hydrochloride 191 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H -2-THIENYL —H —H 152-155 2 Hydrochloride 192 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —F —H —H 115-120 2 Hydrochloride

TABLE 61

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 193 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 143-145 2 Hydro chloride 194 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 145-146 2 Hydro chloride 195 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 113-116 2 Hydro chloride 196 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 128-130 2 Hydro chloride 197 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 116-120 2 Hydro chloride 198 —H —H —F —H —H —H

—H —H 132-135 2 Hydro chloride 199 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 142-145 3 Hydro chloride 200 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 212-215 4 Hydro chloride 201 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 208-211 4 Hydro chloride 202 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 200-203 3 Hydro chloride

TABLE 62

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 203 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 160-162 4 Hydro chloride 204 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 167-170 2 Hydro chloride 205 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 200-203 3 Hydro chloride 206 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 243-246 3 Hydro chloride 207 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 145-147 4 Hydro chloride 208 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H

—H —H 143-145 3 Hydro chloride 209 —H —H —F —H —H —H

—H —H 131-133 3 Hydro chloride 210 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H

—H —H 184-186 3 Hydro chloride 211 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H

—H —H 160-162 3 Hydro chloride 212 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H

—H —H 133-135 2 Hydro chloride

TABLE 63

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 213 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 128-131 2 Hydro chloride 214 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H

—H —H 164-166 2 Hydro chloride

TABLE 64

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 215 —H —Cl —F —H —H

—H —H —H 181-183 4 Hydro chloride

TABLE 65

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 216 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.59-1.82 (1H, m), 2.11-2.35 (1H, m), 2.85-3.28 (3H, m), chloride 3.50-3.71 (1H, m), 5.01-5.21 (1H, m), 6.25-6.46 (1H, m), 6.82-6.92 (1H, m), 7.33-7.50 (1H, m), 7.55-7.70 (2H, m), 7.74 (1H, dd, J = 2.4 Hz and 6.7 Hz), 8.11-8.21 (1H, m), 9.20-9.75 (2H, m) 217 —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydro- 1.60-1.79 (1H, m), 2.13-2.30 (1H, m), 2.50 (1H, s), 2.86- chloride 3.02 (1H, m), 3.05-3.20 (2H, m), 3.59-3.64 (1H, m), 5.29-5.45 (1H, m), 5.80-6.00 (1H, m), 6.68 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz), 7.32 (1H, d, J = 7.2 Hz), 7.41-7.51 (2H, m), 7.53-7.61 (2H, m), 9.49 (2H, brs) 218 —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.61-1.79 (1H, m), 2.19 (3H, s), 2.23-2.39 (1H, m), chloride 2.85-3.20 (3H, m), 3.59-3.74 (1H, m), 5.05-5.22 (1H, m), 6.20-6.40 (1H, m), 7.32-7.41 (2H, m), 7.46-7.62 (4H, m), 7.94-7.99 (1H, m), 9.30-9.65 (2H, br) 219 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.60-1.80 (1H, m), 2.19 (3H, s), 2.24-2.48 (1H, m), chloride 2.81-3.00 (1H, m), 3.02-3.19 (2H, m), 3.58-3.64 (1H, m), 6.30 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.32-7.42 (2H, m), 7.49- 7.68 (4H, m), 7.93-8.01 (1H, m), 9.50 (2H, brs) 220 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fum- 1.52-1.76 (1H, m), 1.92-2.18 (1H, m), 2.32 (3H, s), arate 2.90-3.22 (3H, m), 3.50-3.72 (1H, m), 5.05-5.25 (1H, m), 5.72-5.90 (1H, m), 6.35-6.70 (3H, m), 7.11-7.75 (3H, m) 221 —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.65-1.83 (1H, m), 2.16-2.31 (1H, m), 3.00-3.31 chloride (3H, m), 3.52-3.67 (1H, m), 5.03-5.16 (1H, m), 6.25 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.80-6.85 (1H, m), 7.52-7.59 (1H, m), 7.67-7.81 (1H, m), 7.84 (1H, d, J = 6.5 Hz), 8.19-8.22 (1H, m), 9.07 (1H, br), 9.34 (1H, br).

TABLE 66

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 222 —H —Cl —F —Cl —H —H —H —CF₃ —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.7-1.8 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), chloride 3.2-3.3 (1H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 5.1-5.2 (1H, m), 6.24 (1H, s), 7.03 (1H, d, J = 5.3 Hz), 7.4-7.5 (1H, m), 7.63 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.7-7.8 (1H, m), 8.47 (1H, d, J = 5.3 Hz), 9.21 (1H, brs), 9.53 (1H, brs) 223 —H —Cl —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.6-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.2 (1H, m), 2.9-3.1 (1H, m), chloride 3.1-3.2 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 3.85 (3H, s), 5.1- 5.2 (1H, m), 5.52 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 6.12 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.3-7.4 (2H, m), 7.5-7.7 (2H, m), 9.25 (1H, brs), 9.45 (1H, brs) 224 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —Cl H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 2 Hydro 2.1-2.4 (2H, m), 2.23 (3H, s), 3.2-3.3 (1H, m), chloride 3.4-3.6 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 (1H, m), 6.7-7.1 (4H, m), 7.57 (1H, d, J = 7.1 Hz), 8.52 (1H, d, J = 3.9 Hz), 9.53 (1H, brs), 10.10 (1H, brs) 225 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 2 Hydro 1.8-2.0 (1H, m), 2.35 (3H, s), 2.5-2.7 (1H, m), chloride 3.1-3.4 (2H, m), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.1-4.3 (1H, m), 5.3-5.5 (1H, m), 6.47 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.05 (1H, s), 7.2-7.4 (3H, m), 7.78 (1H, dd, J = 8.9 Hz, J = 7.6 Hz), 8.25 (1H, d, J = 4.7 Hz), 9.51 (1H, brs), 10.39 (1H, brs) 226 —H —H —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 2 Hydro 1.6-2.0 (1H, m), 2.31 (3H, s), 2.35 (3H, s), chloride 2.6-2.7 (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (1H, m), 3.3-3.4 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.1-4.3 (1H, m), 5.3-5.5 (1H, m), 6.42 (1H, d, J = 9.3 Hz), 7.1-7.4 (3H, m), 7.61 (1H, d, J = 9.3 Hz), 8.04 (1H, s), 9.51 (1H, brs), 10.47 (1H, brs) 227 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 2 Hydro 1.8-2.0 (2H, m), 2.36 (3H, s), 2.4-2.5 (1H, m), chloride 2.92 (3H, s), 3.2-3.4 (2H, m), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.1-4.3 (1H, m), 6.0-6.1 (1H, m), 6.20 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 6.73 (1H, d, J = 7.1 Hz), 7.1-7.3 (3H, m), 7.5-7.7 (1H, m), 9.29 (1H, brs), 10.98 (1H, brs)

TABLE 67

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 228 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 2 Hydro 1.9-2.1 (1H, m), 2.26 (3H, s), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), chloride 3.2-3.5 (3H, m), 3.6-3.9 (1H, m), 3.90 (3H, s), 5.0-5.2 (1H, m), 5.58 (1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 6.08 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz), 6.9-7.1 (3H, m), 7.22 (1H, dd, J = 8.0 Hz, J = 8.1 Hz), 9.74 (1H, brs), 10.18 (1H, brs) 229 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 2 Hydro 1.9-2.0 (1H, m), 2.31 (3H, s), 2.37 (3H, s), 2.6-2.7 chloride (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (1H, m), 3.3-3.4 (1H, m), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.1-4.3 (1H, m), 5.4-5.6 (1H, m), 6.18 (1H, s), 6.84 (1H, d, J = 6.3 Hz), 7.2-7.4 (3H, m), 8.11 (1H, d, J = 6.3 Hz), 9.55 (1H, brs), 10.64 (1H, brs) 230 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 2 Hydro 1.96 (3H, s), 2.0-2.1 (1H, m), 2.27 (3H, s), 2.4-2.6 chloride (1H, m), 3.4-3.7 (3H, m), 3.8-4.0 (1H, m), 5.3-5.5 (1H, m), 7.0-7.3 (3H, m), 7.3-7.5 (1H, m), 7.89 (1H, d, J = 7.0 Hz), 8.50 (1H, d, J = 5.1 Hz), 9.77 (1H, brs), 10.39 (1H, brs) 231 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —Cl H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.65-1.81 (1H, m), 1.99-2.09 (1H, m), 2.81-3.11 (4H, m), 4.50-4.61 (1H, m), 6.80-6.87 (1H, m), 7.00 (1H, dd, J = 2.8, 6.4 Hz), 7.05 (1H, t, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.61 (1H, d = 2.3 Hz), 8.26 (1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz). 232 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CN —H —H H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.63-1.77 (1H, m), 2.01-2.15 (1H, m), 2.78-2.96 (3H, m), 3.28-3.35 (1H, m), 5.02-5.16 (1H, m), 6.03 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.02-7.10 (1H, m), 7.24-7.32 (2H, m), 7.44 (1H, dd, J = 2.3, 9.0 Hz), 8.46 (1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz). 233 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CN —H —H —H H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.82-1.95 (1H, m), 2.19-2.25 (1H, m), 3.11-3.29 (3H, m), 3.62-3.70 (1H, m), 5.01-5.11 (1H, m), 6.27 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.06 (1H, d, J = 7.3 Hz), 7.10-7.15 (1H, m), 7.23-7.31 (2H, m), 7.39 (1H, dd, J = 7.3, 8.8 Hz).

TABLE 68

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 234 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —Cl —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.68-1.82 (1H, m), 2.11-2.24 (1H, m), 3.01-3.14 (2H, m), chloride 3.15-3.29 (1H, m), 3.48-3.65 (1H, m), 4.98-5.10 (1H, m), 6.21 (1H, s), 6.88 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.35-7.40 (1H, m), 7.76 (1H, d, J = 1.7 Hz), 7.82 (1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.21 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 9.19 (1H, brs), 9.55 (1H, brs). 235 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —Cl 1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm Hydro- 1.74 (1H, brs), 2.30 (1H, brs), 3.34 (1H, brs), chloride 3.55 (2H, brs), 3.73 (1H, brs), 4.79 (1H, brs), 6.90-7.13 (4H, m), 7.60 (1H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 8.58 (1H, s), 9.48 (1H, brs), 10.38 (1H, brs). 236 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H -3-PYRIDYL —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro 1.65-1.90 (1H, m), 2.13-2.31 (1H, m), 2.99-3.28 (3H, chloride m), 3.58-3.72 (1H, m), 5.13-5.28 (1H, m), 6.26 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.45 (1H, ddd, J = 2.6, 4.3, 8.6 Hz), 7.65 (1H, t, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.76 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 6.7 Hz), 8.02 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 9.0 Hz), 8.11 (1H, dd, J = 5.7, 8.1 Hz), 8.78-8.87 (3H, m), 9.25 (1H, s), 9.60 (1H, brs), 9.85 (1H, brs).

TABLE 69

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 237 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 194.0-195.0 2Methanesulfonate 238 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —C₆H₅ —H —H 158-161 2 Hydrochloride 239 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —F —H —H 75-80 2 Hydrochloride 240 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —F —H —H 121-123 Fumarate 241 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —CN —H —H 150-155 2 Hydrochloride 242 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H 108-110 Hydrochloride 243 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 232-234 2 Hydrochloride 244 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 136-137 Fumarate 245 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H -4-PYRIDYL —H 200-205 3 Hydrochloride

TABLE 70

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 246 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H

—H 252-257 4 Hydro- chloride 247 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H

—H —H 223-225 3 Hydro- chloride 248 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H

—H —H 155-157 2 Hydro- chloride

TABLE 71

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 249 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.50-1.70 (1H, m), 2.10-2.31 (1H, m), 2.75-2.90 (1H, m), 3.00-3.22 (2H, m), 3.51-3.68 (1H, m), 4.60-4.80 (1H, m), 6.47 (2H, s), 7.01-7.10 (2H, m), 7.13-7.30 (3H, m), 7.32- 7.45 (2H, m), 8.07 (1H, d, J = 2.7 Hz), 8.13 (1H, dd, J = 1.4 Hz and 4.5 Hz) 250 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.51-1.74 (1H, m), 2.13-2.35 (1H, m), 2.80-2.99 (1H, m), chloride 3.01-3.20 (2H, m), 3.52-3.72 (1H, m), 4.75-4.94 (1H, m), 7.39-7.48 (1H, m), 7.59-7.69 (2H, m), 7.71-7.81 (2H, m), 8.19-8.29 (2H, m) 251 —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.62-1.81 (1H, m), 2.20-2.37 (1H, m), 2.88-3.24 (3H, m), chloride 3.56-3.72 (1H, m), 5.10-5.27 (1H, m), 6.27 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 6.82-6.92 (1H, m), 7.37 (2H, d, J = 7.1 Hz), 7.49-7.72 (4H, m with d at δ7.58, J = 7.6 Hz), 8.15 (1H, dd, J = 1.2 Hz and 5.6 Hz), 9.30-9.80 (2H, m) 252 —H —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydro- 1.50-1.71 (1H, m), 2.05-2.28 (1H, m), 2.75-2.92 (1H, m), chloride 3.00-3.24 (2H, m), 3.45-3.62 (1H, m), 4.52-4.78 (1H, m), 6.86-6.98 (2H, m), 7.01-7.11 (1H, m), 7.15 (1H, dd, J = 3.4 Hz and 7.2 Hz), 7.28-7.39 (2H, m), 7.48-7.62 (1H, m), 7.84-7.93 (1H, m), 9.20-9.80 (2H, m) 253 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2Meth- 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0-2.2 (1H, m), 2.27 (3H, s), 2.36 (6H, s), ane- 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.0-3.3 (2H, m), 3.6-3.7 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 sulfonate (1H, m), 7.2-7.4 (3H, m), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.75 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 8.14 (1H, s), 8.22 (1H, d, J = 5.1 Hz), 8.83 (2H, brs) 254 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.2 (1H, m), 2.7-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.6 (1H, m), 3.86 (3H, s), 4.6-4.7 (1H, m), 6.46 (2H, s), 6.5-6.7 (1H, m), 6.85 (1H, d, J = 9.1 Hz), 6.90 (1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.21 (1H, dd, J = 9.1 Hz, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.56 (1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 8.03 (1H, s)

TABLE 72

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 255 —H —F —F —H —H —H —H —H —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.3 (1H, m), 2.9-3.0 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), chloride 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.8-4.9 (1H, m), 7.23 (1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.5-7.8 (4H, m), 8.21 (1H, s), 8.36 (1H, d, J = 5.1 Hz), 9.49 (1H, brs), 9.55 (1H, brs) 256 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.3 (1H, m), 2.9-3.0 (1H, m), 3.1-3.2 (2H, m), chloride 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.8-4.9 (1H, m), 7.26 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 7.6-7.8 (4H, m), 8.32 (1H, s), 8.34 (1H, d, J = 4.6 Hz), 9.38 (1H, brs), 9.50 (1H, brs) 257 —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.52-1.72 (1H, m), 2.19-2.35 (1H, m), 2.84-3.01 (1H, m), 3.05- chloride 3.21 (2H, m), 3.59-3.73 (1H, m), 4.81-4.94 (1H, m), 7.61 (1H, dd, J = 2.0 Hz, 8.5 Hz), 7.71-7.76 (3H, m), 7.82 (1H, d, J = 7.0 Hz), 8.26-8.29 (2H, m), 9.40 (1H, br), 9.50 (1H, br). 258 —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.3 (1H, m), 2.8-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), chloride 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.8-5.0 (1H, m), 7.29 (1H, d, J = 7.8 Hz), 7.47 (1H, s), 7.5-7.7 (3H, m), 7.76 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 8.21 (1H, s), 8.29 (1H, d, J = 5.3 Hz), 9.5-9.8 (2H, br) 259 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —Br —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), chloride 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 (1H, m), 7.2-7.4 (1H, m), 7.50 (1H, s), 7.56 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.6-7.7 (1H, m), 7.97 (1H, s), 8.23 (1H, s), 9.41 (1H, brs), 9.51 (1H, brs)

TABLE 73

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 260 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —COC₆H₅ —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 2.9-3.0 (1H, m), 3.1-3.2 chloride (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.8-5.0 (1H, m), 7.3-7.4 (1H, m), 7.5-7.9 (8H, m), 8.37 (1H, s), 8.39 (1H, s), 9.4-9.7 (2H, br) 261 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —C₆H₅ —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 2.9-3.0 (1H, m), 3.1-3.2 chloride (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.9-5.1 (1H, m), 7.4-7.5 (1H, m), 7.5-7.6 (3H, m), 7.62 (1H, dd, J = 8.9 Hz, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.7- 7.8 (1H, m), 7.79 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.87 (1H, s), 8.00 (1H, s), 8.57 (1H, s), 9.46 (1H, brs), 9.58 (1H, brs) 262 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.55 (3H, s), 2.8-3.0 (1H, chloride m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 (1H, m), 7.2- 7.3 (1H, m), 7.33 (1H, s), 7.5-7.6 (2H, m), 7.81 (1H, s), 8.10 (1H, s), 9.22 (1H, brs), 9.36 (1H, brs) 263 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —SC₆H₅ —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.8-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 chloride (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 (1H, m), 6.77 (1H, s), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m), 7.40 (5H, s), 7.4-7.6 (2H, m), 8.01 (1H, s), 8.08 (1H, s), 9.38 (1H, brs), 9.46 (1H, brs) 264 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Cl —Cl —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.8-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 chloride (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 (1H, m), 7.2-7.4 (1H, m), 7.44 (1H, s), 7.54 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.6-7.7 (1H, m), 7.75 (1H, s), 9.36 (2H, brs)

TABLE 74

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 265 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —C₂H₅ —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.16 (3H, t, J = 7.0 Hz), 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.2-2.3 (1H, m), 2.69 chloride (2H, q, J = 7.0 Hz), 2.8-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.8-5.0 (1H, m), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m), 7.59 (1H, s), 7.6- 7.7 (2H, m), 7.95 (1H, s), 8.19 (1H, s), 9.42 (1H, brs), 9.55 (1H, brs) 266 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —Cl —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.8-2.9 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, chloride m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 (1H, m), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m), 7.33 (1H, s), 7.55 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.6-7.7 (1H, m), 7.92 (1H, s), 8.13 (1H, s), 9.44 (1H, brs), 9.53 (1H, brs) 267 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CN —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2Methane- 1.5-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.44 (6H, s), 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), sulfonate 3.1-3.2 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 (1H, m), 7.2-7.3 (1H, m), 7.5-7.7 (2H, m), 7.67 (1H, s), 8.17 (1H, s), 8.45 (1H, s), 8.79 (1H, brs), 8.84 (1H, brs) 268 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CN —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.60-1.78 (1H, m), 2.18-2.32 (1H, m), 2.83-2.99 (1H, m), 3.05- chloride 3.19 (2H, m), 3.55-3.70 (1H, m), 4.75-4.87 (1H, m), 7.05 (1H, dd, J = 3.0, 8.9 Hz), 7.32-7.43 (1H, m), 7.64 (1H, t, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.74 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 6.7 Hz), 7.78 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 8.03 (1H, d, J = 2.9 Hz), 9.25 (1H, brs), 9.38 (1H, brs). 269 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CN —H —H 1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.67-1.81 (1H, m), 2.10-2.25 (1H, m), 2.83-2.89 (1H, m), 2.90- 3.00 (2H, m), 3.27-3.34 (1H, m), 4.35-4.52 (1H, m), 6.86 (1H, dd, J = 3.0, 5.4 Hz), 7.05-7.10 (1H, m), 7.23-7.28 (1H, m), 7.30 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.44 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 8.00 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz).

TABLE 75

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 270 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —CN —H —H 1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.70-1.82 (1H, m), 2.11-2.25 (1H, m), 2.83-2.90 (1H, m), 2.94-3.00 (2H, m), 3.26-3.33 (1H, m), 4.35-4.50 (1H, m), 6.90 (1H, dd, J = 3.0, 8.8 Hz), 7.04 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.5 Hz), 7.28 (1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz), 7.45 (1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 7.59 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.03 (1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz). 271 —H —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2Methane- 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.3 (1H, m), 2.36 (6H, s), 2.9-3.0 (1H, m), 3.1- sulfonate 3.3 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.8-4.9 (1H, m), 7.09 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.4-7.5 (1H, m), 7.7-7.9 (3H, m), 8.30 (1H, s), 8.36 (1H, d, J = 6.1 Hz), 8.76 (1H, brs), 8.84 (1H, brs)

TABLE 76

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR 272 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H

—H 1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm 1.67-1.81 (1H, m), 2.08-2.19 (1H, m), 2.87-3.00 (3H, m), 3.24-3.31 (1H, m), 4.40-4.48 (1H, m), 6.95-7.05 (1H, m), 7.16-7.24 (3H, m), 7.61 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 7.74 (2H, d, J = 8.3 Hz), 8.12 (1H, d, J = 2.6 Hz), 8.43 (1H, d, J = 1.5 Hz).

TABLE 77

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 M.p. (° C.) Salt 273 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H 229-231 2 Hydro- chloride

TABLE 78

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 NMR Salt 274 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.52-1.71 (1H, m), Hydro- 2.21-2.39 (1H, m), 2.40-2.99 (1H, m), 3.00-3.25 chloride (2H, m), 3.61-3.78 (1H, m), 4.98-5.12 (1H, m), 6.55-7.10 (2H, m), 7.35-7.45 (2H, m), 7.53-7.71 (3H, m), 8.22-8.38 (2H, m), 9.80 (2H, brs), 14.45 (1H, brs) 275 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.56-1.76 (1H, m), 2.20-2.38 (1H, m), 2.89-3.02 chloride (1H, m), 3.03-3.20 (2H, m), 3.60-3.75 (1H, m), 4.94-5.11 (1H, m), 6.70-7.15 (2H, m), 7.41-7.53 (1H, m), 7.66-7.76 (1H, m), 7.85 (1H, dd, J = 2.5 Hz and 6.9 Hz), 8.33 (2H, d, J = 7.0 Hz), 9.44-9.80 (2H, m) 276 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 2 Hydro- 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.2-2.4 (1H, m), 2.50 (3H, s), chloride 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.1-3.2 (2H, m), 3.6-3.8 (1H, m), 4.9-5.1 (1H, m), 6.4-7.0 (2H, m), 7.4-7.5 (1H, m), 7.69 (1H, dd, J = 9.0 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.8-7.9 (1H, m), 8.20 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 9.54 (1H, brs), 9.70 (1H, brs)

TABLE 79

Ex. M.p. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 (° C.) Salt 277 —H —H —H —H —H

124.7- 126.7 Fuma- rate 278 —H —Cl —F —H —H

135.0- 136.0 Fuma- rate 279 —H —F —H —H —H

139.0- 141.0 Fuma- rate

TABLE 80

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 280 —H —H —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 0.99-1.50 (2H, m), 1.51-2.20 (4H, m), 2.80-3.65 (7H, m), 3.60-3.99 (2H, m), 4.10-4.81 (1H, m), 7.01-7.99 (4H, m), 9.15-9.90 (2H, m) Hydrochloride

TABLE 81

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 281 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.68-1.83 (1H, m), 2.05-2.22 (1H, m), 2.75- 3.20 (3H, m), 3.41-3.59 (1H, m), 4.51-4.72 (1H, m), 5.80-5.90 (1H, m), 6.57-6.65 (1H, m), 6.69-6.79 (2H, m), 6.80-6.88 (1H, m), 7.09- 7.19 (1H, m), 9.10-9.50 (2H, m), 11.05 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro- chloride 282 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.1-2.2 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.1-3.3 (2H, m), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.6-4.7 (1H, m), 6.56 (1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz), 6.7-6.8 (1H, m), 6.94 (1H, d, J = 9.2 Hz), 7.25 (1H, dd, J = 9.2 Hz, J = 9.0 Hz), 7.43 (1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz), 7.58 (1H, s), 8.90 (2H, brs) 2 Hydro- bromide 283 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.1-2.2 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.5-4.7 (1H, m), 5.04 (1H, d, J = 14.5 Hz), 5.12 (1H, d, J = 14.5 Hz), 6.48 (2H, s), 6.49 (1H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 6.6-6.7 (1H, m), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 7.1- 7.5 (7H, m), 7.94 (1H, s) Fumarate 284 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.1-2.2 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.42 (3H, s), 3.4-3.6 (1H, m), 4.547 (1H, m), 6.46 (1H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 6.6-6.7 (1H, m), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 7.22 (1H, dd, J = 9.1 Hz, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.30 (1H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 7.87 (1H, s), 9.42 (1H, brs), 9.49 (1H, brs) 2 Hydro- chloride 285 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm: 1.65-2.0 (2H, m), 2.05-2.25 (1H, m), 2.7-3.05 (3H, m), 3.1-3.3 (1H, m), 4.4-4.55 (1H, m), 6.4-6.55 (1H, m), 6.65-6.75 (1H, m), 6.86 (1H, dd, J = 9, 9 Hz), 7.0-7.1 (2H, m), 7.1-7.45 (4H, m), 8.51 (1H, br).

TABLE 82

Ex. No. R2 R6 NMR Salt 286

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.56-1.76 (1H, m), 2.01-2.17 (2H, m), 2.21-2.35 (1H, m), 2.76-3.01 (5H, m), 3.05-3.25 (2H, m), 3.59-3.74 (1H, m), 4.794.91 (1H, m), 7.07 (1H, dd, J = 1.5 Hz, 7.5 Hz), 7.20 (1H, s), 7.42-7.53 (2H, m), 7.70-7.76 (1H, m), 8.06 (1H, d, J = 3.0 Hz), 8.19 (1H, d, J = 5.0 Hz), 9.46 (1H, br), 9.52 (1H, br). 2 Hydro- chloride 287

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.62-1.81 (1H, m), 1.99-2.15 (2H, m), 2.20-2.37 (1H, m), 2.84-3.21 (7H, m), 3.57-3.73 (1H, m), 5.10-5.26 (1H, m), 6.38 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.90 (1H, dd, J = 6.5 Hz, 6.5 Hz), 7.11 (1H, dd, J = 1.5 Hz, 8.0 Hz), 7.24 (1H, s), 7.44 (1H, d, J = 8.0 Hz),7.68 (1H, dd, J = 7.5 Hz,7.5 Hz), 8.12 (1H, dd, J = 1.5 Hz, 5.5 Hz), 9.42 (1H, br), 9.51 (1H, br). 2 Hydro- chloride 288

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.64-1.85 (1H, m), 1.99-2.25 (3H, m), 2.85-3.28 (7H, m), 3.47-3.63 (1H, m), 5.02-5.15 (1H, m), 7.09 (1H, dd, J = 2.0 Hz, 8.0 Hz), 7.22 (1H, s), 7.38-7.43 (2H, m), 7.88 (1H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 8.19-8.21 (1H, m), 9.26 (1H, br), 9.54 (1H, br). 2 Hydro- chloride 289

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.66-1.71 (1H, m), 2.15-2.25 (1H, m), 2.82-2.91 (1H, m), 3.01-3.14 (2H, m), 3.54-3.62 (1H, m), 4.70-4.85 (1H, m), 6.47 (2H, s), 7.09 (1H, dd, J = 1.9 Hz and 8.5 Hz), 7.12-7.16 (1H, m), 7.20-7.26 (1H, m), 7.45 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.77 (1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.85-7.88 (1H, m), 7.91 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.04-8.09 (2H, m) Fumarate 290

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.55-1.8 (1H, m), 2.1- (1H, m), 2.75-4.5 (7H, m), 4.65-4.9 (1H, m), 6.46 (2H, s), 7.09 (1H, dd, J = 2.5, 9 Hz), 7.2-7.35 (2H, m), 7.35-7.55 (2H, m), 7.60 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 7.75-7.95 (3H, m), 8.1-8.25 (2H, m). Fumarate 291

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.45-1.7 (1H, m), 2.1- 2.3 (1H, m), 2.6-4.3 (7H, m), 4.75-4.95 (1H, m), 6.48 (2H, s), 6.85-6.95 (1H, m), 7.1-7.25 (2H, m), 7.25-7.4 (1H, m), 7,51 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 778 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.85-8.0 (2H, m), 8.10 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz). Fumarate 292

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.4-1.7 (1H, m), 2.0- 2.3 (1H, m), 2.6-4.65 (7H, m), 4.85-5.0 (1H, m), 6.49 (2H, s), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 7.12 (1H, dd, J = 4.5, 8.5), 7.45-7.7 (4H, m), 7.77 (1H, d, J = 8 Hz), 7.84 (1H, d, J = 3 Hz), 7.91 (1H, dd, J = 1, 4.5 Hz), 7.99- 8.1 (2H, m). Fumarate

TABLE 83

Ex. No. R2 R6 NMR Salt 293

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.55-1.75 (1H, m), 2.15-2.3 (1H, m), 2.55-4.55 (7H, m), 4.75-4.9 (1H, m), 6.48 (2H, s), 6.95-7.05 (1H, m), 7.1-7.25 (1H, m), 7.38 (1H, d, J = 7.5 Hz), 7.45-7.6 (2H, m), 7.75 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.85-8.05 (3H, m). Fumarate 294

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 1.59-1.69 (1H, m), 2.21-2.49 (1H, m), 2.82-3.24 (3H, m), 3.61-3.75 (1H, m), 4.84-5.02 (1H, m), 7.90 (1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 7.92 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 8.14 (1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz), 8.19 (1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 8.24 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz) 2 Hydro- chloride 295

1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm: 1.7-1.9 (2H, m), 2.16 (1H, dt, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 2.85-3.0 (3H, m), 3.21 (1H, dd, J = 6.5, 11.5 Hz), 4.45 (1H, tt, J = 6.5, 6.5 Hz), 6.77 (1H, dd, J = 1, 2 Hz), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 7.0-7.1 (2H, m), 7.38 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 7.68 (1H, d, J = 2 Hz), 7.99 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 4.5 Hz), 8.04 (1H, d, J = 3 Hz). 296

1H-NMR (CDCl3) δppm: 1.75-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05- 2.4 (2H, m), 2.88 (2H, t, J = 7.5 Hz), 2.98 (1H, dd, J = 5.5, 11.5 Hz), 3.17 (1H, dd, J = 6.5, 12 Hz), 3.83 (3H, s), 4.35-4.5 (1H, m), 6.48 (1H, dd, J = 0.5, 3 Hz), 6.75-6.85 (1H, m), 6.9-7.05 (2H, m), 7.11 (1H, d, J = 3 Hz), 7.3-7.45 (2H, m), 7.92 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 4.5 Hz), 8.03 (1H, d, J = 3 Hz). 297

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.3-1.65 (1H, m), 2.0-2.25 (1H, m), 2.6-5.65 (8H, m), 6.46 (2H, s), 6.54 (2H, d, J = 8 Hz), 6.71 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 7.12 (2H, dd, J = 7.5, 8.5 Hz), 7.52 (1H, dd, J = 4, 8.5 Hz), 7.59 (1H, dd, J = 1, 7.5 Hz), 7.87 (1H, dd, J = 7.5, 8.5 Hz), 8.09 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.15-8.25 (1H, m), 8.93 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 4 Hz). Fumarate 298

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.55-1.75 (1H, m), 2.15-2.35 (1H, m), 2.6-5.75 (8H, m), 6.50 (2H, s), 6.95-7.05 (1H, m), 7.1-72 (1H, m), 7.3-7.5 (3H, m), 7.9-8.0 (3H, m), 8.0-8.1 (1H, m). Fumarate 299

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.65-1.85 (1H, m), 2.15-2.35 (1H, m), 2.85-3.05 (1H, m), 3.05-3.3 (2H, m), 3.5-3.7 (1H, m), 4.7-4.9 (1H, m), 6.9- 7.05 (2H, m), 7.38 (2H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.55 (2H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 7.76 (2H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.91 (2H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 9.28 (1H, br), 9.50 (1H, br). Hydro- chloride 300

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.65-1.85 (1H, m), 2.15-2.35 (1H, m), 2.8-3.05 (1H, m), 3.05-3.25 (2H, m), 3.35-3.8 (1H, m), 4.75-4.9 (1H, m), 6.9- 7.0 (2H, m), 7.39 (2H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.64 (2H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.70 (2H, s), 7.79 (2H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 9.24 (1H, br), 9.43 (1H, br). Hydro- chloride

TABLE 84

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 M.p. (° C.) Salt 301 —H —Cl —F —H —H -cyclo-C₆H₁₁ 194.9-196.1 (dec.) Hydrochloride 302 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₂-cyclo-C₆H₁₁ 158.5-161.0 Hydrochloride

TABLE 85

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 303 —H —Cl —F —H —H -cyclo-C₆H₁₁ 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Fumarate 0.80-1.09 (3H, m), 1.15-1.38 (2H, m), 1.42-1.58 (2H, m), 1.60-1.87 (5H, m), 1.88-2.05 (1H, m), 2.81-3.12 (3H, m), 3.12-3.29 (1H, m), 4.09-4.25 (1H, m), 7.00-7.10 (1H, m), 7.20 (1H, dd, J = 2.6 Hz and 6.7 Hz), 7.24-7.34 (1H, m), 304 —H —H —F —H —H -cyclo-C₆H₁₁ 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydrochloride 0.59-1.55 (8H, m), 1.58-2.43 (5H, m), 2.81-4.11 (4H, m), 4.40-5.22 (1H, m), 7.00-8.20 (4H, m), 9.25-10.45 (2H, m) 305 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃SCH₃ 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydrochloride 1.52-1.70 (2H, m), 1.80-2.18 (5H, m with s at δ2.07), 2.40-2.51 (2H,m), 2.84-3.49 (6H, m), 4.29-4.49 (1H, m), 6.85-6.95 (1H, m), 7.05-7.35 (2H, m), 9.30-9.79 (2H, m) 306 —H —Cl —F —H —H -cyclo-C₅H₉ 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm Hydrochloride 1.15-1.88 (9H, m), 1.95-2.18 (1H, m), 2.71-3.49 (4H, m), 3.60-3.85 (1H, m), 4.35-4.55 (1H, m), 7.05-7.55 (3H, m), 9.01-9.45 (2H, m) 307 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃NHCH₃ 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 3 Hydro- 1.5-3.5 (14H, m), 3.7-3.9 (1H, m), 4.1-4.6 chloride (2H, m), 5-5.75 (1H, brs), 6.8-7.1 (1H, m), 7.1- 7.3 (2H, m), 8.7-9.7 (2H, m) 308 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃N(CH₃)₂ 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm 3 Hydro- 1.7-2.3 (3H, m), 2.70 (3H, s), 2.72 (3H, s), chloride 2.9-3.4 (8H, m), 4.38 (1H, m), 6.8-7.0 (1H, m), 7.1-7.2 1H, m), 7.28 (1H, t, J = 9.1 Hz), 9.2-9.4 (1H, brs), 9.6-9.8 (1H, brs), 10.3-10.6 (1H, brs)

TABLE 86

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 309 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂OC₆H₅ 1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.85-2.1 2 Hydro- (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.95-3.25 chloride (2H, m), 3.25-3.55 (2H, m), 3.67 (2H, t, J = 5.5 Hz), 3.85-4.1 (3H, m), 4.4-4.6 (2H, m), 6.8-7.0 (4H, m), 7.1-7.2 (1H, m), 7.2-7.35 (3H, m), 9.43 (1H, br), 9.60 (1H, br). 310 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.8-1.95 (3H, m), 2.05-2.15 (1H, m), 2.6-3.95 (11H, m),4.07 (2H,t, J = 6 Hz), 4.35- 4.45 (1H, m), 6.57 (4H, s), 6.9-6.95 (1H, m), 7.12 (1H, dd, J = 3, 6.5 Hz), 7.26 (1H, dd, J = 9, 9 Hz), 7.32 (1H, dd, J = 4.5, 8.5 Hz), 7.38 (1H, dd, J = 1.5, 8.5 Hz), 8.17 (1H, dd, J = 3.5, 3.5 Hz), 8.31 (1H, d, J = 3 Hz). 2 Fumarate 311 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1H-NMR (DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.45-1.55 (2H, m), 1.65-1.8 (2H, m), 1.8-1.95 (1H, m), 2.05-2.15 (1H, m), 2.6-4.05 (11H, m), 4.25 (2H, t, J = 6.5 Hz), 4.3- 4.4 (1H, m), 6.55 (4H, s), 6.77 (1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 6.9-7.0 (1H, m), 7.03 (1H, dd, J = 3, 6.5 Hz), 7.22 (1H, dd, J = 9, 9 Hz), 7.65-7.7 (1H, m), 8.1-8.15 (1H, m). 2 Fumarate

TABLE 87

MS Ex. (M + No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 1) 312 —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H 283 313 —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 253 314 —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 307 315 —H —H —CN —H —H 264 316 —H —NO₂ —H —H —H 284 317 —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 284 318 —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H 282 319 —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 253 320 —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 269 321 —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 269 322 —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H 283 323 —H —OCF₃ —H —H —H 323 324 —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H 285 325 —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H 282 326 —CN —H —H —H —H 264 327 —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H 285 328 —H —CF₃ —H —H —H 307 329 —CH₃ —H —F —H —H 271 330 —H —CF₃ —Cl —H —H 341 331 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 253 332 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H 307 333 —H —H —COC₆H₅ —H —H 343 334 —H —H —CH(CH₃)₂ —H —H 281 335 —H —H —OC₆H₅ —H —H 331 336 —H —H —OC₆H₁₃ —H —H 339 337 —H —H —C₂H₅ —H —H 267 338 —H —H —OCH₂C₆H₅ —H —H 345 339 —H —CF₃ —F —H —H 325 340 —H —CF₃ —H —CF₃ —H 375 341 —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 269 342 —CH₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H 267 343 —C₂H₅ —H —H —H —H 267 344 —H —F —H —H —OCH₃ 287 345 —H —H —COCH₃ —H —H 281 346 —H —COCH₃ —H —H —H 281 347 —CH₃ —H —Cl —H —H 287 348 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H 307

TABLE 88

MS Ex. (M + No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 1) 349 —H —F —F —H —H 275 350 —H —F —H —F —H 275 351 —H —H —CF₃ —F —H 325 352 —H —CF₃ —H —F —H 325 353 —H —CF₃ —CH₃ —H —H 321 354 —H —SCF₃ —H —H —H 339 355 —H —CF₃ —OCH₃ —H —H 337 356 —H —CH₃ —N(CH₃)₂ —CH₃ —H 310 357 —H —CH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H 281 358 —H —H —SC₂H₅ —H —H 299 359 —H —H —N(C₂H₅)₂ —H —H 310 360 —H —OCH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H 297 361 —H —F —H —Cl —H 291 362 —H —CH₃ —H —CH₃ —H 363 —H —F —CH₃ —H —H 271 364 —H —F —Cl —H —H 291 365 —H —C₆H₅ —H —H —H 315 366 —H —F —H —H —H 257 367 —H —Cl —CH₃ —H —H 287 368 —H —F —F —F —H 293 369 —H —F —H —H —CH₃ 271 370 —F —H —H —CH₃ —H 271 371 —H —F —OCH₃ —H —H 287 372 —H —CH₃ —Cl —H —H 287 373 —H —H —C₃H₇ —H —H 281 374 —OCH₃ —H —H —CH₃ —H 283 375 —CH₃ —Cl —H —H —H 287 376 —H —H —CH₂C₆H₅ —H —H 329 377 —H —Cl —H —H —OCH₃ 303 378 —CH₃ —F —CH₃ —H —H 285 379 —H —CH₂CH₂CN —H —H —H 292 380 —H —H —CH₂CH₂CN —H —H 292 381 —H —Cl —H —H —CH₃ 287 382 —H —OCHF₂ —H —H —H 305 383 —H —C₂H₅ —H —H —H 267 384 —H —F —OCH₃ —F —H 305 385 —CH₃ —H —CH₃ —H —H 267

TABLE 89

Ex. MS No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 (M +1) 386 —H —F —F —OCH₃ —H 305 387 —H —Cl —H —H —H 273 388 —CH₃ —H —H —CH₃ —H 267 389 —H —CH₃ —CH₃ —H —H 267 390 —H —OCH₃ —OCH₃ —OCH₃ —H 329 391 —H —CN —F —H —H 282 392 —CH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —CH₃ —H 295 393 —H —H —COC₂H₅ —H —H 295 394 —H —H —CF₃ —H —F 325 395 —F —H —CF₃ —F —H 343 396 —H —CO₂C₂H₅ —Cl —H —H 345 397 —CH₂C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H 329 398 —H —CH₃ —OCH₃ —H —H 283 399 —H —H —C₆H₅ —H —H 315 400 —H —Cl —CN —H —H 298 401 —H —CH₃ —F —CH₃ —H 285 402 —H —H —OCF₂CHF₂ —H —H 355 403 —H —H —OH —H —H 255

TABLE 90

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 MS (M + 1) 404 —H —H

—H —H 322 405 —H

—H —H —H 336 406 —H —H

—H —H 306 407 —H —H

—H —H 305 408 —H —H

—H —H 352 409 —H —H

—H —H 306 410 —H —H

—H —H 307 411 —H

—H —H —H 349

TABLE 91

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 MS (M + 1) 412 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H 335 413 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 305 414 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 359 415 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CN —H —H 316 416 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H 334 417 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 305 418 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CO₂C₂H₅ —H —H —H 363 419 —H —Cl —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 321 420 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 321 421 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H 335 422 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —OCF₃ —H —H —H 375 423 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H 337 424 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H 315 425 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 285 426 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 339 427 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —CN —H —H 296 428 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —H 316 429 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 316 430 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H 314 431 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 285 432 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 301 433 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 301 434 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H 315 435 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —OCF₃ —H —H —H 355 436 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H 317 437 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H 301 438 —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 271 439 —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 325 440 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —CN —H —H 282 441 —H —NO₂ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 302 442 —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 302 443 —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 300 444 —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 271 445 —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 287 446 —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 287

TABLE 92

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 MS (M + 1) 447 —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 301 448 —H —OCF₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 341 449 —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 303 450 —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —Cl —F —H —H 334 451 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CN —H —H —H —H 316 452 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H 337 453 —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —F —H —H 314 454 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H 317 455 —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —H 300 456 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H 303

TABLE 93

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS (M + 1) 457 —H —H —H —H —H

283 458 —H —H —H —H —H

283 459 —H —H —H —H —H

319 460 —H —Cl —F —H —H

349 461 —H —H —H —H —H

297 462 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

329 463 —H —H —F —H —H

315 464 —H —H —H —H —H

369 465 —H —H —H —H —H

311 466 —H —H —H —H —H

369 467 —H —H —H —H —H

293

TABLE 94

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS (M + 1) 468 —H —H —H —H —H

289 469 —H —H —H —H —H

289 470 —H —H —H —H —H

319 471 —H —H —H —H —H

307 472 —H —H —H —H —H

327 473 —H —H —H —H —H

281 474 —H —H —H —H —H

279 475 —H —Cl —F —H —H

347 476 —H —H —H —H —H

295 477 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

327 478 —H —H —F —H —H

313

TABLE 95

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS (M + 1) 479 —H —H —H —H —H

295 480 —H —Cl —F —H —H

297 481 —H —Cl —F —H —H

394 482 —H —H —H —H —H

321 483 —H —H —H —H —H

246 484 —H —Cl —F —H —H

298 485 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

278 486 —H —H —H —H —H

243 487 —H —H —F —H —H

261

TABLE 96

Ex No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS (M + 1) 488 —H —H —H —H —H

255 489 —H —Cl —F —H —H

307 490 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

287 491 —H —H —F —H —H

273 492 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

303 493 —H —H —H —H —H

317 494 —H —Cl —F —H —H

369 495 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

349

TABLE 97

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS (M + 1) 496 —H —H —H —H —H

241 497 —H —Cl —F —H —H

293 498 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

273 499 —H —H —H —H —H

269 500 —H —H —F —H —H

287 501 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

301 502 —H —Cl —F —H —H

321 503 —H —H —H —H —H

283 504 —H —Cl —F —H —H

335 505 —H —H —F —H —H

301 506 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

315

TABLE 98

MS Ex. (M + No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 1) 507 —H —H —H —H —H

269 508 —H —Cl —F —H —H

321 509 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

301 510 —H —H —F —H —H

287 511 —H —Cl —F —H —H

361 512 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

341 513 —H —H —F —H —H

327 514 —H —H —H —H —H

301 515 —H —Cl —F —H —H

353 516 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

333

TABLE 99

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 517 —H —H —F —H —H

319 518 —H —H —H —H —H

287 519 —H —Cl —F —H —H

339 520 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

319 521 —H —H —F —H —H

305 522 —H —Cl —F —H —H

411 523 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

391

TABLE 100

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS (M + 1) 524 —H —Cl —F —H —H

353 525 —H —H —H —H —H

337 526 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

369 527 —H —H —F —H —H

399 528 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

413 529 —H —H —H —H —H

241 530 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

273 531 —H —H —F —H —H

259 532 —H —Cl —F —H —H

293

TABLE 101

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS (M + 1) 533 —H —H —H —H —H

241 534 —H —Cl —F —H —H

293 535 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

273 536 —H —H —F —H —H

259 537 —H —H —H —H —H

269 538 —H —Cl —F —H —H

321 539 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

301 540 —H —H —F —H —H

287 541 —H —H —H —H —H

271 542 —H —Cl —F —H —H

323 543 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

303

TABLE 102

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 544 —H —H —F —H —H

289 545 —H —H —H —H —H

322 546 —H —H —H —H —H

296 547 —H —Cl —F —H —H

348 548 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

328 549 —H —H —F —H —H

314 550 —H —H —H —H —H

326 551 —H —Cl —F —H —H

378 552 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

358 553 —H —H —F —H —H

344 554 —H —H —H —H —H

310

TABLE 103

MS Ex. (M + No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 1) 555 —H —H —H —H —H

296 556 —H —H —H —H —H

296 557 —H —H —H —H —H

296 558 —H —Cl —F —H —H

348 559 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

328 560 —H —H —F —H —H

314 561 —H —H —H —H —H

297 562 —H —Cl —F —H —H

349 563 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

329 564 —H —H —F —H —H

315 565 —H —H —H —H —H

311

TABLE 104

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 566 —H —Cl —F —H —H

363 567 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

343 568 —H —H —F —H —H

329 569 —H —H —F —H —H

315 570 —H —Cl —F —H —H

363 571 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

343 572 —H —H —F —H —H

329 573 —H —H —H —H —H

387 574 —H —Cl —F —H —H

439

TABLE 105

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 575 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

419 576 —H —H —H —H —H

322 577 —H —Cl —F —H —H

374 578 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

354 579 —H —H —F —H —H

340 580 —H —H —H —H —H

290 581 —H —Cl —F —H —H

342 582 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

322 583 —H —H —F —H —H

308

TABLE 106

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 584 —H —H —H —H —H

290 585 —H —H —F —H —H

308 586 —H —Cl —F —H —H

342 587 —H —H —H —H —H

290 588 —H —H —H —H —H

304 589 —H —H —H —H —H

310 590 —H —H —H —H —H

354 591 —H —H —H —H —H

291 592 —H —Cl —F —H —H

343 593 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

323 594 —H —H —H —H —H

291

TABLE 107

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 595 —H —H —H —H —H

367 596 —H —H —F —H —H

419 597 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

399 598 —H —H —F —H —H

385

TABLE 108

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS (M + 1) 599 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 337 600 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CO₂CH₃ —H —H 350 601 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ 360 602 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 326 603 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —Cl 326 604 —H —Cl —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 322 605 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 292 606 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 306 607 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 306 608 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H 360 609 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 306 610 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 360 611 —H —H —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 285 612 —H —H —H —H —H —H —CO₂CH₃ —H —H 298 613 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ 308 614 —H —H —H —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 274 615 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —Cl 274 616 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 240 617 —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 254 618 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 254 619 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H 308 620 —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 254 621 —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 270 622 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ 254 623 —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 308 624 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 317 625 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —CO₂CH₃ —H —H 330 626 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ 340 627 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —NO₂ 317 628 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 306 629 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —Cl 306 630 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 272 631 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 286 632 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 286 633 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H 340 634 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 286 635 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 302

TABLE 109

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS (M + 1) 636 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ 286 637 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 340 638 —H —H —F —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 303 639 —H —H —F —H —H —H —CO₂CH₃ —H —H 316 640 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ 326 641 —H —H —F —H —H —H —Cl —H —H 292 642 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —Cl 292 643 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 258 644 —H —H —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 272 645 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 272 646 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H 326 647 —H —H —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H 272 648 —H —H —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H 288 649 —H —H —F —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 326 650 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —CF₃ —H 374 651 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H 337 652 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 322 653 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —C₂H₅ —H 320 654 —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —CF₃ —H 322 655 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H 285 656 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 270 657 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —C₂H₅ —H 268 658 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —CF₃ —H 354 659 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H 317 660 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 302 661 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —C₂H₅ —H 300 662 —H —H —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —CF₃ —H 340 663 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H 303 664 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 288 665 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —C₂H₅ —H 286

TABLE 110

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS (M + 1) 666 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H

—H 309

TABLE 111

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS (M + 1) 667 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 292 668 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 240 669 —H —H —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 285 670 —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —CH₃ —H —H 268 671 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 272 672 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 317 673 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 258 674 —H —H —F —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H 303 675 —H —H —F —H —H —CH₃ —CH₃ —H —H 286 676 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 306 677 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 322 678 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 322 679 —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 254 680 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 270 681 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 286 682 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 302 683 —H —H —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H 272 684 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 288 685 —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H 284 686 —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 254 687 —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 308 688 —H —H —CN —H —H —H —H —H —H 265 689 —H —NO₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 285 690 —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H 285 691 —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H 283 692 —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 308 693 —CH₃ —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 272 694 —H —CF₃ —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H 342 695 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 254 696 —H —H —C(CH₃)₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 296 697 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —H 308 698 —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 286 699 —H —H —COC₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H 344 700 —H —H —CH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H 282 701 —H —H —OC₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H 332 702 —H —H —OC₆H₁₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 340 703 —H —H —C₆H₁₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 324 704 —H —H —C₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H 268

TABLE 112

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS (M + 1) 705 —H —H —OCH₂C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H 346 706 —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 326 707 —H —CF₃ —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —H 376 708 —H —OCH₃ —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 300 709 —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 274 710 —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 270 711 —CH₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 268 712 —C₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 268 713 —H —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 288 714 —H —H —COCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 282 715 —H —COCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 282 716 —CH₃ —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H 288 717 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H 308 718 —H —F —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 276 719 —H —F —H —F —H —H —H —H —H 276 720 —H —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H 326 721 —H —CF₃ —H —F —H —H —H —H —H 326 722 —H —CF₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 322 723 —H —SCF₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 340 724 —H —CF₃ —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 338 725 —H —CH₃ —N(CH₃)₂ —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 311 726 —H —CH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 282 727 —H —H —SC₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H 300 728 —H —H —N(C₂H₅)₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H 311 729 —H —OCH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 298 730 —H —H —OCHF₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H 306 731 —H —F —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —H 292 732 —H —CH₃ —OCH₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 298 733 —H —CH₃ —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 268 734 —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 272 735 —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H 292 736 —H —C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 316 737 —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 258 738 —H —Cl —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 288 739 —H —F —F —F —H —H —H —H —H 294 740 —H —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 272 741 —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 272 742 —H —F —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 288

TABLE 113

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS (M + 1) 743 —H —CH₃ —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H 288 744 —H —H —C₃H₇ —H —H —H —H —H —H 282 745 —OCH₃ —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 284 746 —CH₃ —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 288 747 —H —H —CH₂C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H 330 748 —H —Cl —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 304 749 —CH₃ —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 286 750 —H —CH₂CH₂CN —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 293 751 —H —H —CH₂CH₂CN —H —H —H —H —H —H 293 752 —H —Cl —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 288 753 —H —OCHF₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 306 754 —H —C₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 268 755 —H —F —OCH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H 306 756 —H —F —F —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 306 757 —CH₃ —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 268 758 —H —F —F —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 306 759 —H —OCH₃ —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 300 760 —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 274 761 —CH₃ —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 268 762 —H —CH₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 268 763 —H —CN —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 283 764 —CH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 296 765 —H —NO₂ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H 303 766 —CH₂C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 330 767 —H —CH₃ —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H 284 768 —H —H —C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H 316 769 —H —Cl —CN —H —H —H —H —H —H 299 770 —H —CH₃ —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 286 771 —H —H —OCF₂CHF₂ —H —H —H —H —H —H 356 772 —H —H —OH —H —H —H —H —H —H 256

TABLE 114

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS (M + 1) 773 —H

—H —H —H —H —H —H —H 337 774 —H —H

—H —H —H —H —H —H 307 775 —H —H

—H —H —H —H —H —H 353 776 —H —H

—H —H —H —H —H —H 308 777 —H

—H —H —H —H —H —H —H 350

TABLE 115

Ex. No. R1 MS (M + 1) 778

296 779

298 780

290 781

311 782

290 783

284 784

294 785

312 786

291 787

292 788

311

TABLE 116

Ex. No. R1 MS (M + 1) 789

284 790

282 791

305 792

370 793

370 794

320 795

320 796

323 797

308 798

328 799

280

TABLE 117

Ex. No. R1 MS (M + 1) 800

279 801

353 802

355 803

310 804

297 805

297

TABLE 118

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS (M + 1) 806 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 306 807 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H -2-PYRIDYL -2-PYRIDYL —H 446 808 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 254 809 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ 254 810 —H —H —H —H —H —H -2-PYRIDYL -2-PYRIDYL —H 394 811 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H 286 812 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H -2-PYRIDYL -2-PYRIDYL —H 426 813 —H —H —F —H —H —H -2-PYRIDYL -2-PYRIDYL —H 412

TABLE 119

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 MS (M + 1) 814 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 342 815 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 290 816 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 322 817 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 308

TABLE 120

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 MS (M + 1) 818 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 356 819 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 342 820 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H 410 821 —H —Cl —F —H —H —C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H 418 822 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —Cl —H 376 823 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —H 410 824 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ 410 825 —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 304 826 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 290 827 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H 358 828 —H —H —H —H —H —C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H 366 829 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —Cl —H 324 830 —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —H 358 831 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ 358 832 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 336 833 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 322 834 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H 390 835 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H 398 836 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —Cl —H 356 837 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —H 390 838 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ 390 839 —H —H —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 322 840 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 306 841 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H 376 842 —H —H —F —H —H —C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H 384 843 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —Cl —H 342 844 —H —H —F —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —H 376 845 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ 376 846 —H —Cl —F —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 410 847 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —F 326 848 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 358 849 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —F 358 850 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 390 851 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —F —H —F 344 852 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —CF₃ —H —H 376 853 —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 320

TABLE 121

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 R10 R11 MS (M + 1) 854 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 342 855 —H —H —F —Cl —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 356 856 —H —H —F —Cl —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 372 857 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 356 858 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —F 405 859 —H —H —F —Cl —H —CH₂C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H 432 860 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 372 861 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 372 862 —H —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 372 863 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 290 864 —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 304 865 —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 320 866 —H —H —H —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 304 867 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —F 353 868 —H —H —H —H —H —CH₂C₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —H 380 869 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 320 870 —H —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 320 871 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 320 872 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 322 873 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 336 874 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 352 875 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 336 876 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —F 385 877 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 352 878 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 352 879 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —H 308 880 —H —H —F —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 322 881 —H —H —F —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H 338 882 —H —H —F —H —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H 322 883 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —NO₂ —H —H —F 371 884 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H 338 885 —H —H —F —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H 338 886 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —H —OCH₃ —H 338 887 —H —H —H —H —H —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H —H 334

TABLE 122

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS (M + 1) 888 —H —H —F —H —H

297 889 —H —H —F —Cl —H —CH₂C≡CH 253 890 —H —H —F —Cl —H

415 891 —H —H —F —Cl —H

345 892 —H —H —F —Cl —H

346

TABLE 123

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 893 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75 (1H, m), 2.2-2.35(1H, m), 2.38(6H, s), 2.85-3.0(1H, m), 3.1-3.2(2H, m), 3.6- 3.75(1H, m), 4.17(1H, br), 4.77(1H, tt, J = 7.7, 7.7 Hz), 7.21(1H, dt, J = 4.0, 7.1 Hz), 7.25-7.35(1H, m), 7.55-7.65 (2H, m), 7.86(1H, bs), 8.14(1H, d, J = 2.3 Hz), 8.76(2H, br). 2Methanesulfonate 894 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75 (1H, m), 2.15-2.3(1H, m), 2.8-3.0(1H, m), 3.05-3.2(2H, m), 3.61(1H, dd, J = 7.1, 11.8), 4.74(1H, tt, J = 7.5, 7.5 Hz), 7.10(1H, ddd, J = 2.4, 2.4, 12.0 Hz), 7.25-7.35(1H, m), 7.45-7.65(2H, m), 7.82(1H, s), 8.05(1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 9.1-9.55(2H, m). Hydrochloride 895 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75 (1H, m), 2.15-2.35(4H, m), 2.75-2.95 (1H, m), 3.0-3.2(2H, m), 3.55-3.7(1H, m), 4.76(1H, tt, J = 7.6, 7.6 Hz), 5.38 (1H, br), 7.05-7.25(2H, m), 7.25-7.4 (2H, m), 7.75(1H, dd, J = 1.2, 2.3 Hz), 8.07(1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz), 9.43(2H, br). 2Hydrochloride 896 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75 (1H, m), 2.15-2.3(1H, m), 2.8-3.0(1H, m), 3.0-3.2(2H, m), 3.55-3.7(1H, m), 4.75(1H, tt, J = 7.6, 7.6 Hz), 5.04(1H, br), 6.9-7.05(1H, m), 7.3-7.5(2H, m), 7.62(1H, dd, J = 9.0, 9.0 Hz), 7.71(1H, dd, J = 2.4, 6.7 Hz), 7.95-8.15(2H, m), 9.40(2H, br). 2Hydrochloride

TABLE 124

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 897 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.5-1.7(1H, m), 2.15-2.3(1H, m), 2.8-2.95(1H, m), 3.0-3.2 (2H, m), 3.5-3.65(1H, m), 4.39(1H, br), 4.70(1H, tt, J = 7.8, 7.8 Hz), 6.68(1H, d, J = 11.3 Hz), 7.35-7.45(1H, m), 7.46(1H, s), 7.61(1H, dd, J = 9.0, 9.0 Hz), 7.71(1H, dd, J = 2.6, 6.8 Hz), 7.95-8.05(1H, m), 9.27(2H, br). 2Hydrochloride 898 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75(1H, m), 2.05-2.3(1H, m), 2.8-3.0(1H, m), 3.05-3.3 (2H, m), 3.5-3.7(1H, m), 4.78(1H, tt, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 6.8-6.9(1H, m), 7.1-7.2(2H, m), 7.34(1H, dd, J = 9.0, 9.0 Hz), 7.44(1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz), 7.97(1H, s), 8.08(1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 9.29(1H, br), 9.44(1H, br). Hydrochloride 899 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75(1H, m), 2.1-2.25(1H, m), 2.85-3.05(1H, m), 3.1-3.25 (2H, m), 3.6-3.75(1H, m), 3.8-5.0(1H, m), 5.28(1H, tt, J = 8.2, 8.2 Hz), 6.06(1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 7.22(1H, d, J = 5.9 Hz), 7.35-7.5(5H, m), 7.85(1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 9.34(2H, br). 2Hydrochloride 900 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.8(1H, m), 2.2-2.35(1H, m), 2.8-2.95(1H, m), 3.0-3.25 (2H, m), 3.6-3.75(1H, m), 4.10(1H, br), 4.75-4.9(1H, m), 6.68(1H, dd, J = 2.1, 8.9 Hz), 7.15-7.3(2H, m), 7.3-7.45(1H, m), 7.4-57.6(3H, m), 7.93(1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 8.87(1H, s), 9.26(1H, br), 9.38(1H, br). 2Hydrochloride

TABLE 125

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 901 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.75(1H, m), 2.2-2.35(1H, m), 2.8-2.95(1H, m), 3.05-3.25(2H, m), 3.6-3.75(1H, m), 4.47 (1H, br), 4.80(1H, tt, J = 7.6, 7.6 Hz), 6.66 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.9 Hz), 7.25-7.4(4H, m), 7.48(1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz), 7.92(1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.85(1H, s), 9.34(1H, br), 9.45 (1H, br). 2Hydrochloride 902 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.75(1H, m), 2.15-2.3(1H, m), 2.90(1H, dd, J = 8.0, 11.6 Hz), 3.05-3.2(2H, m), 3.62(1H, dd, J = 6.9, 11.6 Hz), 4.7-4.85(1H, m), 6.92(1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz), 7.04(2H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 7.17 (1H, dd, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 7.35-7.45(3H, m), 7.63(1H, d, J = 1.3 Hz), 7.76(1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 9.23(2H, br). Hydrochloride 903 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.75(1H, m), 2.1-2.25(1H, m), 2.55(3H, d, J = 0.9 Hz), 2.8-2.95(1H, m), 3.0-3.25(2H, m), 3.5-3.65(1H, m), 4.72(1H, tt, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 6.80(2H, d, J = 7.7 Hz), 6.85-7.0 (2H, m), 7.10(1H, s), 7.2-7.3(2H, m), 7.63(1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz), 7.69(1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz) ,9.17(1H, br), 9.34(1H, br). Hydrochloride 904 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.75(1H, m), 2.1-2.25(1H, m), 2.53(3H, d, J = 0.7 Hz), 2.8-2.95(1H, m), 3.0-3.25(2H, m), 3.5-3.65(1H, m), 4.69(1H, tt, J = 7.1, 7.1 Hz), 6.86(1H, dd, J = 2.1, 8.5 Hz), 6.9- 7.05(1H, m), 7.05(1H, s), 7.1-7.2(2H, m), 7.54(1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz), 7.62(1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 9.30(1H, br), 9.45(1H, br). Hydrochloride

TABLE 126

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 905 —H —H —CH₃ —F —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.58-1.71 (1H, m), 2.12(3H, s), 2.19-2.23(1H, m), 2.55(2H, dd, J = 7.0, 8.0 Hz, with DMSO-d6), 2.78-2.89(1H, m), 2.86 (2H, dd, J = 7.0, 8.0 Hz), 3.08-3.22(2H, m), 3.27(3H, s), 3.48-3.62(1H, m, with H2O), 4.59-4.69(1H, m), 6.44(1H, dd, J = 2.3, 8.3 Hz), 6.52(1H, dd, J = 2.3, 12.8 Hz), 7.02-7.16(4H, m), 9.34(2H, br). Hydrochloride 906 —H —H —CH₃ —F —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.59-1.72 (1H, m), 2.13(3H, d, J = 0.86 Hz), 2.17-2.27(1H, m), 2.82-2.91(1H, m), 3.09-3.20(2H, m), 3.61-3.63(1H, m, with H2O), 3.63(3H, s), 4.66-4.73(1H, m), 6.47(1H, dd, J = 2.3, 8.5 Hz), 6.58 (1H, dd, J = 2.3, 12.6 Hz), 6.65(1H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 7.11(1H, dd, J = 8.5, 8.9 Hz), 7.36(1H, dd, J = 2.5, 8.9 Hz), 7.56-7.60(2H, m), 7.89(1H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 9.33(1H, br), 9.41(1H, br). Hydrochloride 907 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.59-1.72 (1H, m), 2.09-2.19(1H, m), 2.19(3H, d, J = 1.4 Hz), 2.48-2.51(2H, m, with DMSO-d6), 2.78-2.90(1H, m), 2.81 (2H, dd, J = 6.8, 8.0 Hz), 3.09-3.19(2H, m), 3.22(3H, s), 3.40-3.54(1H, m, with H2O), 4.56-4.66(1H, m), 6.75-8.80 (1H, m), 6.83-6.85(2H, m), 6.90(1H, dd, J = 2.6, 6.8 Hz), 7.02-7.11(2H, m), 9.29(1H, br), 9.40(1H, br). Hydrochloride 908 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.62-1.75 (1H, m), 2.14-2.26(1H, m), 2.20(3H, d, J = 1.6 Hz), 2.85-2.95(1H, m), 3.11- 3.43(2H, m), 3.53-3.69(1H, m, with H2O), 3.59(3H, s), 4.64-4.73(1H, m), 6.61(1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 6.82-6.87(1H, m), 6.95(1H, dd, J = 2.6, 6.8 Hz), 7.11 (1H, dd, J = 9.0, 9.1 Hz), 7.16(1H, dd, J = J = 2.6, 9.1 Hz), 7.38(1H, d, J = 2.6 Hz), 7.48(1H, d, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.86(1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 9.35(1H, br), 9.48(1H, br). Hydrochloride

TABLE 127

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 909 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.58-1.71 (1H, m), 2.08-2.17(1H, m), 2.17(3H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 2.42(2H, dd, J = 6.9, 8.0 Hz), 2.81-2.89(1H, m), 2.83(2H, dd, J = 6.9, 8.0 Hz), 3.08-3.14(2H, m), 3.16- 3.56(1H, m, with H2O), 4.52-4.61(1H, m), 6.63-6.69(1H, m), 6.79(1H, dd, J = 2.6, 6.9 Hz), 6.84-6.86(3H, m), 7.02 (1H, dd, J = 9.1, 9.1 Hz), 9.17(1H, br), 9.29(1H, br), 10.07(1H, s). Hydrochloride 910 —H —H —F —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.56-1.69 (1H, m), 2.16-2.65(1H, m), 2.63(3H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 2.78-2.89(1H, m), 2.83 (2H, dd, J = 6.5, 6.5 Hz), 2.96(3H, s), 3.07-3.19(2H, m), 3.37-3.45(2H, m, with H2O), 3.56-3.66(1H, m), 4.71-4.80 (1H, m), 6.41(1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz), 6.47 (1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.7 Hz), 7.07-7.12(1H, m), 7.20(1H, dd, J = 2.4, 7.0 Hz), 7.29 (1H, dd, J = 8.9, 9.2 Hz), 7.64(1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 9.11(1H, br), 9.19(1H, br). Hydrochloride 911 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.58-1.71 (1H, m), 2.15-2.22(1H, m), 2.55(2H, dd, J = 6.4, 8.3 Hz), 2.81-2.89(1H, m), 2.86(2H, dd, J = 6.4, 8.3 Hz), 3.12-3.17 (2H, m), 3.26(3H, s), 3.55(1H, dd, J = 6.9, 11.7 Hz), 4.60-4.70(1H, m), 6.69 (1H, ddd, J = 3.0, 3.9, 9.1 Hz), 6.93(1H, dd, J = 3.0, 6.3 Hz), 7.03-7.06(2H, m), 7.15(1H, d, J = 9.3 Hz), 7.27(1H, dd, J = 9.1, 9.1 Hz), 9.17(2H, br). Hydrochloride 912 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.62-1.72 (1H, m), 2.17-2.27(1H, m), 2.83-2.94 (1H, m), 3.12-3.19(1H, m), 3.54-3.60 (1H, m), 3.63(3H, s), 4.67-4.77(1H, m), 6.66(1H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 6.74(1H, ddd, J = 3.1, 3.8, 9.1 Hz), 6.99(1H, dd, J = 3.1, 6.3 Hz), 7.29(1H, dd, J = 9.1, 9.1 Hz), 7.37(1H, dd, J = 2.6, 8.9 Hz), 7.56- 7.60(2H, m), 7.88(1H, d, J = 9.5 Hz), 9.13(1H, br), 9.21(1H, br). Hydrochloride

TABLE 128

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 913 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.65-1.82(1H, m), 2.19- 2.40(1H, m), 2.90-3.10(1H, m), 3.10-3.20(2H, m), 3.65- 3.80(1H, m), 4.80-4.90(1H, m), 7.30-7.45(2H, m), 7.52(1H, d, J = 2.5 Hz), 7.55-7.69(2H, m), 7.88(1H, dd,J = 8.4, 5.1 Hz), 8.15(1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 8.83(1H, d, J = 8.4 Hz), 8.94(1H, d, J = 4.1 Hz), 9.45(1H, bs), 9.62(1H, bs) 2Hydrochloride 914 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.56-1.70(1H, m), 2.12-2.22 (1H, m), 2.46(2H, dd, J = 7.1, 8.0 Hz), 2.80-2.90(1H, m), 2.88(2H, dd, J = 7.1, 8.0 Hz), 3.09-3.16(2H, m), 3.50- 3.60(1H, m), 4.58-4.68(1H, m), 6.61(1H, ddd, J = 3.4, 3.5, 9.1 Hz), 6.86(1H, dd, J = 2.9, 6.3 Hz), 6.91-7.00(3H, m), 7.23(1H, dd, J = 9.1, 9.1 Hz), 8.80(2H, br), 10.19 (1H, s). 2Trifluoroacetate 915 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.59-1.66(1H, m), 2.10-2.20 (1H, m), 2.43(2H, dd, J = 7.0, 8.1 Hz), 2.84(2H, dd, J = 7.0, 8.1 Hz), 2.84-2.92(1H, m), 3.11-3.21(2H, m), 3.47- 3.55(1H, m), 4.54-4.64(1H, m), 6.79-6.89(5H, m), 7.09 (2H, dd, J = 8.8, 8.9 Hz), 8.71 (2H, br), 10.10(1H, s). 2Trifluoroacetate

TABLE 129

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 916 —H —H —F —H —H

H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.60-1.71(1H, m), 2.12-2.22 (1H, m), 2.49-2.54(2H, m, with DMSO-d6), 2.82(2H, dd, J = 7.4, 8.0), 2.84-2.91(1H, m), 3.12-3.16(2H, m), 3.23 (3H, s), 3.45-3.55(1H, m), 4.66-4.65(1H, m), 6.87-6.95 (4H, m), 7.06(1H, d, J = 9.4 Hz), 7.14(2H, dd, J = 8.8, 8.9 Hz), 8.67(2H, br). Hydrochloride 917 —H —H —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.58-1.73(1H, m), 2.10-2.31 (1H, m), 2.41(2H, dd, J = 7.0, 8.0 Hz), 2.80(2H, dd, J = 7.0, 8.0 Hz), 2.82-3.14(1H, m), 3.14(2H, br), 3.46-3.56 (1H, m), 4.54-4.62(1H, m), 6.31(1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 6.47 (1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.1 Hz), 7.01-7.10(3H, m), 7.21(2H, dd, J = 8.7, 8.8 Hz), 8.83(2H, br), 9.88(1H, s). Hydrochloride 918 —H —F —CH₃ —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.60-1.70(1H, m), 2.10(3H, s), 2.13-2.21(1H, m), 2.43- 2.48(2H, m), 2.79-2.90(1H, m), 2.87(2H, dd, J = 7.1, 8.0 Hz), 3.11(2H, br), 3.48-3.55 (1H, m), 4.56-4.66(1H, m), 6.37(1H, dd, J = 2.4, 8.4 Hz), 6.44(1H, dd, J = 2.4, 13.0 Hz), 6.90-7.08(4H, m), 9.22 (1H, br), 9.32(1H, br), 10.19 (1H, s). Hydrochloride

TABLE 130

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 919 —H —CH₃ —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.53- 1.65(1H, m), 2.14-2.21(1H, m), 2.14(3H, d, J = 1.6 Hz), 2.44-2.49 (2H, m, with DMSO-d6), 2.63-2.69 (2H, m), 2.85(1H, dd, J = 7.8, 11.6 Hz), 3.13-3.17(2H, m), 3.28(3H, s), 3.59(1H, dd, J = 6.9, 11.6 Hz), 4.57-4.67(1H, m), 6.33-6.39(1H, m), 6.51(1H, dd, J = 3.1, 6.4 Hz), 6.91-6.97(2H, m), 7.15(1H, d, J = 8.1 Hz), 7.38(1H, t, J = 8.1 Hz), 9.03(2H, br). Hydrochloride 920 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.58- 1.71(1H, m), 2.15-2.25(1H, m), 2.82-2.92(1H, m), 3.11-3.16(2H, m), 3.37(3H, s, with H2O), 3.54- 3.60(1H, m), 4.65-4.74(1H, m), 6.54(1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz), 6.64-6.69 (1H, m), 6.93(1H, dd, J = 2.9, 6.3 Hz), 7.22-7.30(2H, m), 7.37(1H, d, J = 8.7 Hz), 7.53(1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 7.88(1H, d, J = 9.6 Hz), 9.04 (1H, br), 9.13(1H, br), 11.86(1H, s). 2Hydrochloride

TABLE 131

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 921 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.18-1.35 (2H, m), 1.66-1.90(3H, m), 1.95-2.12 (1H, m), 2.88-3.46(7H, m), 3.83(2H, dd, J = 3.2, 11.1 Hz), 4.18-4.36(1H, brs), 7.11-7.30(1H, m), 7.30-7.50(2H, m), 9.25-9.65(2H, br). Hydrochloride 922 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.08-1.29 (2H, m), 1.45-1.70(3H, m), 1.79-2.14 (2H, m), 2.85-3.40(8H, m), 3.73-3.85 (2H, m), 4.28-4.46(1H, m), 6.91-7.08 (1H, m), 7.11-7.35(2H, m), 9.00-9.85 (2H, m). Hydrochloride 923 —H —H —Cl —CH₃ —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.57-1.75 (1H, m), 2.19-2.35(1H, m), 2.37(3H, s), 2.83-2.96(1H, m), 3.00-3.19(2H, m), 3.58-3.74(1H, m), 4.80-4.95(1H, m), 7.22(1H, dd, J = 8.4, 2.4 Hz), 7.40(1H, d, J = 2.4 Hz), 7.55-7.66(2H, m), 7.77 (1H, dd, J = 8.9, 5.3 Hz), 8.17(1H, J = 2.7 Hz), 8.24(1H, d, J = 5.3 Hz), 9.62 (2H, br). 2Hydrochloride 924 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.76-1.93 (6H, m), 2.07-2.09(1H, m), 2.94(1H, br), 3.10(1H, br), 3.13(2H, s), 3.34- 3.71(6H, m, with H2O), 4.36-4.42(1H, m), 7.02-7.07(1H, m), 7.24-7.51(5H, m), 7.77(2H, br), 9.06(1H, br), 9.40 (1H, br). Hydrochloride

TABLE 132

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 m.p. (° C.) Salt 925 —H —H —F —H —H

195.5-198.5 2Hydrochloride 926 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

102-105 Hydrochloride 927 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

119-122 2Hydrochloride 928 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

123-124 2Hydrochloride 929 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

191-193 Hydrochloride 930 —H —H —F —Cl —H

150-156 2Hydrochloride 931 —H —F —F —H —H

153-155 Fumarate 932 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H

174.7-176.7 2Hydrochloride 933 —H —H —H —H —H

  227-228.5 2Hydrochloride 934 —H —H —H —H —H

241.5-243.5 2Hydrochloride

TABLE 133

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 mp. (° C.) Salt 935 —H —H —F —H —H

133-135 Fumarate 936 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H

134-136 Fumarate 937 —H —F —F —H —H

138-141 Fumarate 938 —H —H —Cl —CH₃ —H

110.3-111.9 Fumarate 939 —H —Cl —H —Cl —H

179.2-181.1 Fumarate 940 —H —H —F —Cl —H

203.5-206   Hydrochloride 941 —H —H —H —H —H

141-144 Fumarate 942 —H —H —H —H —H

135-161 Fumarate 943 —H —H —H —H —H

155-156 Hydrochloride

TABLE 134

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 mp. (° C.) Salt 944 —H —H —H —H —H

160-180 Hydrochloride 945 —H —H —F —H —H

155.5-164.5 Hydrochloride 946 —H —H —F —H —H

161-167.5 Hydrochloride

TABLE 135

Ex. No. R1 R6 NMR Salt 947

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.8(1H, m), 2.25-2.4 (1H, m), 2.85-3.0(1H, m), 3.0-3.2(2H, m), 3.25- 4.45(2H, m), 4.9-5.0(1H, m), 7.45(1H, dd, J = 1.8, 8.5 Hz), 7.58(1H, dd, J = 2.3, 8.8 Hz), 7.72(1H, dd, J = 5.3, 8.8 Hz), 7.98(1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.08(1H, s), 8.16(1H, d, J = 1.6 Hz), 8.22(1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz), 8.25 (1H, d, J = 5.0 Hz), 9.45(1H, br), 9.58(1H, br). 2Hydrochloride 948

1H-NMR(DMSO-d6) δppm: 1.6-1.8(1H, m), 2.25-2.4 (1H, m), 2.85-3.25(3H, m), 3.6-3.8(1H, m), 4.97 (1H, tt, J = 7.7, 7.7 Hz), 7.32(1H, dd, J = 1.7, 8.6 Hz), 7.65-7.8(2H, m), 8.16(1H, s), 8.3-8.4(3H, m), 9.17 (1H, d, J = 0.7 Hz), 9.3-9.8(2H, m). 2Hydrochloride 949

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75(1H, m), 2.25- 2.4(1H, m), 2.7-5.3(1H, br), 2.85-3.0(1H, m), 3.05-2.25(2H, m), 3.65-3.8(1H, m), 4.95(1H, tt, J = 7.7, 7.7 Hz), 7.45(1H, dd, J = 1.9, 8.6 Hz), 7.55-7.6 (1H, m), 7.74(1H, dd, J = 5.3, 8.8 Hz), 7.81(1H, d, J = 1.8 Hz), 8.09(1H, s), 8.19(1H, d, J = 2.8 Hz), 8.23 (1H, d, J = 5.2 Hz), 8.33(1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 9.44(1, br), 9.62(1H, br). 2Hydrochloride 950

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75(1H, m), 2.2- 2.35(1H, m), 2.8-3.0(1H, m), 3.0-3.25(2H, m), 3.55-3.75(1H, m), 4.35-5.5(2H, m), 7.20(1H, d, J = 12.2 Hz), 7.28(1H, dd, J = 1.8, 8.5Hz), 7.55(1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.7-7.8(1H, m), 7.91(1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 8.0-8.1(2H, m), 8.10(1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 9.32(1H, br), 9.47(1H, br). 2Hydrochloride 951

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.8(1H, m), 2.2- 2.35(1H, m), 2.8-3.0(1H, m), 3.0-3.2(2H, m), 3.6- 3.75(1H, m), 4.3-5.02H, m), 7.1-7.25(1H, m), 7.27(1H, dd, J = 2.0, 8.5 Hz), 7.51(1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.76(1H, d, J = 1.1 Hz), 7.87(1H, d, J = 1.9 Hz), 7.91(1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 8.08(1H, d, J = 2.2 Hz), 8.20(1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 9.27(1H, br), 9.43 (1H, br). 2Hydrochloride 952

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.75(1H, m), 2.2- 2.35(1H, m), 2.85-3.0(1H, m), 3.0-3.2(2H, m), 3.6-3.75(1H, m), 4.32(1H, br), 4.85(1H, tt, J = 7.7, 7.7 Hz), 7.19(1H, ddd, J = 2.4, 2.4, 12.0 Hz), 7.37 (1H, dd, J = 1.9, 8.5 Hz), 7.8-7.85(1H, m), 7.92(1H, d, J = 8.5 Hz), 8.02(1H, s), 8.05-8.15(2H, m), 9.21 (1H, br), 9.33(1H, br). 2Hydrochloride

TABLE 136

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 m.p. (° C.) Salt 953 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

96-98 2Hydrochloride 954 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

126-129 2Hydrochloride 955 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

139-143 2Hydrochloride 956 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

117-120 2Hydrochloride 957 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

155-159 Hydrochloride 958 —H —H —F —Cl —H

101-103 Hydrochloride 959 —H —H —F —Cl —H

157-160 Hydrochloride 960 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

151-153 2Hydrochloride 961 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

96-98 Hydrochloride 962 —H —H —F —Cl —H

119-123 2Hydrochloride 963 —H —H —Cl —Cl —H

120-124 2Hydrochloride

TABLE 137

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 964 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂OCH(C₆H₅)₂ ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.99-2.18(2H, m), — 3.13-3.34(2H, m), 3.38-33.47(7H, m), 4.23-4.35(1H, m), 5.25(1H, s), 6.71-6.78 (1H, m), 6.92-7.00(2H, m), 7.18-7.33 (10H, m) 965 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₂CO₂C₂H₅ ¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.15(3H, t, J = Hydrochloride 7.1 Hz), 2.05-2.36(2H, m), 3.04-3.22(1H, m), 3.22-3.72(4H, m), 3.71-4.50(3H, m), 5.34(1H, brs), 7.52-7.69(2H, m), 7.87- 7.98(1H, m), 9.10-9.70(2H, m). 966 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂OH ¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.25(1H, s), 1.80- — 1.94(1H, m), 2.04-2.19(1H, m), 2.97-3.74 (9H, m), 4.05-4.14(1H, m), 6.76(1H, ddd, J = 8.9, 3.6, 2.9 Hz), 6.92(1H, dd, J = 6.2, 2.9 Hz), 7.03(1H, dd, J = 8.9, 8.8 Hz) 967 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₂C(CH₃)₂OH ¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.01(3H, s), Oxalate 1.04(3H, s), 1.88-2.15(2H, m), 3.03-3.22 (4H, m), 3.22-3.45(2H, m), 3.45-3.55(5H, m; including 1H, quint at 4.30), 7.01-7.10 (1H, m), 7.23(1H, t, J = 9.1 Hz), 7.25-7.32 (1H, m). 968 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂OCH₃ 1H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.82-2.00 Hydrochloride (1H, m), 2.06-2.20(1H, m), 2.90-3.19(2H, m), 3.24(3H, s), 3.26-3.50(6H, m), 4.44 (1H, quint, J = 8.2 Hz), 6.89(1H, td, J = 3.3, 9.1 Hz), 7.07(1H, dd, J = 3.3, 9.1 Hz), 7.25(1H, t, J = 9.1 Hz), 9.34(1H, br), 9.52 (1H, br). 969 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₂CO₂H ¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 2.05-2.34(2H, Hydrochloride m), 2.80-4.40(5H, m), 5.22(1H, brs), 7.51- 7.71(2H, m), 7.89(1H, dd, J = 1.8, 5.3 Hz), 7.15-7.65(2H, br), 9.85-11.65(2H, br). 970 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₂CONH₂ 971 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₂CONHCH₃ ¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 2.09-2.31(2H, Hydrochloride m), 2.63(3H, d, J = 4.6 Hz), 3.05-3.25(1H, m), 3.25-3.54(3H, m), 3.54-3.79(1H, m), 5.27(1H, brs), 7.50-7.70(2H, m), 7.80- 7.97(1H, m), 8.92(1H, brs), 9.36-9.85 (2H, m), 9.80-11.10(1H, br).

TABLE 138

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 972 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₂CON(CH₃)₂ ¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 2.07-2.40(2H, Hydrochloride m), 2.89(3H, s), 2.90(3H, s), 3.02-3.24 (1H, m), 3.24-3.83(4H, m), 5.63(1H, brs), 7.53-7.69(2H, m), 7.83-7.93(1H, m), 9.32- 9.75(2H, m), 9.82-10.50(1H, m). 973 —H —Cl —F —H —H —CH₂CH═CH₂ ¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.76-1.95(1H, Hydrochloride m), 2.10-2.25(1H, m), 2.85-3.02(1H, m), 3.02-3.19(1H, m), 3.25-3.50(2H, m), 3.89 (2H, brs), 4.59(1H, quint, J = 7.8 Hz), 5.05-5.20(1H, m), 5.76-5.94(1H, m), 6.69- 6.82(1H, m), 6.88-6.97(1H, m), 7.23(1H, t, J = 9.2 Hz), 8.90-9.95(2H, br). 974 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃OH ¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.49-2.79(2H, Hydrochloride m), 1.81-2.04(2H, m), 2.05-2.20(1H, m), 2.82-3.20(2H, m), 3.20-3.50(6H, m), 4.33- 4.52(1H, m), 6.84-7.04(1H, m), 7.04-7.21 (1H, m), 7.22-7.35(1H, m), 9.14-9.75(2H, m). 975 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂C(CH₃)₂OH 976 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃OCH₃ ¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.55-1.72(2H, Oxalate m), 1.80-1.99(1H, m), 2.04-2.20(1H, m), 2.93(1H, dd, J = 9.4, 11.6 Hz), 3.05-3.50 (10H, m), 4.40(1H, quint, J = 7.9 Hz), 5.25-8.20(6H, m; including 6.80-6.90(1H, m), 7.00-7.10(1H, m), and 7.26(1H, t, J = 9.1 Hz).

TABLE 139

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 977 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.58-1.71(1H, m), 2.03-2.18(2H, m), 2.79(1H, dd, J = 11.2, 4.3 Hz), 2.91(1H, ddd, J = 11.2, 8.2, 6.2 Hz), 3.03-3.15(2H, m), 4.25-4.35(1H, m), 6.88- 6.92(1H, m), 6.97-7.15(3H, m), 7.25(1H, dd, J = 8.7, 8.7 Hz), 7.49(1H, ddd, J = 8.7, 4.2, 2.6 Hz), 7.66(1H, dd, J = 6.5, 2.6 Hz) — 978 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.59(1H, s), 1.66- 1.81(1H, m), 2.00-2.16(1H, m), 2.83-2.93(3H, m), 3.12(1H, dd, J = 11.5, 6.6 Hz), 3.22(1H, t, J = 8.7 Hz), 4.20-4.31(1H, m), 4.62(1H, t, J = 8.7 Hz), 6.44(1H, ddd, J = 9.1, 3.6, 3.0 Hz), 6.62(1H, dd, J = 6.2, 3.0 Hz), 6.75-6.85(2H, m), 6.86-6.94(2H, m) — 979 —H —Cl —F —H —H

980 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.64-1.84(2H, m), 2.07-2.19(1H, m), 2.87-3.02(3H, m), 3.21 (1H, dd, J = 11.5, 6.7 Hz), 4.34-4.44(1H, m), 6.81(1H, ddd, J = 8.9, 4.1, 2.8 Hz), 6.90-6.95 (2H, m), 7.00(1H, dd, J = 6.5, 2.8 Hz), 7.07 (1H, dd, J = 8.9, 8.7 Hz), 7.30-7.34(1H, m), 7.39-7.45(2H, m), 7.49-7.61(4H, m) Oxalate 981 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.66-1.82(1H, m), 1.98-2.12(1H, m), 2.83-3.20(5H, m), 3.40- 3.52(4H, m), 4.02-4.15(1H, m), 5.23(1H, s), 6.67(1H, ddd, J = 8.9, 3.6, 3.0 Hz), 6.89(1H, dd, J = 6.2, 3.0 Hz), 6.96(1H, dd, J = 8.9, 8.8 Hz), 7.16-7.21(4H, m), 7.25-7.32(4H, m) — 982 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.67-1.82(1H, m), 1.98-2.13(1H, m), 2.83-3.20(4H, m), 3.24 (1H, br), 3.40-3.52(4H, m), 4.03-4.15(1H, m), 5.26(1H, s), 6.67(1H, ddd, J = 9.0, 3.6, 3.0 Hz), 6.89(1H, dd, J = 6.2, 3.0 Hz), 6.91-7.05 (5H, m), 7.20-7.29(4H, m) —

TABLE 140

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 983 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.68-1.82(2H, m), 2.03-2.17(1H, m), 2.83-2.95(3H, m), 3.16 (1H, dd, J = 11.6, 6.7 Hz), 4.25-4.35(1H, m), 6.58(1H, ddd, J = 9.0, 3.9, 2.9 Hz), 6.78(1H, dd, J = 6.3, 2.9 Hz), 6.94-7.06(7H, m), 7.09- 7.16(1H, m), 7.32-7.40(2H, m) Oxalate 984 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.67-1.90(2H, m), 2.04-2.18(1H, m), 2.80-3.01(3H, m), 3.05- 3.30(1H, m), 4.20-4.44(1H, m), 6.58-6.69 (1H, m), 6.78-6.82(1H, m), 6.84-7.00(7H, m), 7.27-7.34(2H, m) — 985 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.66-1.80(2H, m), 2.02-2.17(1H, m), 2.80-2.95(3H, m), 3.03- 3.26(1H, m), 4.24-4.37(1H, m), 6.54-6.62 (1H, m), 6.74-6.81(1H, m), 6.83-7.10(9H, m) —

TABLE 141

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 986 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.70-1.84(2H, m), 2.06-2.20(1H, m), 2.86-2.98(3H, m), 3.18-3.26(1H, m), 4.33-4.45(1H, m), 6.78-6.85(1H, m), 6.87-6.94(2H, m), 6.98-7.02(1H, m), 7.04-7.16(3H, m), 7.43-7.55(4H, m) — 987 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.68(1H, s), 1.69-1.83(1H, m), 2.04-2.20(1H, m), 2.75-2.97(3H, m), 3.22(1H, dd, J = 11.5, 6.8 Hz), 4.34-4.45(1H, m), 6.84 (1H, ddd, J = 8.8, 4.1, 2.7 Hz), 6.85- 6.92(2H, m), 7.03(1H, dd, J = 6.5, 2.7 Hz), 7.10(1H, dd, J = 8.8, 8.7 Hz), 7.34-7.41(2H, m), 7.43-7.52(4H, m) — 988 —H —Cl —F —H —H

2Trifluoro- acetate 989 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.85-2.1(1H, m), 2.15-2.35(1H, m), 2.35-2.95 (1H, m), 3.14(1H, br), 3.33(2H, br), 3.59(1H, br), 4.55-4.8(1H, m), 6.8- 6.95(1H, m), 7.01(1H, dd, J = 2.7, 6.3 Hz), 7.05-7.2(2H, m), 7.55(1H, d, J = 2.0 Hz), 8.06(1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 8.97(1H, s), 9.86(2H, br). 2Trifluoro- acetate 990 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.15-2.3(1H, m), 2.85-3.0 (1H, m), 3.05-3.25(2H, m), 3.55-3.7 (1H, m), 4.03(3H, s), 4.76(1H, tt, J = 7.2, 7.2 Hz), 5.28(1H, br), 6.8-6.9 (1H, br), 6.8-6.9(1H, m), 7.08(1H, dd, J = 2.9, 6.4 Hz), 7.32(1H, dd, J = 9.0, 9.0 Hz), 7.44(1H, s), 7.71(1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz), 8.01(1H, s), 9.36(1H, br), 9.52(1H, br). 2Hydro- chloride

TABLE 142

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 991 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.5-1.75(1H, m), 2.1-2.3(1H, m), 2.75-2.95(1H, m), 2.95-3.25(2H, m), 3.45-3.65(1H, m), 3.65-4.35(4H, m), 4.72(1H, tt, J = 7.2, 7.2 Hz), 6.59(1H, ddd, J = 3.5, 3.5, 9.1 Hz), 6.79(1H, dd, J = 3.0, 6.3 Hz), 7.1-7.25(2H, m), 7.67(1H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 7.75(1H, d, J = 8.8 Hz), 8.08 (1H, d, J = 0.4 Hz), 9.31(1H, br), 9.42 (1H, br). Hydrochloride 992 —H —Cl —F —H —H

993 —H —Cl —F —H —H

994 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.85-2.05(1H, m), 2.2-2.35(1H, m), 3.1-3.25(1H, m), 3.25-3.4(2H, m), 3.55-3.7(1H, m), 4.79 (1H, tt, J = 6.8, 6.8 Hz), 6.60(1H, ddd, J = 3.4, 3.4, 9.0 Hz), 6.76(1H, dd, J = 3.0, 6.0 Hz), 6.95(1H, dd, J = 8.8, 8.8 Hz), 7.25-7.45(4H, m), 7.85(1H, dd, J = 1.2, 7.6 Hz), 9.07(1H, br), 9.24(1H, br), 10.44(1H, br). 2Trifluoroacetate 995 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 1.8-2.05(4H, m), 2.15-2.35(1H, m), 3.0-3.2(1H, m), 3.25-3.45(2H, m), 3.5-3.7(1H, m), 4.64 (1H, tt, J = 6.8, 6.8 Hz), 6.46(1H, ddd, J = 3.4, 3.4, 9.1 Hz), 6.60(1H, dd, J = 3.0, 6.1 Hz), 6.96(1H, dd, J = 8.8, 8.8 Hz), 7.05-7.15(2H, m), 8.85-9.65(2H, m), 10.42(1H, br). 2Trifluoroacetate

TABLE 143

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR Salt 996 —H —Cl —F —H —H

997 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(CDCl₃) δppm; 2.05-2.2(1H, m), 2.2-2.35(1H, m), 2.44(3H, d, J = 1.0 Hz), 3.15-3.45(3H, m), 3.5-3.7(1H, m), 4.59 (1H, tt, J = 6.6, 6.6 Hz), 6.55-6.65(2H, m), 6.69(1H, ddd, J = 3.4, 9.0 Hz), 6.84 (1H, dd, J = 3.0, 6.1 Hz), 7.00(1H, dd, J = 8.7, 8.7 Hz), 9.14(2H, br), 9.52(1H, br). 2Trifluoroacetate 998 —H —Cl —F —H —H

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.6-1.75(1H, m), 2.05-2.2(1H, m), 2.39(3H, d, J = 0.7 Hz), 2.86(1H, dd, J = 7.4, 11.5 Hz), 2.95-3.15(2H, m), 3.50(1H, dd, J = 7.0, 11.5 Hz), 3.65-6.1(4H, m), 6.46(2H, s), 6.50(1H, s), 6.7-6.85(1H, m), 6.9-7.0 (2H, m), 7.27(1H, dd, J = 9.1, 9.1 Hz). Fumarate 999 —H —Cl —F —H —H

2Trifluoroacetate

TABLE 144

Ex. No. R1 R6 NMR Salt 1000

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.7-1.85(1H, m), 2.15-2.3(1H, m), 2.9-3.2(3H, m), 3.63(1H, dd, J = 7.0, 11.5 Hz), 4.73 (1H, tt, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 6.47(2H, s), 6.82(1H, dd, J = 1.4, 5.1 Hz), 6.95(1H, dd, J = 2.4, 9.0 Hz), 7.26(1H, dd, J = 1.4, 3.1 Hz), 7.25-7.35(2H, m), 7.35-7.45(1H, m), 7.59(1H, dd, J = 3.1, 5.1 Hz), 7.7-7.8(3H, m), 10.3(3H, br). Fumarate 1001

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.6-1.9(1H, m), 2.0-2.35(1H, m), 2.65-5.55(8H, m), 6.48(2H, s), 6.68(1H, dd, J = 1.4, 5.1 Hz), 6.92(1H, dd, J = 2.1 8.6 Hz), 7.04(1H, dd, J = 1.4, 3.0 Hz), 7.35(1H, d, J = 5.5 Hz), 7.50(1H, dd, J = 3.1, 5.1 Hz), 7.55-7.65(2H, m), 7.75(1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). Fumarate 1002

¹H-NMR(DMSO-d₆) δppm; 1.55-1.9(1H, m), 2.0-2.25(1H, m), 2.3-5.45(8H, m), 6.48(2H, s), 6.59(1H, dd, J = 1.4, 5.1 Hz), 6.92(1H, dd, J = 1.4, 3.0 Hz), 6.99(1H, dd, J = 2.2, 8.7 Hz), 7.38(1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.45(1H, dd, J = 3.1, 5.1 Hz), 7.54(1H, d, J = 2.1 Hz), 7.75(1H, d, J = 5.4 Hz), 7.91 (1H, d, J = 8.6 Hz). Fumarate

TABLE 145

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 1003 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂CO₂CH₃ 1004 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂CO₂C₂H₅ 1005 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂CO₂CH₂C₆H₅ 1006 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂CON(CH₃)₂ 314 1007 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂COCH₃ 1008 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂COC₂H₅ 1009 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂COC₆H₅ 1010 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂CH(OH)CH₃ 1011 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂CH(OH)C₂H₅ 1012 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂CH(OH)C₆H₅ 1013 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₂CH(OH)(CH₃)₂ 1014 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃SC₆H₅ 365 1015 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S(CH₂)₂N(C₂H₅)₂ 1016 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S(CH₂)₂CH₅ 331 1017 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃SCH₂C₆H₅ 379 1018 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S(CH₂)₂C₆H₅ 393 1019 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S(CH₂)₂NH₂ 1020 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃SC₂H₅ 1021 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S(CH₂)₂OH 333 1022 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S(CH₂)₂CO₂CH₃ 375 1023 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃SCH₂CO₂CH₃ 361 1024 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S-cyclo-C₅H₉ 357 1025 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S-cyclo-C₆H₁₁ 371 1026 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S(CH₂)₃C₆H₅ 407 1027 —H —Cl —F —H —H —(CH₂)₃S(CH₂)₂OC₆H₅ 409

TABLE 146

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 1028 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1029 —H —Cl —F —H —H

380 1030 —H —Cl —F —H —H

379 1031 —H —Cl —F —H —H

399 1032 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1033 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1034 —H —Cl —F —H —H

422 1035 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1036 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1037 —H —Cl —F —H —H

395

TABLE 147

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 1038 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1039 —H —Cl —F —H —H

366 1040 —H —Cl —F —H —H

366 1041 —H —Cl —F —H —H

395 1042 —H —Cl —F —H —H

367 1043 —H —Cl —F —H —H

387 1044 —H —Cl —F —H —H

369 1045 —H —Cl —F —H —H

405 1046 —H —Cl —F —H —H

422 1047 —H —Cl —F —H —H

433

TABLE 148

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 1048 —H —Cl —F —H —H

406 1049 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1050 —H —Cl —F —H —H

369 1051 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1052 —H —Cl —F —H —H

369 1053 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1054 —H —Cl —F —H —H

386 1055 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1056 —H —Cl —F —H —H

371 1057 —H —Cl —F —H —H

409

TABLE 149

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 MS(M + 1) 1058 —H —Cl —F —H —H

413 1059 —H —Cl —F —H —H

393 1060 —H —Cl —F —H —H

1061 —H —Cl —F —H —H

TABLE 150

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS(M + 1) 1062 —H —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 326 1063 —H —H —N(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —F —H 301 1064 —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 288 1065 —H —OC₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 302 1066 —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 304 1067 —H —CF₃ —Cl —H —H —H —H —F —H 360 1068 —H —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 272 1069 —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 1070 —H —H —SCH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 304 1071 —H —H —CH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —F —H 300 1072 —H —H —OC₆H₅ —H —H —H —H —F —H 350 1073 —H —H —C₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —F —H 286 1074 —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —F —H 344 1075 —F —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 1076 —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 292 1077 —H —H —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 288 1078 —CH₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 286 1079 —C₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 286 1080 —H —Cl —Cl —H —H —H —H —F —H 326 1081 —H —F —F —H —H —H —H —F —H 294 1082 —H —F —H —F —H —H —H —F —H 294 1083 —H —H —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —F —H 344 1084 —CF₃ —F —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 1085 —F —H —CF₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 344 1086 —H —CF₃ —H —F —H —H —H —F —H 344 1087 —H —CF₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 340 1088 —H —CF₃ —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 356 1089 —H —CH₃ —N(CH₃)₂ —CH₃ —H —H —H —F —H 329 1090 —H —CH(CH₃)₂ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 300 1091 —H —F —Br —H —H —H —H —F —H 1092 —H —F —H —Cl —H —H —H —F —H 310 1093 —H —CH₃ —OCH₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H —F —H 316 1094 —H —CH₃ —H —CH₃ —H —H —H —F —H 286

TABLE 151

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8 R9 MS(M + 1) 1095 —H —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 290 1096 —H —F —Cl —H —H —H —H —F —H 310 1097 —H —F —F —H —F —H —H —F —H 1098 —F —H —F —H —H —H —H —F —H 1099 —H —F —H —H —F —H —H —F —H 294 1100 —H —F —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 276 1101 —H —Cl —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 306 1102 —H —F —F —F —H —H —H —F —H 312 1103 —F —F —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 294 1104 —H —F —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 306 1105 —H —CH₃ —Cl —H —H —H —H —F —H 306 1106 —H —H —C₃H₇ —H —H —H —H —F —H 300 1107 —H —C₂H₅ —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 1108 —H —OCH₃ —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 318 1109 —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 292 1110 —H —CH₃ —CH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 286 1111 —H —CH₃ —OCH₃ —H —H —H —H —F —H 302 1112 —H —CH₃ —F —CH₃ —H —H —H —F —H 304 1113 —H —H —Cl —H —H —H —H —F —H 292 1114 —H —H —H —H —H —H —H —F —H 258 1115 —H —H —F —H —H —H —H —F —H 276 1116 —H —H

—H —H —H —H —F —H 341 1117 —H —H

—H —H —H —H —F —H 325 1118 —H

—H —H —H —H —H —F —H

TABLE 152

Ex. No. R1 R6 MS(M + 1) 1119

293 1120

259 1121

260 1122

309 1123

309 1124

1125

260 1126

323 1127

309 1128

TABLE 153

MS Ex. No. R1 R6 (M + 1) 1129

314 1130

309 1131

310 1132

288 1133

1134

1135

320 1136

264 1137

265 1138

TABLE 154

MS Ex. (M + No. R1 R6 1) 1139

1140

288 1141

323 1142

377 1143

315 1144

323 1145

1146

339 1147

377 1148

TABLE 155

Ex. No. R1 R6 MS(M + 1) 1149

1150

314 1151

316 1152

308 1153

329 1154

308 1155

302 1156

330 1157

309 1158

310

TABLE 156

MS Ex. (M + No. R1 R6 1) 1159

329 1160

302 1161

300 1162

323 1163

338 1164

341 1165

326 1166

346 1167

314 1168

298

TABLE 157

Ex. No. R1 R6 MS(M + 1) 1169

315 1170

339 1171

353 1172

1173

298

TABLE 158

MS Ex. (M + No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 1) 1174 —H —Cl —F —H —H

344 1175 —H —Cl —F —H —H

332 1176 —H —Cl —F —H —H

340

TABLE 159

Ex. No. R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 NMR salt 1177 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.55-1.75 (1H, m), 2.1-2.25 (1H, m), 2.8-2.95 (1H, m), 3.0-3.25 (2H, m), 3.5-3.65 (1H, m), 4.19 (3H, s), 4.64 (1H, tt, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 5.01 (1H, br), 6.60 (1H, ddd, J = 3.5, 3.5, 9.1 Hz), 6.81 (1H, dd, J = 3.0, 6.3 Hz), 6.96 (1H, dd, J = 2.0, 9.0 Hz), 7.22 (1H, dd, J = 9.1, 9.1 Hz), 7.61 (1H, d, J = 1.5 Hz), 7.68 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.39 (1H, s), 9.28 (1H, br), 9.39 (1H, br). 2Hydrochloride 1178 —H —H —F —Cl —H

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.75 (1H, m), 2.1-2.3 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.05-3.25 (2H, m), 3.5-3.65 (1H, m), 4.18 (3H, s), 4.72 (1H, tt, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 5.88 (1H, br), 6.67 (1H, dd, J = 1.9, 8.9 Hz), 6.8-6.9 (1H, m), 7.07 (1H, dd, J = 2.9, 6.4 Hz), 7.25-7.4 (2H, m), 7.73 (1H, dd, J = 0.3, 8.9 Hz), 8.42 (1H, s), 9.43 (1H, br), 9.56 (1H, br). 2Hydrochloride 1179 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.1-2.25 (1H, m), 2.8-2.95 (1H, m), 3.0-3.25 (2H, m), 3.5-3.65 (1H, m), 4.0- 4.5 (4H, m), 4.70 (1H, tt, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 6.70 (2H, d, J = 7.9 Hz), 6.80 (1H, dd, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 6.92 (1H, dd, J = 2.0, 9.0 Hz), 7.1-7.25 (2H, m), 7.55 (1H, d, J = 1.4 Hz), 7.64 (1H, d, J = 9.0 Hz), 8.36 (1H, s), 9.30 (1H, br), 9.47 (1H, br). 2Hydrochloride 1180 —H —H —H —H —H

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆) δppm: 1.6-1.8 (1H, m), 2.1-2.25 (1H, m), 2.8-3.0 (1H, m), 3.0-3.25 (2H, m), 3.5-3.65 (1H, m), 4.15 (3H, s),4.22 (1H, br), 4.73 (1H, tt, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 6.60 (1H, dd, J = 1.8, 8.9 Hz), 6.91 (2H, d, J = 7.6 Hz), 7.02 (1H, dd, J = 7.3, 7.3 Hz), 7.22 (1H, s), 7.25-7.4 (2H, m), 7.66 (1H, d, J = 8.9 Hz), 8.37 (1H, s), 9.26 (1H, br), 9.42 (1H, br). 2Hydrochloride Pharmacological Test 1 Evaluation of Inhibitory Activity of Test Compound on Serotonin (5-Ht) Uptake into Rat Brain Synaptosome

Male Wistar rats were decapitated and the brains were removed and the frontal cortices were dissected. The separated frontal cortices were homogenized in 20 volumes as weight of 0.32 M sucrose solution by a Potter-type homogenizer. The homogenate was centrifuged at 1000 g at 4° C. for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was then centrifuged at 20000 g at 4° C. for 20 minutes. The pellet was resuspended in incubation buffer (20 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4)) containing 10 mM glucose, 145 mM sodium chloride, 4.5 mM potassium chloride, 1.2 mM magnesium chloride, and 1.5 mM calcium chloride) and used as crude synaptosome fractions.

The uptake reaction mixture was suspended in a final volume of 200 μl containing pargyline (final concentration of 10 μM) and sodium ascorbate (final concentration of 0.2 mg/ml) in each well of 96-well-round-bottom-plate.

Solvent, unlabeled 5-HT, and serial diluted test compounds were added in each well, and synaptosome fraction of 1/10 volume of the final volume were added. After a 10 min preincubation at 37° C., the uptake was initiated by the addition of tritium-labeled 5-HT solution (final concentration of 8 nM) at 37° C. The uptake was stopped after 10 minutes by filtration under vacuum through a 96-well glass fiber filter plate. After washing the filter with cold physiological saline and drying up, Microscint-O (Perkin-Elmer) was added, and remained radioactivity on the filter was measured.

The total uptake activity with only solvent was determined as 100%, and the nonspecific uptake activity with unlabeled 5-HT (final concentration of 10 μM) was determined as 0%. The 50% inhibitory concentrations were calculated based on the concentrations of the test compounds and their inhibitory activities. Table 160 shows the results.

TABLE 160 50% inhibittory Test Compound concentration (nM) Compound of Example 5 1.6 Compound of Example 7 3.0 Compound of Example 19 0.7 Compound of Example 40 0.8 Compound of Example 73 0.6 Compound of Example 90 1.2 Compound of Example 114 0.8 Compound of Example 131 0.6 Compound of Example 145 0.6 Compound of Example 149 1.2 Compound of Example 151 0.8 Compound of Example 154 0.8 Compound of Example 268 0.8 Compound of Example 278 2.2 Compound of Example 306 1.4 Compound of Example 894 2.6 Compound of Example 895 3.0 Compound of Example 896 2.5 Compound of Example 899 0.7 Compound of Example 900 1.5 Compound of Example 901 0.7 Compound of Example 903 1.2 Compound of Example 912 1.0 Compound of Example 913 0.8 Compound of Example 917 0.7 Compound of Example 930 0.8 Compound of Example 934 1.8 Compound of Example 961 2.8 Compound of Example 963 1.0 Compound of Example 967 0.9 Compound of Example 989 0.6 Pharmacological Test 2 Evaluation of Inhibitory Activity of Test Compound on Norepinephrine (NE) Uptake into Rat Brain Synaptosome

Male Wistar rats were decapitated and the brains were removed and the hippocampi were dissected. The separated hippocampi were homogenaized in 20 volumes as weight of 0.32 M sucrose solution by a Potter-type homogenizer. The homogenate was centrifuged at 1000 g at 4° C. for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was then centrifuged at 20000 g at 4° C. for 20 minutes. The pellet was resuspended in incubation buffer (20 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4)) containing 10 mM glucose, 145 mM sodium chloride, 4.5 mM potassium chloride, 1.2 mM magnesium chloride, and 1.5 mM calcium chloride) and used as crude synaptosome fraction.

The uptake reaction mixture was suspended in final volume of 200 μl containing pargyline (final concentration of 10 μM) and sodium ascorbate (final concentration of 0.2 mg/ml) in each well of 96-well-round-bottom-plate.

Solvent, unlabeled NE, and serial diluted test compounds were added to each well, and synaptosome fraction of 1/10 volume of the final volume were added. After 10 minutes preincubation at 37° C., the uptake was initiated by the addition of tritium-labeled NE solution (final concentration of 12 nM) at 37° C. The uptake was stopped after 10 minutes by filtration under vacuum through a 96-well glass fiber filter plate. After washing the filter with cold physiological saline and drying up, Microscint-0 (Perkin-Elmer) was added, and remained radioactivity on the filter was measured.

The total uptake activity with only solvent was determined as 100%, and the nonspecific uptake activity with unlabeled NE (final concentration of 10 μM) was determined as 0%. The 50% inhibitory concentrations were calculated based on the concentrations of the test compounds and their inhibitory activities. Table 161 shows the results.

TABLE 161 50% inhibitory Test Compound concentration (nM) Compound of Example 1 0.6 Compound of Example 7 0.4 Compound of Example 20 0.8 Compound of Example 22 2.2 Compound of Example 44 0.4 Compound of Example 90 0.7 Compound of Example 98 0.3 Compound of Example 114 0.4 Compound of Example 116 0.1 Compound of Example 131 0.2 Compound of Example 154 0.2 Compound of Example 188 0.1 Compound of Example 223 0.2 Compound of Example 242 0.2 Compound of Example 244 0.5 Compound of Example 256 0.1 Compound of Example 278 0.3 Compound of Example 289 0.1 Compound of Example 306 0.8 Compound of Example 894 0.3 Compound of Example 895 0.5 Compound of Example 896 0.9 Compound of Example 900 0.6 Compound of Example 903 0.7 Compound of Example 913 0.8 Compound of Example 922 0.5 Compound of Example 930 1.0 Compound of Example 951 0.5 Compound of Example 961 0.7 Compound of Example 963 0.8 Compound of Example 967 0.1 Compound of Example 989 0.3 Compound of Example 990 0.8 Compound of Example 1000 0.4 Compound of Example 1001 0.1 Compound of Example 1002 0.1 Pharmacological Test 3 Evaluation of Inhibitory Activity of Test Compound on Dopamine (DA) into Rat Brain Synaptosome

Male Wistar rats were decapitated and the brains were removed and the striata were dissected. The separated striata were homogenized in 20 volumes as weight of 0.32 M sucrose solution by a Potter-type homogenizer. The homogenate was centrifuged at 1000 g at 4° C. for 10 minutes, and the supernatant was then centrifuged at 20000 g at 4° C. for 20 minutes. The pellet was resuspended in incubation buffer (20 mM HEPES buffer (pH 7.4)) containing 10 mM glucose, 145 mM sodium chloride, 4.5 mM potassium chloride, 1.2 mM magnesium chloride, and 1.5 mM calcium chloride) and used as crude synaptosome fraction.

The uptake reaction mixture was suspended in a final volume of 200 μl containing pargyline (final concentration of 10 μM) and sodium ascorbate (final concentration of 0.2 mg/ml) in each well of 96-well-round-bottom-plate.

Solvent, unlabeled DA, and serial diluted test compounds were added in each well, and synaptosome fraction of 1/10 volume of the final volume were added. After 10-min preincubation at 37° C., the uptake was initiated by the addition of tritium labeled DA solution (final concentration of 2 nM) at 37° C. The uptake was stopped after 10 minutes by filtration under vacuum through a 96-well glass fiber filter plate. After washing the filter with cold physiological saline and drying up, Microscint-0 (Perkin-Elmer) was added and remained radioactivity on the filter was measured.

The uptake activity with only solvent was determined as 100%, and the nonspecific uptake activity with unlabeled DA (final concentration of 10 μM) was determined as 0%. The 50% inhibitory concentrations were calculated based on the concentrations of the test compounds and their inhibitory activities. Table 162 shows the results.

TABLE 162 50% inhibitory Test Compound concentration (nM) Compound of Example 7 45.0 Compound of Example 44 8.7 Compound of Example 46 9.3 Compound of Example 73 9.0 Compound of Example 90 4.8 Compound of Example 114 32.5 Compound of Example 116 8.9 Compound of Example 154 9.2 Compound of Example 200 3.8 Compound of Example 201 4.3 Compound of Example 268 6.5 Compound of Example 270 8.2 Compound of Example 272 30.0 Compound of Example 273 32.9 Compound of Example 278 34.7 Compound of Example 289 30.6 Compound of Example 294 24.0 Compound of Example 299 48.6 Compound of Example 300 9.6 Compound of Example 894 9.4 Compound of Example 895 38.0 Compound of Example 912 30.2 Compound of Example 913 6.5 Compound of Example 930 6.8 Compound of Example 951 29.8 Compound of Example 961 9.6 Compound of Example 963 47.1 Compound of Example 967 25.4 Compound of Example 989 5.8 Compound of Example 990 26.0 Compound of Example 1001 16.4 Compound of Example 1002 32.9 Pharmacological Test 4 Forced-Swimming Test

Forced-swimming test was conducted based on the method of Porsolt, R. D., et al. (Porsolt, R. D., et al., Behavioural despair in mice: A primary screening test for antidepressants. Arch. Int. Pharmacodyn., 229, pp 327-336 (1977) with a modification.

The test compound was suspended in a 5% gum arabic/physiological saline solution (w/v) and then orally administered to male ICR mice (provided by Clea Japan Inc., 5 to 6 weeks old). One hour after administration, the mice were dropped into a tank containing 9.5 cm water maintained at 21 to 25° C. Then, the mice were forced to swim for 6 minutes. During the last four minutes of the test, the period of time the mice were not moving was measured (i.e., immobility time). The analysis and measurement of the immobility time was conducted using a SCANET MV-20 AQ system (product name of Melquest Co., Ltd.). In this test, the test compound treated animal exhibited reduction of immobility time. Therefore it is clear that the test compound is effective as an antidepressant. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1)

or a salt thereof, wherein R¹⁰¹ is the group (1), and R¹⁰² is one of the following groups (2) to (86): (1) a phenyl group, (2) a pyridyl group, (3) a benzothienyl group, (4) an indolyl group, (5) a 2,3-dihydro-1H-indenyl group, (6) a naphthyl group, (7) a benzofuryl group, (8) a quinolyl group, (9) a thiazolyl group, (10) a pyrimidinyl group, (11) a pyrazinyl group, (12) a benzothiazolyl group, (13) a thieno[3,2-b]pyridyl group, (14) a thienyl group, (15) a cycloalkyl group, (16) a tetrahydropyranyl group, (17) a pyrrolyl group, (18) a 2,4-dihydro-1,3-benzodioxinyl group, (19) a 2,3-dihydrobenzofuryl group, (20) a 9H-fluorenyl group, (21) a pyrazolyl group, (22) a pyridazinyl group, (23) an indolinyl group, (24) a thieno[2,3-b]pyridyl group, (25) a thieno[3,2-d]pyrimidinyl group, (26) a thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidinyl group, (27) a 1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridyl group, (28) an isoquinolyl group, (29) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzoxadinyl group, (30) a quinoxalinyl group, (31) a quinazolinyl group, (32) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolyl group, (40) a 1,3-benzodioxolyl group, (41) a 2,3-dihydro-1,4-benzodioxinyl group, (42) a 3,4-dihydro-1,5-benzodioxepinyl group, (43) a dihydropyridyl group, (44) a 1,2-dihydroquinolyl group, (45) a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolyl group, (46) a benzoxazolyl group, (47) a benzoisothiazolyl group, (48) an indazolyl group, (49) a benzoimidazolyl group, and (50) an imidazolyl group, and each of the groups (1) to (32), and (40) to (50) may have one or more substituents selected from the following (1-1) to (1-37) on the cycloalkyl, aromatic or heterocyclic ring: (1-1) halogen atoms, (1-2) lower alkylthio groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, (1-4) lower alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, (1-5) nitro group, (1-6) lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, (1-7) amino groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups, (1-8) lower alkylsulfonyl groups, (1-9) cyano group, (1-10) carboxy group, (1-11) hydroxy group, (1-12) thienyl groups, (1-13) oxazolyl groups, (1-14) naphthyl groups, (1-15) benzoyl group, (1-16) phenoxy groups optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms on the phenyl ring, (1-17) phenyl lower alkoxy groups, (1-18) lower alkanoyl groups, (1-19) phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, cyano group, lower alkanoyl groups and lower alkyl groups, (1-20) phenyl lower alkyl groups, (1-21) cyano lower alkyl groups, (1-22) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group-substituted sulfonyl groups, the heterocyclic group containing on the heterocyclic ring one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, (1-23) thiazolyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the thiazole ring, (1-24) imidazolyl groups, (1-25) amino lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the amino group, (1-26) pyrrolidinyl lower alkoxy groups, (1-27) isoxazolyl groups, (1-28) cycloalkylcarbonyl groups, (1-29) naphthyloxy groups, (1-30) pyridyl groups, (1-31) furyl groups, (1-32) phenylthio group, (1-33) oxo group, (1-34) carbamoyl group, (1-35) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic groups containing one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, the heterocyclic group optionally being substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of oxo group; lower alkyl groups; lower alkanoyl groups; phenyl lower alkyl groups; phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and lower alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups, (1-36) oxido group and (1-37) lower alkoxido groups.
 2. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein R¹⁰¹ is (1) a phenyl group, and the phenyl group may have on the aromatic ring one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of (1-1) halogen atoms and (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms.
 3. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to claim 2, wherein R¹⁰² is (2) a pyridyl group, (9) a thiazolyl group, (10) a pyrimidinyl group, (11) a pyrazinyl group (14) a thienyl group, or (48) an indazolyl group, and each of the groups (2), (9), (10), (11), (14) and (48) may have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one to three substituents selected from the groups (1-1) to (1-37): (1-1) halogen atoms, (1-2) lower alkylthio groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, (1-4) lower alkoxy groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, (1-5) nitro group, (1-6) lower alkoxycarbonyl groups, (1-7) amino groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups, (1-8) lower alkylsulfonyl groups, (1-9) cyano group, (1-10) carboxy group, (1-11) hydroxy group, (1-12) thienyl groups, (1-13) oxazolyl groups, (1-14) naphthyl groups, (1-15) benzoyl group, (1-16) phenoxy groups optionally substituted with one to three halogen atoms on the phenyl ring, (1-17) phenyl lower alkoxy groups, (1-18) lower alkanoyl groups, (1-19) phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to five substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms, lower alkoxy groups, cyano group, lower alkanoyl groups and lower alkyl groups, (1-20) phenyl lower alkyl groups, (1-21) cyano lower alkyl groups, (1-22) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic group-substituted sulfonyl groups, the heterocyclic group containing on the heterocyclic ring one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, (1-23) thiazolyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the thiazole ring, (1-24) imidazolyl groups, (1-25) amino lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or two lower alkyl groups on the amino group, (1-26) pyrrolidinyl lower alkoxy groups, (1-27) isoxazolyl groups, (1-28) cycloalkylcarbonyl groups, (1-29) naphthyloxy groups, (1-30) pyridyl groups, (1-31) furyl groups, (1-32) phenylthio group, (1-33) oxo group, (1-34) carbamoyl group, (1-35) 5 to 7-membered saturated heterocyclic groups containing one or two heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur, the heterocyclic group optionally being substituted with one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of oxo group; lower alkyl groups; lower alkanoyl groups; phenyl lower alkyl groups; phenyl groups optionally substituted on the phenyl ring with one to three members selected from the group consisting of halogen atoms and lower alkoxy groups; and pyridyl groups, (1-36) oxido group and (1-37) lower alkoxido groups.
 4. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to claim 3, wherein R¹⁰¹ is a monohalophenyl group, a dihalophenyl group or a phenyl group substituted with one halogen atom and one lower alkyl group, R¹⁰² is (2) a pyridyl group, (9) a thiazolyl group, (10) a pyrimidinyl group, (11) a pyrazinyl group, (14) a thienyl group, (48) an indazolyl group, and each of the groups (2), (9), (10), (11), (14) and (48) may have on the aromatic or heterocyclic ring one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of (1-1) halogen atoms, (1-3) lower alkyl groups optionally substituted with one or more halogen atoms, and (1-9) cyano group.
 5. A pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to claim 4 selected from the group consisting of: (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, (4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiazol-2-ylamine, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)pyrimidin-5-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyrazin-2-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-2-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)pyridin-3-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(6-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, (3,4-dichlorophenyl)pyridin-3-yl-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylthiophen-3-ylamine, (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, (4-fluoro-3-methylphenyl)-(5-fluoropyridin-3-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine, and (3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl)-(1-methyl-1H-indazol-5-yl)-(S)-pyrrolidin-3-ylamine.
 6. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to claim 1 as an active ingredient and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
 7. A therapeutic agent for disorders caused by reduced neurotransmission of serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine, comprising as an active ingredient a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to claim 1, wherein the disorder is depression.
 8. A prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent according to claim 7, wherein the disorder is selected from the group consisting of: depressions selected from the group consisting of major depression; bipolar 1 disorder; bipolar 2 disorder; mixed episode; dysthymic disorders; rapid cycler; atypical depression; seasonal affective disorders; postpartum depression; minor depression; recurrent brief depressive disorder; intractable depression/chronic depression; double depression; alcohol-induced mood disorders; mixed anxiety & depressive disorders; depressions induced by various physical disorders selected from the group consisting of Cushing's disease, hypothyroidism, hyperparathyroidism syndrome, Addison's disease, amenorrhea and lactation syndrome, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, intracerebral bleeding, diabetes, chronic fatigue syndrome and cancers;, depression of the middle-aged; senile depression; depression of children and adolescents; depression induced by interferons; and depression induced by adjustment disorder.
 9. A method for treating disorders caused by reduced neurotransmission of serotonin, norepinephrine or dopamine, comprising administering a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1) or a salt thereof according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to human or animal, wherein the disorder is depression.
 10. A process for producing a pyrrolidine compound of General Formula (1):

or a salt thereof according to claim 1, the process comprising (1) subjecting a compound of General Formula (2)

wherein R¹¹² is an amino-protecting group to an elimination reaction to remove the amino protecting group. 